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小学英语语法-祈使句

小学英语语法-祈使句
小学英语语法-祈使句

1祈使句(Imperative Sentence)

1.1 定义

用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束,读时用降调。例:

Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令)

Be quiet, please.(Please be quiet.)(请安静。——请求)

Be kind to our sister. (对姊妹要和善。——劝告)

Watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告)

Look out!Danger!(小心!危险!——强烈警告)

Keep off the grass. (勿践草坪。——禁止)

No parking. (禁止停车。——禁止)

No eating or drinking. (禁止吃喝。——禁止)

No littering. (禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止)

祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如:

You go and tell him, Chris. (克立斯去告诉他。)

1.2 概念口诀

祈使句无主语,主语you常省去;

动词原形谓语当,句首加don't变否定;

朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。

1.3 表现形式

1.3.1肯定句

1.Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。

有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。

2.Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子!

3.Let型(即:Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。

1.3.2否定句

1.Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成:如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!

Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到!

是系表结构——也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种——使用Don't be

有行为动词的就不能这么用,只能用Don't

2.Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let +宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

1.4 练习

将下列汉语翻译成英语。

1. 请照看好您的包。___________________.

2. 让我们去学校吧!___________________!

3. 亲爱的,高兴点儿!___________________!

4. 不要把书放这儿。___________________.

5. 不要让猫进来。___________________.

6.禁止吸烟。____________!

Key:

1.Please look after your bag.

2.Let's go to school.

3.Be glad, dear

4.Don't put the book here .

5.Don't let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in . 6.No smoking!

英语语法:祈使句

英语语法:祈使句1含有第二人称主语的祈使句 Be careful!小心! Don't make such a noise.不要这么吵。 1.肯定的祈使句 a.句型:动词原形~.(省略主语) Stand up.起立。 Be quiet,please.请安静。 b.有时,为了增强语气,能够在动词之前加do Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。 比较 祈使句和陈述句 陈述句: You sit down. 你坐下来。 祈使句: Sit down.坐下

(省略主语you) c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。 Go this way,please. 请这边走。 d.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming,come here. 李明,过来。 Come here,Li Ming. 过来,李明。 2.否定的祈使句 句型:Don't +动词原形~ Don't swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。 Don't be late.别迟到。 Please don't be noisy. 请不要大声喧哗。 注意 表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。 No smoking. 禁止吸烟。

No parking. 禁止停车。 句型转换 祈使句与陈述句的改写 1.祈使句=You must …(陈述句) Come here .过来。 =You must come here . 你必须过来。 Don't do that again. 你一定不能够再那样做了。 2.Please +祈使句=Will you (please) ~?(陈述句)Please help me .请帮帮我。 =Will you (please) help me? 你愿意帮我的忙吗? Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。 =Will you (please) come here on time ? 请你准时到好吗? 2含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句 Let's say good-by here. 我们在此道别吧。 Don't let him do that again.

祈使句语法及练习题

祈使句 祈使句指の是表示命令、請求、建議或勸告の句子。其主語you常省略,謂語動詞用原形,句末用感嘆號或句號,讀降調。 1. 肯定の祈使句 (1)動詞原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 請起立。 (2)Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一個好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 當心! (3)Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分 Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。 Let’s go to school together. 咱們一起上學去吧 。 2. 否定の祈使句 (1) Don't + 動詞原形 Don't stand up. 別站起來。 Don't be careless. 別粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。 (2)Let型の否定式有兩種:“Don't + let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”和“Let + 賓語 + not + 動詞原形 + 其他成分”。 Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。 Let them not play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。(3)no開頭,用來表示禁止性の祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚! 3. 祈使句の強調形式,通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動詞Do。 例如:Do shut up! 快住口! 4. 祈使句の回答祈使句の動作通常是表示將來發生の動作,所以回答祈使句時,一般用 will或won’t。 在回答具有否定意義の祈使句時,要注意兩點: 1)形式一致(即Yes與will保持一致;No與won’t保持一致) 2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”の意思;No是“是”の意思)。在回答時,要注意分析上 下文語境中所提供の條件。 如:--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 請不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行,我得去機場接我弟弟。 5. 祈使句の反意疑問句 (1) 肯定祈使句の反意疑問句反問部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 請把門打開,好嗎? (2) 否定祈使句の反意疑問句反問部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 別再遲到了,行不行? (3) 以let's開頭の祈使句反意疑問句反問部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我們把電視打開,好嗎? <特別注意> 只有以let's開頭の祈使句の反意疑問句の反問部分才用shall we,而let us 開頭の祈使句の反意疑問句の反問部分應為will you或won't you.如:Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 請(你)讓我們留在這好嗎?

祈使句语法复习课程

一. 祈使句的句式特征 祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。例如:Keep off the grass!勿踩草地! Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。 二. 祈使句的肯定句式 祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型: 1. 行为动词原形+其他成分。例如: Make sentences after the model.根据例句造句。 2. Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。例如: Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。 3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。例如: Let him go back now.让他现在回去吧。 三. 祈使句的否定句式 祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never,一般分为以下四种类型: 1. 在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don’t,构成“Don’t+行为动词原形+其他成分”。例如: Don’t say that again!别再那样说了! 2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don’t,构成“Don’t be+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)”。例如:Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 注意:在这种句型中be不能省略;否定副词not不可置于be之后。 3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种:(1)Let开头的祈使句,如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,可在Let前加Don’t,也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。(2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句,必须在Let’s 后加not。例如: Don’t let me go with her tomorrow. =Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。 Let’s not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们碰到她,都不要告诉她真相。 4. 在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用“No+名词/V-ing形式”结构,表示“禁止做某事”。例如: NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照! 四. 祈使句的反意问句 祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式: 1. 祈使句为肯定句式,其反意疑问句表示请求时,通常用will you;表示邀请、劝说时,用won’t you。例如:Be sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗? Come to have dinner with us this evening, won’t you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭,好吗? 2. 祈使句为否定句式,其反意疑问句通常只用will you。例如: Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗? 3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Let’s用shall we外,其他均用will you。例如:

初中英语语法大全:祈使句

初中英语语法大全:祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹号或者句号,用降调。 1含有第二人称主语的祈使句 Be careful!小心! Don“t make such a noise.不要这么吵。 1.肯定的祈使句 a.句型:动词原形~.(省略主语) Stand up.起立。 Be quiet,please.请安静。 b.有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。 比较 祈使句和陈述句 陈述句: You sit down. 你坐下来。 祈使句:

Sit down.坐下 (省略主语you) c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“,”。 Go this way,please. 请这边走。 d.祈使句中如果有唤语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开,放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming,come here. 李明,过来。 Come here,Li Ming. 过来,李明。 2.否定的祈使句 句型:Don“t +动词原形~ Don“t swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。 Don“t be late.别迟到。 Please don“t be noisy. 请不要大声喧哗。 注意 表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。 No smoking.

禁止吸烟。 No parking. 禁止停车。 句型转换 祈使句与陈述句的改写 1.祈使句=You must…(陈述句) Come here .过来。=You must come here . 你必须过来。 Don“t do that again. 你一定不可以再那样做了。 2.Please +祈使句=Will you (please)~?(陈述句)Please help me .请帮帮我。 =Will you (please) help me? 你愿意帮我的忙吗? Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。 =Will you (please) come here on time ? 请你准时到好吗? 2含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句 Let“s say good-by here. 我们在此道别吧。 Don“t let him do that again.

小学英语句型详解之祈使句

小学英语句型详解之祈使句 1.肯定的祈使句结构 (1)be+形容词/名词 例:Be quiet for a moment.请安静一会 (2)实义动词原形+其他成分 例:Made your own rules.给自己制定规划 (3)let+宾语+动词原形+其他 例:Let's run to the police station on fourth street.我们跑去第四大街上的警察局吧 2.否定句的祈使句的结构 (1)Don't+动词原形 例:Don't eat in the classroom.不要在教室里吃东西 (2)Let's+ not+动词原形 例:Let's not say anything about it.对于这件事,咱们什么也不要说 (3)用否定副词never构成,以加强否定含义 例:Never judge a person by looks.绝不能以貌取人 3. 常见祈使句 Go and wash your hands. (去洗你的手。——命令) Be quiet, please. (Please be quiet.)(请安静。——请求)

Be kind to our sister. (对我们的姐妹们要和善。——劝告)Watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告) Look out!Danger!(小心!危险!——强烈警告,如感叹句)Keep off the grass. (勿践草坪。——禁止) No parking. (禁止停车。——禁止) No eating or drinking. (禁止吃喝。——禁止) No littering. (禁止乱扔垃圾。——禁止) 4. 祈使句口诀 祈使句无主语,主语you常省去; 动词原形当谓语,Don't句首变否定; 朗读应当用降调,句末常标感叹号。

最新初中英语语法知识—祈使句的全集汇编含答案解析

一、选择题 1.Summer is coming. Please______ play near the river, It's very dangerous. A.can't B.no C.don't 2.The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A.Don’t B.Don’t be C.Not D.Doesn’t 3.Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.will practice 4.Just______straight and turn left. A.go B.to go C.going 5.Tina, _____________the room by yourself. A.cleans B.will clean C.cleaned D.clean 6.Let’s _____TV. That _____boring. Can we go out to play games? A.watching,sounds B.watch,sound C.watching,sound D.watch,sounds 7.Take more exercise, you will be healthier. A.but B.or C.and 8.—____ —C-O-L-O-R. A.What's this? B.What color is it? C.Spell it, please. 9.-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A.No,I'm not B.Thank you C.That's all right D.That's a good idea 10.Hey, James,__________on the wall. A.doesn't draw B.didn't draw C.don't draw D.drew 11.Please let me ________you if you meet trouble. A.help B.to help C.helps D.helping 12.Don’t _______TV too much . It’s bad for your eyes . A.watch B.watched C.watching D.to watch 13.________the key card in your hotel room. Leave it at the reception desk. A.No leave B.Not leave C.Don't leave D.No leaving 14.Tom, your homework all t he time. It’ not good for your eyes. A.not do B.doesn’t do C.don’t do D.isn’t do 15.________ for me at the bus station across from the post office. I can find you easily.

初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点总复习有答案(1)

一、选择题 1.Hey, James,__________on the wall. A.doesn't draw B.didn't draw C.don't draw D.drew 2.late for class again, Ann. A.Don’t be B.Can’t C.Don’t D.Be 3.good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A.Taking B.To take C.Taken D.Take 4.______ talk in the library. A.Don’t B.Not C.Not to 5.Please _____ look outside. Look at the black board. A.not B.don’t C.aren’t D.can’t 6.Peter, ______ more if you want to get high scores in the P.E. test next month. A.practice B.practices C.practicing D.will practice 7.—Hurry up, you will miss the first train of Beijing S2! —OK. I can't wait to see the Great Wall. A.or B.so C.and D.But 8.Be quick, ______ you will be late for the school art festival . A.and B.or C.but D.so 9.___________really hard, and you can realize your dream of becoming an astronaut. A.Works B.To work C.Working D.Work 10.—______________. —G-R-E-E-N, green. A.What's this? B.What color is it? C.Spell it, please. 11.________ the steps, and you can find it convenient to buy things with the mobile phone. A.Follow B.To follow C.Following 12.Don’t _____your children_____other children . A.comparing; to B.compare;with C.compare;to D.comparing;with 13.-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A.No,I'm not B.Thank you C.That's all right D.That's a good idea 14.—Could you take me to the cinema? I want to see the movie named Pacific Rim (《环太平洋》). —______ your homework first, and then we’ll talk about it. A.Finish B.Finished

小学英语祈使句练习题

祈使句练习 一、单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it 2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 二、用适当形式填空 1.It’s an important meeting. __________ (not, be )late. 2.___________ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping. 3.____________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and __________ (be) polite. 4.___________ ( not, talk) and _______(read) aloud. 5.___________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6.____________ (look) out! A car is coming.

祈使句语法

祈使句的常见用法 几种形式: 1. 肯定祈使句(谓语动词用动词原形)。 Be careful!小心! 2. 否定祈使句(在谓语动词前加Do not / Don't / Never)。 Don't open the door. 不要开门。 3. Let开头的祈使句(Let's / Let sb +动词原形)。 Let me have a try. 让我试试吧。 4. “No +名词或动名词”也可以构成祈使句。用于“指示标牌、布告”等,意为“禁止、不许”。 No spitting!不准随地吐痰! No admittance except on business! 非公莫入! 5. 无动词祈使句。有些用于口号、告示的祈使句不用动词,使语言更加简洁明了。如: After you! 您先请! Bottoms up! 干杯! 注意: 1. 祈使句一般不出现主语you。但是,为了加强语气或要特别指明向谁提出命令或要求时,需加主语you,有时还可以同时加称呼语。如:Tom, you water the flowers! 汤姆,你浇花! Come in, everybody! 大家都进来! 2. 祈使句后也可加简略问句,不表示反义,而是表示语气。如: Show me how to use this water pump, won't you? 教我怎样使用这台抽水泵,好吗?Let's make sure the lights are turned off and the door is locked, shall / shan't we? 让我们核实一下是否关灯和锁门了,好吗? Let me tidy the lab instead of you, may I? 我替你收拾实验室,好吗? 3. 祈使句也可用于表示祝愿。如: Wish you a good journey. 祝你旅途愉快。 Allow me to propose a toast to our friendship!为我们的友谊干杯!

初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点总复习含答案解析(1)

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Don’t look at your books. 不要看书。 2)Let引起的祈使句的否定形式。 a. Let's ( Let s b. ) + not + 动词原形。 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事,咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 b. Don’t+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他。 Don’t let Jim do that. 别让吉姆做那事。 Don’t let us go, please. 请不要让我们走。 3)在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用“No+名词/ V-ing形式”结构,表示“禁止做某事”。 例如:NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照!No parking! 禁止停车! 祈使句的反意疑问句。 1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开,好吗? Be sure to write to us, will/ won’t you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗? 2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了,行不行? Don’t smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?

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小学英语语法句法

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