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Gene networks involved in drought stress response and tolerance

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JournalofExperimentalBotany,Vol.58,No.2,pp.221–227,2007IntegratedApproachestoSustainandImprovePlantProductionunderDroughtStressSpecialIssuedoi:10.1093/jxb/erl164AdvanceAccesspublication30October,2006

SPECIALISSUEPAPERGenenetworksinvolvedindroughtstressresponseand

tolerance

KazuoShinozaki1,*andKazukoYamaguchi-Shinozaki2,31RIKENPlantScienceCenter,1-7-22Suehiro-cho,Tsurumi-ku,Yokohama,203-0045Japan

2LaboratoryofPlantMolecularPhysiology,GraduateSchoolofAgriculturalandLifeSciences,TheUniversityof

Tokyo,1-1Yayoi,Bunkyo-ku,Tokyo,113-8657Japan3BiologicalResourcesDivision,JapanInternationalResearchCenterforAgriculturalSciences(JIRCAS),

1-1Ohwashi,Tsukuba,Ibaraki,305-8686Japan

Received10December2005;Accepted22August2006

AbstractPlantsrespondtosurviveunderwater-deficitconditionsviaaseriesofphysiological,cellular,andmolecularprocessesculminatinginstresstolerance.Manydrought-induciblegeneswithvariousfunctionshavebeenidentifiedbymolecularandgenomicanalysesinArabidopsis,rice,andotherplants,includinganumberoftranscriptionfactorsthatregulatestress-induciblegeneexpression.Theproductsofstress-induciblegenesfunctionbothintheinitialstressresponseandinestablishingplantstresstolerance.Inthisshortreview,recentprogressresultingfromanalysisofgeneexpressionduringthedrought-stressresponseinplantsaswellasinelucidatingthefunctionsofgenesimplicatedinthestressresponseand/orstresstoler-ancearesummarized.AdescriptionisalsoprovidedofhowvariousgenesinvolvedinstresstolerancewereappliedingeneticengineeringofdehydrationstresstoleranceintransgenicArabidopsisplants.

Keywords:Droughtstress,geneexpression,microarray,stresstolerance,molecularbreeding.

IntroductionDroughtstressinducesarangeofphysiologicalandbio-chemicalresponsesinplants.Theseresponsesincludestomatalclosure,repressionofcellgrowthandphotosynthe-

sis,andactivationofrespiration.Plantsalsorespondandadapttowaterdeficitatboththecellularandmolecularlevels,forinstancebytheaccumulationofosmolytesandproteinsspecificallyinvolvedinstresstolerance.Anassortmentofgeneswithdiversefunctionsareinducedorrepressedbythesestresses(Shinozakietal.,2003;BartelsandSunkar,2005;Yamaguchi-ShinozakiandShinozaki,2005).Mostoftheirgeneproductsmayfunctioninstressresponseandtoleranceatthecellularlevel.Significantly,theintroductionofmanystress-induciblegenesviagenetransferresultedinimprovedplantstresstolerance(Zhangetal.,2004;Umezawaetal.,2006a).Recently,anumberofstress-induciblegeneshavebeenidentifiedusingmicroarrayanalysisinvariousplantspecies,suchasArabidopsisandrice.Now,analysingthefunctionsofthesegenesiscriticaltofurtherourunder-standingofthemolecularmechanismsgoverningplantstressresponseandtolerance,ultimatelyleadingtoenhancementofstresstoleranceincropsthroughgeneticmanipulation.Droughttriggerstheproductionofthephytohormoneabscisicacid(ABA),whichinturncausesstomatalclosureandinducesexpressionofstress-relatedgenes.Severaldrought-induciblegenesareinducedbyexogenousABAtreatment,whereasothersarenotaffected.Indeed,evidenceexistsdemonstratingthepresenceofbothABA-indepen-dentandABA-dependentregulatorysystemsgoverningdrought-induciblegeneexpression(Yamaguchi-ShinozakiandShinozaki,2005).Bothcis-actingandtrans-actingre-gulatoryelementsfunctioninginABA-independentand/or

*Towhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed.E-mail:sinozaki@rtc.riken.jpAbbreviations:ABA,abscisicacid;ABRE,abscisicacid-responsiveelement;DRE,dehydration-responsiveelement;EST,expressedsequencetag;JA,jasmonicacid;LEA,lateembryogenesisabundant.

ªTheAuthor[2006].PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress[onbehalfoftheSocietyforExperimentalBiology].Allrightsreserved.ForPermissions,pleasee-mail:journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

by guest on October 25, 2010jxb.oxfordjournals.orgDownloaded from ABA-responsivegeneexpressioninducedbydroughtstresshavebeenpreciselyanalysedatthemolecularlevel(Yamaguchi-ShinozakiandShinozaki,2005).Thisshortarticlesummarizesrecentresultsobtainedthroughtran-scriptomeanalysisofdrought-induciblegeneexpressioninArabidopsisandriceusingmicroarrays,includinginforma-tionsupportingpotentialfunctionsofdrought-induciblegenesinstressresponseandtolerance.Examplesarealsocitedofhowdrought-induciblegenesareutilizedinimprovementofdrought-stresstolerancebygenetransfer.Thespecificfunctionsofthesegenesinstresstolerancearealsodiscussed,mainlyinArabidopsis.

Transcriptomeanalysisofdrought-induciblegenesinArabidopsisandriceusingmicroarrays

MicroarraytechnologyemployingcDNAsoroligonucleo-tidesisapowerfultoolforanalysinggeneexpressionprofilesofplantsexposedtoabioticstressessuchasdrought,highsalinity,orcold,ortoABAtreatment(Sekietal.,2001,2002a,b;Krebsetal.,2002).Therearetwopredominantvarietiesofmicroarraytechnologyavailable,thecDNAmicroarray(Sekietal.,2001,2002a,b)andtheoligonucleo-tidemicroarray,themostprominentbeingtheAffimetrixGeneChip(Krepsetal.,2002).A7000full-lengthcDNAmicroarraywasutilizedtoidentify299drought-induciblegenes,54cold-induciblegenes,213highsalinity-induciblegenes,and245ABA-induciblegenesinArabidopsis(Sekietal.,2002a,b).Morethanhalfofthesedrought-induciblegeneswerealsoinducedbyhighsalinityand/orABAtreatments,implicatingsignificantcross-talkbetweenthedrought,highsalinity,andABAresponsepathways.Incontrast,only10%ofthedrought-induciblegeneswerealsoinducedbycoldstress.Thousandsofstress-induciblegeneswereidentifiedusingtheAffimetrixGeneChiparraycontainingoligonucleotidesrepresenting~8000independentArabidopsisgenes(Krepsetal.,2002).Thestress-induciblegenesidentifiedfromthecDNAmicroarrayanalysisdidnotcoincidewiththoserecognizedthroughGeneChipanalyses.Thisdiscrepancyinresultsisprimarilyduetodifferencesbetweenthesetsofgenesarrayedinthetwosystems(only1919geneswerearrayedinbothsystems),aswellasdisparitiesinplantgrowthandstresstreatmentconditions(Maruyamaetal.,2004).Recently,theAtGenExpressprojectassayedtheArabidopsistranscriptomeusingtheAffymetrix23000ATH1GeneChip,generatingthousandsoftran-scriptomedatapointsidentifyinggenesexpressedinvarioustissuesandunderdefinedgrowthconditions,stressinduction,andphytohormonetreatment(Schmidetal.,2005).RicegeneexpressioninresponsetohighsalinitystresswasfirstanalysedusingcDNA[expressedsequencetag(EST)]microarraytechnology(Kawasakietal.,2001).Recently,stress-induciblegenesinricewereanalysedusingamicroarrayincluding~1700independentricecDNAs(ESTs).ThesecDNAswereharvestedfromriceplants

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转GmAREB基因提高拟南芥的干旱、氧化胁迫耐性

转GmAREB基因提高拟南芥的干旱、氧化胁迫耐性

转GmAREB基因提高拟南芥的干旱、氧化胁迫耐性高世庆;陈明;徐兆师;唐益苗;李连城;马有志;赵昌平【摘要】Abiotic stresses such as drought, high-salt and low temperature severely affect the yield and quality of crops. It is reported that subfamily A of alkalescence leucine zipper transcription factors (basic leucine zipper, bZIP) mainly participated in response to ABA, drought, high salt and oxidative stresses, plays vital roles in stress signal transduction, downstream gene expression regulation and improvement of anti-adversity in plants. In this study, soybean (Glycine max) cv. Tiefeng 8 with salt tolerance was used to isolate and obtain a bZIP transcription factor gene by electronic assembly methods, which was named as GmAREB (Glycine max ABA responsive element binding protein). This gene was composed of 1 317 nucleotides and encoded 439 amino acids. Sequence analysis showed that there were four putative phosphorylation sites (C1,C2, C3, C4), a nuclear localization signal region (KVVE) and a conservative bZIP domain. Homology and phylogenetic trees displayed that CmAREB had the higher homology and more close relationships with Arabidopsis ABF2 and rice TRAB 1. To study the combining characteristics of transcription factors and DNA, we carried out electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiment and the results displayed that GmAREB could specifically bind the ABRE cis-element in vivo. Functional identification of stress treatments showed that the survival rate of 35S∷GmAREB transgenic plants treated by drought was higher (50％) than that (5％) ofwild type. Stomatal observation displayed that the stomatal aperture of transgenic Arabidopsis (0.8 μm) was less than that of control (2.6 μm) under the drought stress for 2 h. The 35S::GmAREB transgenic plants were treated with methyl viologen (MV) to identify the oxidative stress tolerance of the GmAREB gene. Statistical analysis showed that transgenic Arabidopsis maintained higher chlorophyl content (7.3 mg g-1 FW) than that of the wild-type. RT-PCR analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis showed that GmAREB overexpression enhanced the expression of downstream stress-related target genes (AB11, AB12) and suppressed the stomatal opening-related target genes (KAT1, KAT2). Therefore, GmAREB overexpression effectively regulated the expression of downstream target genes,accelerated the stomatal closure, reduced the moisture to evaporate, decreased chlorophyll degradation, and enhanced the tolerance to drought and oxidative stresses in transgenic Arabidopsis.%以耐盐性较强的大豆(Glycine max L.)品种铁丰8号为试验材料,克隆到1个A亚族bZIP类转录因子基因,命名为GmAREB(Glycine max ABA responsive element binding protein).该基因由1 317个核苷酸组成,编码439个氨基酸残基,包括4个保守的磷酸化位点区域(C1、C2、C3和C4)、1个核定位信号区(KVVE)和1个bZIP转录因子保守域.聚类分析显示GmAREB蛋白与拟南芥ABF2、水稻OsTRAB1具有较高的同源性,并存在较近的亲缘关系.采用凝胶阻滞实验方法证明GmAREB蛋白与ABRE顺式元件具有体外结合特异性.功能分析结果表明,在干旱胁迫条件下,GmAREB转基因拟南芥的存活率(50%)显著高于野生型(5%);气孔统计分析显示转基因植株的气孔开度(0.8 μm)明显比对照开度小(2.6 μm).氧化胁迫结果显示GmAREB转基因拟南芥在甲基紫精溶液中叶绿素含量比野生型高(7.3 mg g-1FW).转基因拟南芥RT-PCR分析表明,GmAREB基因过表达能够增强下游胁迫相关基因ABI1、ABI2的表达,抑制气孔开闭相关基因KAT1、KAT2的表达.综上所述,GmAREB基因过表达有效调控了转基因拟南芥下游靶基因表达,加速了气孔关闭,减少了水分蒸发和叶绿素降解,从而提高了转基因拟南芥对干旱、氧化胁迫耐性.【期刊名称】《作物学报》【年(卷),期】2011(037)006【总页数】9页(P982-990)【关键词】ABA;bZIP转录因子;拟南芥;胁迫耐性【作者】高世庆;陈明;徐兆师;唐益苗;李连城;马有志;赵昌平【作者单位】北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心,北京100097;中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物遗传改良与育种重点开放实验室,北京100081;中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物遗传改良与育种重点开放实验室,北京100081;北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心,北京100097;中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物遗传改良与育种重点开放实验室,北京100081;中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程/农业部作物遗传改良与育种重点开放实验室,北京100081;北京市农林科学院北京杂交小麦工程技术研究中心,北京100097【正文语种】中文干旱、盐碱等非生物逆境胁迫是植物生长发育主要限制因子, 严重影响着作物产量及品质。

抗旱相关基因及其遗传工程

抗旱相关基因及其遗传工程

抗旱相关基因及其遗传工程王瑞云;杨阳;李润植;郭红媛【摘要】干旱是影响全球生态的重要因子,文章综述了转录调控因子和转录后RNA/蛋白修饰因子两类抗旱相关基因及其在耐旱性遗传改良中的应用.其中,胁迫应答的转录调控因子包括脱水响应因子(DRE)、锌指蛋白(ZFP)、核因子(NF-Y)和WRKY转录因子;转录后RNA/蛋白修饰因子包括蛋白的法尼基化、蛋白磷酸化和蛋白的聚ADP核糖基化作用.这些基因中有的已克隆并通过生物技术手段转入作物中,靶基因的表达提高了作物的抗旱性及产量.【期刊名称】《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》【年(卷),期】2014(034)004【总页数】7页(P289-295)【关键词】抗旱性;转录调控因子;转录后修饰因子【作者】王瑞云;杨阳;李润植;郭红媛【作者单位】山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801;农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,山西太原030031;山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801;山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801;山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801【正文语种】中文【中图分类】S503由于人口骤增及气候变暖引起的水资源短缺是当前世界范围内农业面临的极大挑战。

到本世纪末，高浓度温室气体引发的全球性干旱将成为农作物生存面临的巨大威胁［1］。

全球性水资源缺乏影响种植业的可持续性，农业用水约占人类消费水资源的75%，在许多发展中国家，灌溉用水则占到90%以上［2］。

水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，养活着超过全球一半的人口，局域性干旱甚至可使水稻减产超过80%［3］。

因其物种自身对水分缺失的敏感性，水稻的种植模式将会随地下水资源的枯竭发生改变［4］。

与水稻相比，玉米则比较耐旱，但在传粉和胚胎发育期对干旱同样敏感［5］。

与动物可以通过运动寻找易居处所不同，植物由根系固着在土壤中，不能自主更换位置，但是经过亿万年的进化，其可以通过改变形态及生理代谢来适应环境。

干旱胁迫诱导下植物基因的表达与调控

干旱胁迫诱导下植物基因的表达与调控

干旱胁迫诱导下植物基因的表达与调控X杜金友 陈晓阳X X李伟 高琼(北京林业大学林木花卉遗传育种与基因工程实验室,北京 100083)摘 要: 干旱胁迫能够诱导植物表达大量的基因,研究这些基因的表达与调控,为植物抗旱的定向育种创造条件。

本文系统介绍了在干旱胁迫条件下,植物体内渗透调节物质和可溶性糖合成有关的基因、离子和水分通道及Lea 蛋白基因的表达,以及与这些基因表达相关的调控元件和因子,干旱胁迫信号转导等方面的最新研究进展。

关键词: 植物 干旱胁迫 基因表达调控 信号传导Expression and Regulation of Genes Induced byDrought Stress in PlantDu Jinyou Chen Xiaoyang X X Li Wei Gao Qiong(Kay Laboratory f or Genetic imp rovemen t in Tr e es and Or namental p lants ,M OE ,BeijingForestry Univers ity ,Beijing 100083)A bstra ct : Understanding expression and Regulation of numerous genes induced by drought str ess will be help to broaden the possibilities for genetically engineering plants.Here we try to give an overview of t he gene expression pro 2gr ammes that are triggered by drought stress or dehydration,with particular reference to the regulation of their expression and single tr ansduct ion of dr o ught or dehydr at ion.K e y words : Plant Drought stress Gene expr ession and regulation Single transduction干旱是影响植物生长和发育的主要环境因子之一。

绿豆C3H和NBS_转录因子家族成员鉴定及盐胁迫响应分析

绿豆C3H和NBS_转录因子家族成员鉴定及盐胁迫响应分析


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ＮＢＳ 基因的功能有着重要影响
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基因已被证明在花生青枯病、大豆花叶病、番茄菟丝
目前ꎬ有关绿豆 ＮＢＳ 和Ｃ ３ Ｈ基因家族成员组成、
ꎮ 同时ꎬＮＢＳ 基因
序列及进化特征ꎬ与盐胁迫响应相关的 ＮＢＳ 和Ｃ ３ Ｈ
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数量从几十个到上千个不等
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组成的不同会导致植物对病原体抗性形成差异
关键词: 绿豆ꎻ ＮＢＳ 基因家族ꎻ Ｃ３ Ｈ基因家族ꎻ 盐胁迫ꎻ ＶｒＮＢＳ２０ 转录因子
中图分类号: Ｑ７８６ 文献标识码: Ａ 文章编号: １０００￣４４４０(２０２３)０５￣１０９７￣１３
Ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｓａｌｔ ｓｔｒｅｓｓ ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ ｍｕｎｇｂｅａｎ Ｃ３ Ｈ ａｎｄ ＮＢＳ
收稿日期:２０２２￣１１￣２９
基金项目:科学技术部重点研发政府间国际合作项目(２０１９ＹＦＥ０１０９１００)ꎻ
江苏省一带一路国际合作项目(ＢＺ２０２２００５)ꎻ国家食用豆产业