2017年高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结(含答案)

2017年高考英语全国卷新课标I语法填空真题总结！(2017-06-10 11:56:44)转载▼第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.2017高考英语全国新课标卷一短文改错真题总结！(2017-06-10 13:15:28)转载▼短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

总分：2017 语法填空真题班级：姓名：Cloze12017 全国卷Ⅰ，15 分话题：饮食与健康词数： 196阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,which was started by the medical community( 医学界 )1 a method of fighting heart disease, has hadsome unintended side2(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required3(process) the food that we eat, torecover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt4(remove) from food, thefood tastes as if it is missing something. As5result, people will eat more food to try to make up for thatsomething missing. Even6(bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food7(be) full of fat and salt; by8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in theirdiet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心 ) between meals and willimprove the taste of your food. However, be9(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possibleto have too much of both,10is not good for the health.Cloze22017 全国卷Ⅱ，15 分话题：地下客运铁路词数： 181In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under sevenkilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible1(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and2work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging upthe road,3(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over4top. When all those hadbeen done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines5(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been6(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a greatsuccess and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using7every day.Later,engineers8(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道 ), whichbecame known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the9(introduce)ofelectric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most10(success) ofthese new lines,and was opened in1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and provedextremely popular with the public.Cloze32017 全国卷Ⅲ，15 分话题：上学的同时兼职做模特词数： 196She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to thechallenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term1(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡ 6,500 a day as2model in New York.Sarah3(tell) that she could be Britain’ s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,4has taken part in showsalong with top models, wants5(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carryon with her6(educate).She has turned down several7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school9(come) first. Idon’twant to get too absorbed in modeling. It is10(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. Idon ’ t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can ore." ’ t model any m2017 短文改错高考真题Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分（每个1分）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor ’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speedup!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分（每个1分）Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that ison the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分（每个1分）When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, andalso mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year ofhigh school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying differencekinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings backto me many happy memories of your high school days.2017 年全国卷语法填空真题答案Cloze1本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

高三英语复习资料之短文改错归纳短文改错错误类型:(一) 词法的测试1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。

eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球；sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。

2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词，这里要用名词形式。

3) Reading books is one of my hobby.one of 后的名词应用复数形式。

2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。

1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.2).This is the best film which I have ever seen.先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。

3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.1) I meant to write letter and te ll you all the things…letter为可数名词,故write后应加a.2) I like playing the football. 去the3) He is a honest boy. a改为an4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。

短文改错2017年Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember howhard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car.It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about ahour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetablesin their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically,and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.2012—2016年Correction 1［2016·乙卷(全国Ⅰ)］My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big, but the restaurantis popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had towait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady. Correction 2［2016·甲卷（全国Ⅱ）］The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortablebut there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on atrip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.Correction 3［2016·丙卷（全国Ⅲ）］The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worse years in my life. At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn't seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. Atone time, I even felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.Correction 4［2016·四川］It is Mother's Day today. Though it's a western festival, it's popular in China now.Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. She is a great mother. Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mother's Day. We get up early in the morning. Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping. When he came back, I found a bunch of flowers in her hand. Iasked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen. The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favoritest. At dinner, we said to her, "Happy Mother's Day!" Mom was grateful and moving.Correction 5［2016·浙江］When I was a very young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late. Every time he arrived home at end of the day, we'd greet her at the door. He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers. While they chat, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge. It was both excited and frightening to be up there! My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.Correction6 [2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living ina city, but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.Lotsof studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.Theairs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so, we'll live to regret it.Correction7 [2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into theshop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, "How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried." Tony promised her that this would never happen again.Correction8 [2015·陕西]My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked,"I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits."My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! Correction9 [2015·四川]Hi, Janice,It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and after school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity! In fact, I don't like to go anymore, so I'm afraid I'll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me, wouldyou talk to him?Please help with me and give me some advice.Grace浙江]Correction10 [2015·My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. On the left-hand side of the class, I couldeasy see the football field. In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the backof the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains. On the right sideof the class was the road. I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning. The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.Correction11 [2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since then —for all these year —we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!新课标全国卷Ⅱ]Correction12 [2014·My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn't need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more timewith after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sportsfor one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.浙江]Correction13 [2014·I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise andfilled with people.Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn't findhis ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.陕西]Correction14 [2014·My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals,insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.Just then a bird was flying over us.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.That day I didn't learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!Correction15 [2014·四川]Hello, boys and girls! Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stayclose to your teacher and classmate. Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it's a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tellyour teacher immediately.Correction 16 [2014·辽宁]Dear Jeremy and Alice,Although we've been delighted to have you as neighbors, we're hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog — Cleo.We've called several time about Cleo's early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o'clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.Sincerely,Jack and Rose 新课标全国卷Ⅰ]Correction17 [2013·I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others inour small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. Correction18 [2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]The book I'm reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain. It is said to have started in the early 1800's. Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 o'clock at night. This custom soon becomes another meal of day. Interesting, it had a connection by the British porcelain (瓷器) industry. Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handlesto suit British habits. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.陕西]Correction19 [2013·My grandfather and I enjoy fishing.One Sunday morning we go fishing at a lake. We took ours fishing poles and headed for the lake. As soon as we arrived, so we dropped the lines into the water. Before waiting for about half an hour, I was beginning to get impatiently. I wanted to give up, and my grandfather told me to wait a little longer. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and fish was caught. Within the next few minute,my grandfather also caught a fish.Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. It was delicious.Correction20 [2013·四川]Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let hercopy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me? Correction 21 [2013·辽宁]Mr.Johnson is a hardworking teacher. Every day，he spends too much time with his work.With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning till night. Hard work have made him veryill. "He has ruined his healthy. We are worried about him." That is which other teachers say. Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson.I was eager to see him,but outside her room I stopped. I had to calm myself down.Quietly I step into the room. I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picturewe had taken together. I understood that he missed us just as many as we missed him.Correction 22 [2013·浙江]Dear Diary,Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week?Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained,"He was lucky to find other one."His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love inthe world.To make matters bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring, but I know I'll never fall sleep.Good nightand remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir from my past life and my only friend.Yours,Rosemary Correction 23 [2012·新课标全国]I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.Correction 24 [2012·陕西]My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month.It isin the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath.What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room.I checked my email messages every day.I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing.The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. Correction 25 [2012·辽宁]Dear Diana,Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Anne's friend, Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accidenton the highway and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, wedrove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearlygot knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina offat her parents' and made our own way to home.Much love,Fiona短文改错答案2017年Correction 1①考查序数词。

2017年全国卷1语法填空试题第一时间解析By Chen MingThere has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt。

This trend，which was started by the medical community （医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease,has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease————the very thing the medical community was trying to fight。

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet。

They are required 63 （process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions。

When fat and salt 64 (remove) from the food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 65 result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing。

Even 66 (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up。

Fast food 67 (be） full of fat and salt；by 68 (eat） more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet。

高考英语语法易考知识点最全概括第一讲座：名词---基础篇一、名词的复数：1. 名词变复数的规则形式：1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es：city-------cities family-----families3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es：bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es：tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es：leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的：man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice3. 单数和复数形式相同：deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese4. 某国人的复数：1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词：1. 不可数名词：1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式；4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示；2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词：a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格：1. ’s 所有格：1). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”：This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom.2). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”：These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags.3). 以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“’”,不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加“’s”：Teachers’ Day Children’s Day4). 表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称：at the doctor’s at the Bob’s5). 由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面：This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil.6). 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格：an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital2. of 所有格：1). of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格：the map of China the door of the room2). 双重所有格：of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词He is a friend of my _________(brother ).Is she a daughter of __________(you)?四、名词作句子成分：1. 名词作主语：1). 表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there.2). 量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed.Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.3). 名词+介词（with、but、except、along with、as well as …….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致：The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill.4). 短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则：Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman.2. 名词作定语：1). 名词作定语时，一般用单数形式：There is a shoe factory near the school.2). 名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式：(sport )The sports meeting will be held next week.3). man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变：one man teacher two women teachers第二讲座：名词---提高篇一、名词的单复数：1. 可数名词的复数不规则变化：(1) 单复数同形：deer, sheep, Chinese, means, series, species, works, headquarters(2) 形单意复：people, police, youth, cattle, staff(3) 形复意单：news, physics, politics, maths(4)合成词变复数：passer­by→passers­by, son­in­law→sons­in-law, looker­on→lookers­on, go­between→go-betweens, grown­up→grown­ups(5) 词形变化：man→men, child→children，tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice，medium→media2. 不可数名词的数：(1) 有些抽象名词在具体化时，以复数形式出现；表示特指时，可以和定冠词连用；表示“某种”或“一次”的意义时，可以和不定冠词连用：in surprise“惊讶地”，a surprise“一件令人惊讶的事”；win success“获得成功”，a success“一个/件成功的人/事”；by experience“靠经验”，an experience“一次经历”；with pleasure“乐意”，a p leasure“一件乐事”。

201７年高考英语语法填空与短文改错知识点归纳总结(含答案）一、名词的数语法填空1． (2017 全国 I 卷 62) Tｈiｓtｒend, ...,has had somｅuｎintended side62 (efｆecｔ) sucｈａs overweight and ｈｅart disease—the ｖery thingｔhｅmediｃal cｏmmunity ｗａs trｙing to fｉｇhｔ．解析:eｆｆｅｃｔs表示“一些意料外的副作用”，故用复数。

2. (2０1７全国ＩI 卷 61) It rａn for just uｎder seven kiloｍｅters and aｌｌowedpeoｐｌe tｏaｖoid terｒｉbｌｅ61 (crowd) oｎｔhe roadｓ.．.解析:crｏwdｓ避免拥挤的人群。

3. （2017 全国IＩI卷 6７) Ｓhe ｈas tuｒnedｄowｎsevｅrａl 67 (ｉnviｔａtion）to star at sｈｏwｓｉn oｒｄer ｔo cｏncｅntrａte oｎheｒsｔudiｅs.解析：ｉnvitatiｏｎs由前面的severａｌ可知,要用复数形式。

短文改错lｅft!”解析:ｗord－*words后面有并列的三句话,故word用复数woｒds。

nｅt.解析：ｉｎfoｒmatioｎs-ｉnforｍatioｎ因iｎforｍａtion是不可数名词,没有复数形式。

二、代词阅读理解Sｏｍe of the ｗoｒld’ｓmost fａmous musiｃiａns ｒｅceｎtly gａｔhereｄin Paris aｎｄNeｗＯrleans to ceｌｅbrａte thｅfirst aｎnｕal ＩnternationaｌＪazz Ｄａy.．.Ｄespｉte tｈe cｅleｂratiｏｎs, though,inｔｈe U.Ｓ. thｅjaｚz aｕｄience contｉｎues ｔo shrink anｄgｒow older，aｎd ｔhｅmusic haｓfaｉlｅdｔｏ conｎeｃt with ｙounｇer genｅrations.r jａｚz, Moraｎhopｅs to ｗidｅn ｔhe auｄieｎｃe fｏr jazz，ｍake the music moｒe accessibｌe，aｎd prｅｓerve ｉtｓhisｔory and cｕｌture．２9．What does tｈeｕndｅｒｌinedｗoｒd “ｔhat”iｎＰａragraｐｈ 3 refeｒtｏ？Ａ. Jazz becomiｎg mｏre aｃcｅsｓible.Ｂ． Theｐroductiｏn ｏf jazｚgｒｏｗiｎg faｓter.C. Jazzｂｅing less ｐｏpulａr with ｔｈｅyoung．Ｄ． The ｊaｚz ａudiｅnce ｂecoming lａrger.解析:指代前句中即前一段的最后一句中的the music haｓｆailｅdｔo connect6wｉｔh youｎger ｇｅnerａti onｓ,比较各选项,只有C正确。

【考纲解读】考纲解读要求错误类型给出一篇约100词的短文，文中有10处错误，要求考生对每个句子进行判断，如有错误将其改正。

错误类型包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等方面的错误。

每句中最多有两处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

考查考生发现、判断、纠正文章错误的能力，进而考查学生的词法、句法及行文逻辑等方面的水平。

短文改错中常见的错误类型：1. 动词的形(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词)；2. 名词的数(单、复数)和格(主格、宾格、所有格)；3. 冠词(不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词)和代词；4. 形容词和副词；5. 介词(短语)；6. 连接词(并列连词、从属连词)。

高考短文改错着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。

此题型不仅要求考生牢固的掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。

它针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。

【试题特点】一般来说，短文改错的语言材料通常来自考生文章或类似于考生习作的文章。

所选材料篇幅较短，约100词左右，10—12个句子；难度不大，基本上无生僻的词汇和语法结构。

短文改错的话题较常见，通常是叙述一个事情或说明一个事物。

从体裁上看，历年高考试题中的短文改错以记叙文和应用文为主，兼顾说明文和议论文。

通常从词法，句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，错误类型有多词，缺词，和错词三种，比例一般为错词：多词：缺词=8（7）：1（2）：1短文改错：近三年的对比分析2014—2016年英语新课标全国I卷短文改错考向双向细目表项目年份2014年2015年2016年体彩记叙文议论文（随笔）记叙文【备考启示】（1）要学会分析句子结构，尤其是较复杂的句子，弄清词性与句子成分之间的关系，多从语法角度考虑语言运用的准确性，不要随便改变词义（行文逻辑错误除外），纠正错误要从同根词上考虑，如词性、词形变化等。

总分：2017语法填空真题班级：姓名：Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分话题：饮食与健康词数：196阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has hadsome unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medicalcommunity was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, torecover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, thefood tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for thatsomething missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7(be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in theirdiet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and willimprove the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possibleto have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.Cloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分话题：地下客运铁路词数：181In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under sevenkilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging upthe road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those hadbeen done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a greatsuccess and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), whichbecame known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) ofelectric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) ofthese new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and provedextremely popular with the public.Cloze 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分话题：上学的同时兼职做模特词数：196She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to thechallenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as2 model in New York.Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in showsalong with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carryon with her 6 (educate).She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. Idon’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. Iore."don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any m2017短文改错高考真题Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分（每个1分）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speedup!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分（每个1分）Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hourand a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分（每个1分）When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, andalso mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds ofcars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.2017年全国卷语法填空真题答案Cloze 1本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

高考英语复习语法填空＋短文改错组合练(一)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2017·河南开封一模)At the last weekend of November, I drove to Fragrant Hills Park to see red leaves with my wife. Although the park announced it closed __1__ (it) yearly Red Leaf Festival early on November 13, it was still very crowded. It __2__ (report) that it received more than one million visitors during the Red Leaf Festival.We were told four ways to the top of the mountain, each of __3__ took 60 minutes to complete. We chose one way to get to the top. __4__ (see) from the top, it looked very beautiful. __5__ colorful the mountain is! Some trees were all red and some were covered __6__ yellow. The yellow leaves were especially golden and __7__ (enjoy). Then we visited Glazed Pagoda, Snow­On­the­West Mountain and so on. I think they were all __8__ (well) worth visiting than many other attractions.On the way, we met an old couple who came from America. They said that they had traveled in China for several __9__ (month) and China was very great and beautiful. When I heard what they said, I was feeling __10__ (pride) as a Chinese.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：香山公园赏红叶【语篇导读】文章向我们介绍了作者驾车去香山公园赏红叶的所见、所闻及所感。

2013-2017近五年高考英语全国卷 I 短文改错汇总 （附答案）2013年第一节第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：把缺词处叫个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

处起）不计分。

I hardly remember my grandmother. She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs. I was only four when she passes away. She is just a distant memory for me now.I remember my grandfather very much. He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful. In a fact, he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me. However, he was the gentlest man I have never known.2014年第一节第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

总分：2017语法填空真题班级：姓名：Cloze 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，15分话题：饮食与健康词数：196阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.Cloze 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，15分话题：地下客运铁路词数：181In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.Cloze 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，15分话题：上学的同时兼职做模特词数：196She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 2 model in New York.Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 6 (educate).She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any m ore."2017短文改错高考真题Correction 1 2017全国卷Ⅰ，10分（每个1分）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard 0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全国卷Ⅱ，10分（每个1分）Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全国卷Ⅲ，10分（每个1分）When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.2017年全国卷语法填空真题答案Cloze 1本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

高考英语短文改错题一、短文改错的复习重点1.考生必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。

⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。

⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。

⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。

2.考生平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。

短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。

考生在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。

二、对全文的宏观把握学生应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。

在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。

三、从语法角度审查1.查看时态是否一致My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。

2.查看主谓是否一致Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。

3.查指代是否一致The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。

4.查平行结构是否平行一致。

由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。

语法填空+短文改错组合练（三）题组(一)I.语法填空(2017•四川绵阳第二次诊断)There is a tradition in my school that when the College Entrance Examination is less than a month away, students in the _1_ (low) grades, from Senior 1 to Senior 2, all gather together on the gro und in front of the teachi ng buildi ng and cheer on the Senior 3 students who are standing upstairs. It wasn't until I _2_ (person) took part in the activity that I understood the real _3_ (mean) of it.I was in Senior 2 at the time. _4_ that special night, all the Senior 3 students stood in the corridors (走廊)and looked down at the younger students below. _5_ (vary) cheers started to resound throughout the school, wave after wave. "Believe in yourself! You deserve to win !"_6_ (see) every one's smiling faces aro und me, I thought of _7_ famous quote from the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau : What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you become by achieving your goals.Soon it will be my turn to _8_ (bless) in this way, _9_ also means I will have to say goodbye to my school. Sad as it will be f being cheered on by so many students will still be one of the brightest _10_ (time) of my life.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：为高三学生加油【语篇导读】作者讲述了自己学校为即将参加高考的高三学生加油鼓励的独特方式: 高三的学生站在楼上的走廊上，高一和高二的学生在楼下大声为他们加油，曾经为别人加油的自己如今成了被别人祝福的高三学生面对毕业虽然伤感但是还是很高兴有这样的时刻。