《发动机原理》课程教学大纲
课程编号：190019 学分：2 总学时：34
大纲执笔人：倪计民大纲审核人：楼狄明
一、课程性质与目的Teaching Objective and Requirement
《发动机原理》是为汽车设计方向和汽车电子方向讲述车用发动机的基本理论的专业课程，是以内燃机原理为主要内容，以内燃机的性能指标作为主要研究对象，明确各种因素对性能指标的影响规律及其相互之间的内在联系，把合理组织内燃机的工作过程，提高整机性能作为中心内容。同时还按专题介绍内燃机工作过程中的一些特殊问题。通过授课使学生初步掌握车用发动机的工作原理，初步进行内燃机性能的评判、匹配和选用的能力。
《Principle of Internal Combustion Engine》is a basic theory of professional courses which is set for the students whose major are automotive design and automotive electronics. The main content of this courses is the Principles and performance of the internal combustion engine. The main object is to clear the various factors on the performance and its mutual intrinsic link between each other, to improve the working process and its overall performance for engines. Presentations also some special problems in the process of internal combustion engines. Through lectures, students initially grasp the capacity of car engine works, preliminary performance evaluation of the internal combustion engine, matching and selection.
二、课程基本要求Basic requirement
熟悉内燃机工作过程的基本理论；熟悉内燃机的动力性、经济性和排放性能指标；掌握汽油机、柴油机的混合气供给、混合气形成、燃烧过程；掌握内燃机的运行特性及与动力机械的匹配；了解内燃机的排放、噪声、增压、代用燃料。
Familiar with the basic theory of the internal combustion engine working process; familiar with the internal combustion engine's power performance, economy and emissions performance indicators; master the mixture supply, mixture formation and combustion processes for both gasoline and diesel engine; master the running characteristics of internal combustion engine and power machinery matching process; understand emissions, noise, supercharged, alternative fuels of internal combustion engine.
三、课程基本内容Contents
（一）绪论Introduction
1、内燃机发展史的回顾Review of ICE development
2、内燃机的分类Classification
3、汽车与内燃机的匹配要求Matching requirements of automobile and ICE
4、车用内燃机的发展趋势Future trends
（二）内燃机的实际循环和理想循环Actual and ideals working cycle
1、内燃机的实际循环过程Actual cycle
2、内燃机的理想循环和对理论循环的修正Ideal cycle of internal combustion
engine and the theoretical cycle correction
（三）性能指标Performance indicators
1、性能指标、大气修正performance indicators, atmospheric correction
2、机械损失和热平衡the mechanical losses and heat balance
（四）内燃机换气过程Exchange process
1、四冲程内燃机换气过程Four-stroke internal combustion engine exchange
process
2、换气过程性能指标Exchange process performance indicators
3、充气效率的影响因素及提高充气效率的措施volumetric efficiency and its
influence factors, the methods for VE improvement
4、空气运动Movement of mixture
5、多气门内燃机Multi-valve internal combustion engine
6、可变的配气定时和可变的进气系统Variable valve timing and variable intake
system
（五）内燃机常用燃料及燃烧理论基础Common fuels and combustion theory foundation
1、燃料Fuels
2、空燃比（过量空气系数）Air-fuel ratio (excess air factor)
3、燃烧理论和实际燃烧过程Combustion theory and the actual combustion process （六）汽油机的混合和燃烧Mixing and combustion process of gasoline engine
1、正常燃烧Normal combustion
2、不正常燃烧Abnormal combustion
3、多缸汽油机混合气的分配Distribution of mixed gas of the multi-cylinder
gasoline engine
（七）汽油机混合气形成、装置及点火系Mixture formation and ignition system
1、理想化油器特性Performance of ideal carburetor
2、化油器的结构和基本功能Structure and basic function of carburetor
