2017年英语高考短文改错技能训练(绵中版)

短文改错技能训练 主编：李佩璇 校审：姜博文

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短文改错常见错误类型

1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点常见动词错误类型有：

①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；② and 前后动词时态不一致；③主谓不一致；④缺少动词,特别是be动词；⑤第三人称单数形式错用；⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。

1)They did not want me to do any work at home；they want me to devote all my time to my

studies.(did 改为do属于①)

2)As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.(visiting 改为

visited错误类型属于②)

3) There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于④)

4)One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.(③主谓不一致)

2. 名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。

① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subject 改为subjects)

② Their word were a great encouragement to me.(word 改为words)

③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改为knowledge)

3. 连词错误：连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等 (一般考查从句关系 who/

whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether )。

① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为whose)

② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为and) ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.

④ When I was a child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained.

4. 冠词错误：误用a和an(根据单词的因素来判定)；误用a 和the(固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方)，多余的冠词或则少冠词。

① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配)

② As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants.(mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a )

③ My teacher advised me to keep my dairy. ④ I hope you have pleasant journey.

5. 形容词和副词错误

1) 系动词后用形容词(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel)

2) 词性的误用：形容词修饰名词；修饰实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词

① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名词，所以要用形容词修饰)

② My pronunciation was terribly.

6. 代词错误

1)代词的主格和宾格(I / me； He/him； She/ her； We/ us They/ them )

2)反身代词(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)

3)代词的单数和复数 4)多余的代词和少代词

① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple

English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself )

② One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (加it)

③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. ④

What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.

7. 非谓语动词的常见错误

1)不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。 2)and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)，

短文改错技能训练 主编：李佩璇 校审：姜博文

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3)介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。 4)某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。

① Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk--talking)

② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语改为 going )

③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.

④ I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of

the leaves on the trees.

8. 介词错误：1)词组中的介词误用，2)介词意思理解偏差，3)介词的多用或少用

① There are too many people among my family. (among 改为in in my family 为固定搭配)

② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉 at )

9. 习惯用法要记住，主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识。这也是历年高考常考点，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。

① It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… of

② We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. of

10.逻辑错误须关注，与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误。如称谓上的张冠李戴，人名、地名、时间、方位等方面的错误，常是这类错误的考查对象。

① The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. their

②First, let me tell you something more about myself. 去掉more

11.除了上述错误类型外，常考的错误形式还有：连词but, and, or和so的用法错误(可以归类为逻辑错误)，以及冠词的用法错误等。

① She was smiling but nodding at me. and

② It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. or

③We may be one family and live under a same roof. the

短文改错解题思路和检查原则

1)句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；(句子结构与句子成分) 2)谓语动词的时态、语态；3)非谓语动词的用法；4)名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5)定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6)代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7)定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；8)并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。

短文改错解题四原则

1)改动以最少为原则2)虚词以添加或删除为原则3)实词以改变词形为原则4)以保持句子原意为原则

短文改错解题步骤

1)通读全文，掌握大意 2)整句分析，逐行推敲3)反复通读，复查验证

短文改错技能训练

1、

Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly

Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her

copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher’s office. The teacher was

angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would

need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn’t cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she

punish me?