山东大学2019年《357英语翻译基础》考研专业课真题试卷

历年华南理工大学357英语翻译基础考研真题答案与考试笔记一、考试解读：part 1 学院专业考试概况：①学院专业分析：含学院基本概况、考研专业课科目:357英语翻译基础的考试情况；②科目对应专业历年录取统计表：含华工相关专业的历年录取人数与分数线情况；③历年考研真题特点：含华南理工大学考研专业课357英语翻译基础各部分的命题规律及出题风格。

part 2 历年题型分析及对应解题技巧：根据华工357英语翻译基础考试科目的考试题型（汉译英英译汉，句子翻译、篇章翻译等），分析对应各类型题目的具体解题技巧，帮助考生提高针对性，提升答题效率，充分把握关键得分点。

part 3 近年真题分析：最新真题是华工考研中最为珍贵的参考资料，针对最新一年的华南理工大学考研真题试卷展开深入剖析，帮助考生有的放矢，把握真题所考察的最新动向与考试侧重点，以便做好更具针对性的复习准备工作。

part 4 2019考试展望：根据上述相关知识点及真题试卷的针对性分析，提高2019考生的备考与应试前瞻性，令考生心中有数，直抵华工考研的核心要旨。

part 5 华南理工大学考试大纲：①复习教材罗列（官方指定或重点推荐+拓展书目）：不放过任何一个课内、课外知识点。

②官方指定或重点教材的大纲解读：官方没有考试大纲，高分学长学姐为你详细梳理。

③拓展书目说明及复习策略：专业课高分，需要的不仅是参透指定教材的基本功，还应加强课外延展与提升。

part 6 专业课高分备考策略：①考研前期的准备；②复习备考期间的准备与注意事项；③考场注意事项。

part 7 章节考点分布表：罗列华工357英语翻译基础考研专业课试卷中，近年试卷考点分布的具体情况，方便考生知晓华工考研专业课试卷的侧重点与知识点分布，有助于考生更具针对性地复习、强化，快准狠地把握高分阵地。

二、华南理工历年考研真题试卷与答案详解：汇编华工考研专业课考试科目的2011-2018年考研真题试卷，并配有2011-2018年答案详细讲解。

2017年山东大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into the target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one po int for each. (30’)1. UNICEF【答案】联合国儿童基金会2. APEC【答案】亚太经合组织3. FDA【答案】（美）食品及药物管理局4. INTERPOL【答案】国际刑事警察组织5. Tuberculosis【答案】肺结核6. Yasukuni Shrine【答案】靖国神社7. unilateralism【答案】单边主义8. tsunami【答案】海啸9. commercial attaché【答案】商务参赞10. epidemiology【答案】流行病学11. Chinese Academy of Engineering 【答案】中国工程院12. UN Security Council【答案】安理会13. overcapacity【答案】生产能力过剩14. biopsy【答案】活组织检查15. the State Administration of Foreign Exchange【答案】国家外汇管理局16. 固定资产投资【答案】FAI (fixed asset investment)17. 法制【答案】legal system18. 阅兵式【答案】military parade19. 南海【答案】the South China Sea20. 中国工商银行【答案】ICBC (Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)21. 中海油【答案】CNOOC (China National Offshore Oil Corporation)22. 出口退税【答案】tax rebate23. 京剧【答案】Peking Opera24. 孙中山【答案】Sun Yat-sen25. 国事访问【答案】state visit26. 圈径【答案】circle trail27. 行为准则【答案】code of conduct28. 去杠杆过程【答案】deleveraging process29. 天理【答案】justice30. 中等收入陷阱【答案】middle-income trapⅡ. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. If the source text is in English, its target language is Chinese. If the source text is in Chinese, its target language is English. (120’)Source Text 1:Every September, the campuses of Peking and Tsinghua Universities, dubbed the Harvard and M.I.T. of China, brim with bright-eyed new students, the winners of China’s cutthroat education system. These young men and women possess the outlook of cosmopolitan youth worldwide: sporting designer clothes and wielding smartphones, they share experiences of foreign travel and bond over common fondness for Western television shows such as “The Big Bang Theory” and “Sherlock.”They are destined for bright futures: In a few decades, they will fill high-powered positions in government and become executives in state banks and multinational companies. But their ever-expanding career possibilities belie theincreasingly narrow slice of society they represent.China’s state education system, which offers nine years of compulsory schooling and admits students to colleges strictly through exam scores, is often hailed abroad as a paradigm for educational equity. The impression is reinforced by Chinese students’ consistently good performance in international standardized tests. But this reputation is a myth.While China has phenomenally expanded basic education for its people, quadrupling its output of college graduates in the past decade, it has also created a system that discriminates against its less wealthy and poorly connected citizens, thwarting social mobility at every step with bureaucratic and financial barriers.A huge gap in educational opportunities between students from rural areas and those from cities is one of the main culprits. Some 60 million students in rural schools are “left-behind” child ren, cared for by their grandparents as their parents seek work in faraway cities. While many of their urban peers attend schools equipped with state-of-the-art facilities and well-trained teachers, rural students often huddle in decrepit school buildings and struggle to grasp advanced subjects such as English and chemistry amid a dearth of qualified instructors.【参考译文】每年九月，在常被誉为“中国哈佛和M.I.T.”的北京大学和清华大学的校园里，都会遍布神采奕奕的大一新生，他们是从中国千军万马挤独木桥的教育体制中脱颖而出的优胜者。

A young person, especially a female, radiant with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be selfdefeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a moment of doze. Packaging for the middle aged is primarily to conceal the furrows ploughed by time. If you still enjoy life’s exuberance enough to retain self-confidence and pursue pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your charm and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has
22. 扩大内需 【答案】expand domestic demand
23. 资本市场 【答案】capital market
24. 体育彩票 【答案】sports lottery
25. 外交惯例 【答案】diplomatic practice
26. 求同存异 【答案】put aside minor differences so as to seek common ground
2. IQ 【答案】智商（intelligence quotient）
3. CPI 【答案】消费物价指数（Consumer Price Index）

上海大学《357英语翻译基础》专业硕士配套考研真题上海大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Part I (30 points)1．Translate the following English or Chinese terminologies into Chinese or English ones respectively. (20 points)①G20【答案】20国集团@~②经适房【答案】Residence houses for low-and-medium wageearners/Affordable Housing @~③和而不同【答案】Harmonious but Different @~④工业“三废”【答案】three wastes(waste gas, waste water and waste residues) @~⑤保障性住房【答案】indemnificatory housing @~2．What factors do you think need to be taken into consideration when you are commissioned to translate a source text? (10 points)【答案】We should follow two principles—faithfulness and expressiveness. Faithfulness means the full and complete conveying or transmission of the original content or thought. Expressiveness demands that the version must be clear and flowing without any grammatical mistakes or confused logic and sense. @~Part II Put the following passage into Chinese (60 points)TRUE!—nervous—very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses—not destroyed—not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad? Hearken! And observe how healthily —how calmly I can tell you the whole story.It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. Object there was none. Passion there was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye! Yes, it was this! One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture—a pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my blood ran cold; and so by degrees—very gradually—I made up my mind to take the life of the old man, and thus rid myself of the eye forever.Now this is the point. You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing. But you should have seen me. You should have seen how wisely I proceeded—with what caution—with what foresight—with what dissimulation I went to work! I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him. And every night about midnight I turned the latch of his door and opened it—oh, so gently! And then, when I had made an opening sufficient for my head, I put in a dark lantern all closed, closed so that no light shone out, and then I thrust in my head. Oh, you would have laughed to see how cunningly I thrust it in! I moved it slowly —very, very slowly, so that I might not disturb the old man’s sleep. It took me an hour to place my whole head within the opening so far that I could see him as he lay upon his bed. Ha! —would a madman have been so wise as this? And then when my head was well in the room I undid the lantern cautiously —oh, so cautiously —cautiously (for the hinges creaked)—I undid it just so much that a single thin ray fell upon the vulture eye. And this I did for seven long nights—every night just at midnight—but I found the eye always closed, and so it was impossible to do the work, for it was not the old man who vexed me but his Evil Eye. And every morning, when the day broke, I went boldly into the chamber and spoke courageously to him, calling him by name in a hearty tone, and inquiring how he had passed the night. So you see he would have been a very profound old man, indeed, to suspect that every night, just at twelve, I looked in upon him while he slept.Upon the eighth night I was more than usually cautious in opening the door. A watch’s minute hand moves more quickly than did mine. Never before that night had I felt the extent of my own powers—of my sagacity.I could scarcely contain my feelings of triumph. To think that there I was opening the door little by little, and he not even to dream of my secret deeds or thoughts. I fairly chuckled at the idea, and perhaps he heard me, for he moved on the bed suddenly as if startled. Now you may think that I drew back —but no. His room was as black as pitch with the thick darkness (for the shutters were close fastened through fear of robbers), and so I knew that he could not see the opening of the door, and I kept pushing it on steadily, steadily.I had my head in, and was about to open the lantern, when my thumb slipped upon the tin fastening, and the old man sprang up in the bed, crying out—“Who’s there?”.【朱振武译】《泄密的心》真的——紧张——非常紧张，极度紧张，以前，现在，都是这样。