2016年《创新教程》高考数学(理科)大一轮(人教A新课标)精讲课件:第10章 第1节 分类分步计数原理
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第一章 第1节对应学生用书课时冲关 理(一)/第233页文(一)/第201页一、选择题1.已知全集U ={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9},集合A ={0,1,3,5,8},集合B ={2,4,5,6,8},则(∁U A )∩(∁U B )=()A .{5,8}B .{7,9}C .{0,1 ,3}D. {2,4,6}解析:因为∁U A ={2,4,6,7,9},∁U B ={0,1,3,7,9},所以(∁U A )∩(∁U B )={7,9}.故选B. 答案:B2.(2015·北京东城区统一检测)设集合A ={1,2},则满足A ∪B ={1,2,3}的集合B 的个数是( )A .1B .3C .4D .8解析:根据已知,满足条件的集合B 为{3},{1,3},{2,3},{1,2,3}.故选C. 答案:C3.(2015·宁德质检)已知集合A ={0,1},B ={-1,0,a +2},若A ⊆B ,则a 的值为( ) A .-2 B .-1 C .0D .1解析:∵A ⊆B ,∴a +2=1,解得a =-1. 故选B. 答案:B4.R 表示实数集,集合M ={x ∈R |1<x <3},N ={x ∈R |(x -1)(x -2)<0},则( ) A .M ∩N =M B .M ∪N =N C .(∁R N )∩M =∅D .(∁R M )∩N =∅解析:因为M ={x |1<x <3},N ={x |1<x <2},所以M ∩N =N ,M ∪N =M , (∁R N )∩M ={x |2≤x <3},(∁R M )∩N =∅,故选D. 答案:D5.(2015·太原诊断)已知集合A ={x |x 2-4x +3<0},B ={x |y =ln(x -2)},则(∁R B )∩A =( )A .{x |-2≤x <1}B .{x |-2≤x ≤2}C .{x |1<x ≤2}D .{x |x <2}解析:集合A ={x |1<x <3},B ={x |x >2},则(∁R B )∩A ={x |1<x ≤2},故选C.答案:C6.(2015·广东七校联考)已知集合A ={x |(x -1)(x -4)<0},B ={x |y =2-x },则图中阴影部分所表示的集合为( )A .(1,2)B .(1,2]C .(0,1)D .(0,2]解析:由韦恩图可以看出阴影部分是两集合的交集,由题意得集合A ={x |1<x <4},B ={x |x ≤2},所以A ∩B ={x |1<x ≤2}.答案:B7.若集合A ={0,1,2,x },B ={1,x 2},A ∪B =A ,则满足条件的实数x 有( ) A .1个 B .2个 C .3个D .4个解析:∵A ={0,1,2,x },B ={1,x 2},A ∪B =A ,∴B ⊆A ,∴x 2=0或x 2=2或x 2=x ,解得x =0或2或-2或1.经检验当x =2或-2时满足题意.故选B.答案:B8.设集合A ={x ||x |≤2,x ∈R },B ={y |y =-x 2,-1≤x ≤2},则∁R (A ∩B )等于( ) A .RB. (-∞,-2)∪(0,+∞) C .(-∞,-1)∪(2,+∞) D .∅解析:由|x |≤2得-2≤x ≤2,所以集合A ={x |-2≤x ≤2};由-1≤x ≤2得-4≤-x 2≤ 0,所以集合B ={y |-4≤y ≤0},所以A ∩B ={x |-2≤x ≤0},故∁R (A ∩B )=(-∞,-2)∪(0,+∞),故选B.答案:B9.(2015·江西七校联考)若集合P ={x |3<x ≤22},非空集合Q ={x |2a +1≤x <3a -5},则能使Q ⊆(P ∩Q )成立的所有实数a 的取值范围为( )A .(1,9)B .[1,9]C .[6,9)D .(6,9]解析:选依题意,P ∩Q =Q ,Q ⊆P ,于是 ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2a +1<3a -5,2a +1>3,3a -5≤22,解得6<a ≤9,即实数a 的取值范围是(6,9].故选D.答案:D10.已知集合A ={(x ,y )|x ,y 为实数,且x 2+y 2=1},B ={(x ,y )|x ,y 为实数,且y =x },则A ∩B 的元素个数为( )A .0B .1C .2D .3解析:法一:A 为圆心在原点的单位圆,B 为过原点的直线,故有 2个交点,故选C.法二:由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2+y 2=1,y =x ,可得⎩⎨⎧x =22,y =22,或⎩⎨⎧x =-22,y =-22,故选C.答案:C11.已知集合P ={x |x 2≤1},M ={a }.若P ∪M =P ,则a 的取值范围为( ) A .(-∞,-1] B .[1,+∞)C .[-1,1]D .(-∞,-1]∪[1,+∞)解析:由P ={x |x 2≤1}得P ={x |-1≤x ≤1}. 由P ∪M =P 得M ⊆P .又M ={a },∴-1≤a ≤1. 答案:C12.(2015·东北五市模拟)已知全集U ={-1,1,2,3,4},集合A ={1,2,3},B ={2,4},则(∁R A )∪B =()A .{1,2,4}B .{2,3,4}C .{-1,2,4}D .{-1,2,3,4}解析:因为集合A ={1,2,3},所以∁R A ={-1,4},所以(∁R A )∪B ={-1,2,4}. 答案:C 二、填空题13.已知集合A ={1,3,a },B ={1,a 2-a +1},且B ⊆A ,则a =________.解析:由a 2-a +1=3,得a =-1或a =2,经检验符合.由a 2-a +1=a ,得a =1, 由于集合中不能有相同元素,所以舍去.故a =-1或2. 答案:-1或214.已知集合A ={(0,1),(1,1),(-1,2)},B ={(x ,y )|x +y -1=0,x ,y ∈Z },则A ∩B =________.解析:A 、B 都表示点集,A ∩B 即是由A 中在直线x +y -1=0上的所有点组成的集合,代入验证即可.答案:{(0,1),(-1,2)}15.对于集合M 、N ,定义M -N ={x |x ∈M 且x ∉N },M ⊕N =(M -N )∪(N -M ).设A ={y |y =3x ,x ∈R },B ={y |y =-(x -1)2+2,x ∈R },则A ⊕B =________.解析:由题意得A ={y |y =3x ,x ∈R }={y |y >0},B ={y |y =-(x -1)2+2,x ∈R }={y |y ≤2},故A-B={y|y>2},B-A={y|y≤0},所以A⊕B={y|y≤0或y>2}.答案:(-∞,0]∪(2,+∞)16.已知集合A={x∈R||x+2|<3},集合B={x∈R|(x-m)(x-2)<0},且A∩B=(-1,n),则m=________,n=________.解析:A={x∈R||x+2|<3}={x∈R|-5<x<1},由A∩B=(-1,n),可知m<2,则B={x|m<x<2},画出数轴,可得m=-1,n=1.答案:-1 1[备课札记]。