定语从句（一）一.形容词作定语与从句作定语作比较。
I don’t like lazy people.I don’t like people who is lazy.二.先行词与关系代词1.I don’t like people who never keep their work.2.I like guys who aren’t serious and who have a good sense of humor.3.He said that he had no time, which isn’t true.被定语从句修饰的对象称为先行词重复指代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用，并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词The ruler of an kingdom warned that any man that did not tell the truth would be punished .三.关系词在从句中充当的成分1.用作主语（注：定语从句一般要紧跟在它所修饰的名词后面；定语从句中的谓语动词形式是由关系词所指代的先行词来决定的。
）The woman who lives next door is a famous dancer.(The woman is a famous dancer and she lives next door. )2.I like guys and they have a good sense of humor.3.Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments.4.There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so, butthe person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool.5.I’m talking about friends about who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living.2.用作动词的宾语1.I’ d really like to find a friend and I can trust him completely. I’d rally like to find a friend who I can trust (him?) completely.2.It’s hard to have a friend and you can trust him completely.3.He is the best teacher who I have never seen.4.He is the student who teacher likes to praise for his hard work.3.作从句中介词的宾语1.I’m talking about friends and you can share almost everything with them.I’m talking about friends who you can share almost everything (with them).2.I hope I never have a boss and I can talk to him about my problems.3.I’d prefer someone who I have sth. in common with--- who I can talk ( ) easily.4.I like the people who I work ( ).(作宾语的关系词可以省去)三.关系代词与先行词的搭配关系(一).关系代词：who, whom which, that 和whose1.指“人”关系代词 who 和whom 的区别（1）who 的前面不能与介词搭配使用The engineer with (who; whom) my father works is about 50 years old.(2 ) whom 在定语从句不能做主语，但可作宾语或表语。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句概念引入He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。
I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree.(我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。
)Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook.我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人She was not on the train which arrived just now。
她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上语法点拨什么是定语从句？修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。
引导定语从句的关系词有：关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that关系副词：when, where, why我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句：1. This is our school. It is beautiful.→This is our school which is beautiful.2. This is our school. We study in our school.→This is our school which we study in.→This is our school in which we study.→This is our school where we study.3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber.→Do you know the room which is made of amber?4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news.→I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出：先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。
