通过纠缠交换实现N粒子任意态的概率传态
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第28卷第5期 2007年10月 发 光 学 报
CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE V01.28 No.5
Oct.,2007
Article ID:1000-7032(2007)05-0651-06 Probabilistic Teleportation of an Arbitrary N—qubit State via Entanglement Swapping
WANG Yi.qi ’ ,FANG Jian.xing ,JIANG Wei.xing ,ZHU Shi—qun (1.Department ofPhysics,Sttz2tou University,Suzhou 215006,China; 2.Wuxi High Normal School,Wuxi 214001,China)
Abstract:Recently。there is much interest in the study of quantum teleportation.Its marvelous security property makes it particularly attractive as potential means for future communication.Uncertain principal and no—cloning theo— ries of quantum mechanics forbid exact copy of quantum states.To solve the problem,quantum teleportation devides message state into two parts:classical message and quantum message which ale transmitted through relevant classical and quantum channels from a sender Alice to a distant receiver Bob,respectively.According to b0tll message states, Bob can recover the original message state tll certain possibility.Utilizing the general quantum teleportation proto— c0l,in this scheme,a new method is presented by which multi—qubit quantum information can be teleported in a much easier way.It has been extended to teleportation of an arbitrary N-qubit state via entanglement swapping and probabilistic teleportation is investigated as well,which has a more general meaning.N non—maximally entangled trip— let GHZ states(Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger),taking the place 0f the previous EPR states(Einstein—Podolsky-Rosen), serve as quantum channels,which avoids introducing extra auxiliary qubit.In order to complete the teleportation, Alice has to devide all qubits into N parts and make Bell—State measurement on qubit pair(i, i)and tell Bob the measurement result th ̄ush classical channel,then Bob perform some simple local operations on qubits(Yi, )to finish teleporting the i-th qubit.Conditioned on N-times similar repeat,Bob Call faithfuly reconstruct the initial state. Results show that,in this method,the identification dificulty of entangled states is considerably reduced,the new method is more feasible in technique.And the total possibility of successful teleportation is 2 n I d‘I 2.As a special case,teleportation of an arbitrary two—qubit state is proposed.
Key words:quantum teleportation;triplet GHZ state;Bell—state measurement CLC number:TN911.74 PACC:4230 Document code:A
1 Introduction Since Bennett et al’s pioneering work…,which
firstly suggested a protocol for teleporting an an— known pure state with the aid ofEPR pair,research groups have attached much attention to quantum tele. portation due to its remarkable applications.A lot of achievements are received both theoretically and ex. perimentally.In theoretical aspect,extended proto— cols have been put forward from single qubit state to
multi.qubit state[2_ 4。.Gu et 0l E2]via two EPR pairs as quantum channel,Gao et al by using a string of generalized Bell states,Dai et al with the aid of a triplet GHZ state and a W state,Deng et al via two triplet GHZ states all have realized teleportation of arbitrary two—qubit state.While Cao et al .Cola M. M E 7。.Lu[8]have made great contributions for
teleporting multi—qubit entangled state.Based on Lee et al’s work_10].which teleported an arbitrary two.
qubit state in cooperation with some four—qubit
Received date:2007-04-25:Revised date:2007 8 2 ・ Foundation item:Projoct supported by the Special Research Foundation for the Doctoral Pl*ogr ̄ql of Higher Education(20050285002): Natural Science Foundation of(0=4l(JBl40l 19) Biography:WANG YiIqi,bom in 1975,male,Jianhsu Province.Assistant Professor.His work focus on quantum comlTlunicati0n. E-mail:wyq757@sina.com,Tel:(0510)82723053 }:Corresponding Author;E-mail:fan6x@suda.edu.ca。Td:(0512)65113943
维普资讯 http://www.cqvip.com 652 发 光 学 报 第28卷 entangled states,Rigolin…developed the protocol to the more general case of an arbitrary N-qubit state.Recently。Zhang[12_proposed a protocol for teleporting an arbitrary N-qubit state with EPR pairs as quantum channe1.In Ref.[11],Rigolin’s protocol increased experimental difficulty.Because the 16 generalized Bell states are difficult to produce and identify under present technology,which directlv leads to low efficiency of teleportation. Hence。we prefer to use the simpler Bell—state measurement(BM).Moreover,most of the previ— ous protocols have to introduce auxiliary qubits, while this process can be optimized by utilizing appropriate quantum channel with the aid of some basic CNOT gates.In this paper,we propose a new protocol for teleporting an arbitrary N—qubit state via N triplet GHZ states as quantum channel,which avoids introducing extra auxihary qubits.Conditioned on N.times similar local operations and classical c0瑚munication。Bob faithfully realized the probabi— listic teleportation.In section two a special case for teleporting arbitrary two—qubit state are shown.On such a basis,we generalize the protocol to arbitrary N-qubit state in section three.The protocol reduces the realization difficulty in experiment due to the ) l GHZ}2 similar repeating operations and the mutually inde。 pendent GHZ triplet channels.At last,in section four we make a concluding summary. 2 Quantum Teleportation of an Arbi— trary Two—qubit State Suppose that Alice holds two message qubits la。 belled by 1 and 2,which are initially in the state l(b)2=01 l 00)12+02 1 01)12+ u3 1 10)12+u4 l 11)12 (1) 4 Coefficients meet 1 0i I =1.It wishes to send the two-qubit information to Bob.This can be real— ized by the following procedure: Firstly,Alice prepares the following entangled state as quantum channe1. ( (2) Here,c and di are real numbers.xiy zi( 1~2) are qubit labels. {belongs to Alice,Yi and are kept by Bob.So the initial joint state is 2 l = I GHZ) .1