剑雅思阅读答案

剑桥雅思13Test2雅思阅读passage 3真题+解析相关阅读：剑桥雅思13Test2阅读passage3真题+翻译体裁说明文主要内容本文讲述了紧跟潮流背后的商业策略。

结构第1段：很多经理人并没有意识到紧跟潮流的重要意义。

第2段：忽视潮流趋势的恶果，以及本文主要目的阐述。

第3段：策略一：“融汇于扩张”及其在奢侈品牌Coach的实践。

第4段：“融汇与扩张”在超市品牌Tesco的进一步拓展实践。

第5段：策略二：“跨界合作与超越”及其在运动品牌Nike的实践。

第6段：策略三：“反制与强化”及其在游戏品牌ME2的实践。

第7段：审时度势选择恰当的策略。

第8段：潮流给公司提升带来机会。

Questions 27-31Choose the correct letter，A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-31 on your answer sheet.27 In the first paragraph, the writer says that most managersA fail to spot the key consumer trends of the moment,B make the mistake of focusing only on the principal consumer trends,C misinterpret market research data relating to current consumer trends,D are unaware of the significant impact that trends have on consumers’lives.28 According to the third paragraph, Coach was anxious toA follow what some of its competitors were doing.B maintain its prices throughout its range.C safeguard its reputation as a manufacturer of luxury goods.D modify the entire look of its brand to suit the economic climate.29 What point is made about Tesco’s Greener Living programme?A It did not require Tesco to modify its core business activities.B It succeeded in attracting a more eco-conscious clientele.C Its main aim was to raise consumers' awareness of environmental issues.D It was not the first time that Tesco had implemented such an initiative.30 What does the writer suggest about N ike's strategy?A It was an extremely risky strategy at the time.B It was a strategy that only a major company could afford to follow.C It was the type of strategy that would not have been possible in the past.D It was the kind of strategy which might appear to have few obvious benefits.31 What was original about the ME2?A It contained technology that had been developed for the sports industry.B It appealed to young people who were keen to improve their physical fitness.C It took advantage of a current trend for video games with colourful 3D graphics.D It was a handheld game that addressed people’s concerns about unhealthy lifestyles.考题解析 Questions 27-31●题目归类：Multiple Choice单项选择题是雅思阅读中难度相当大的一种。

READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.EFFECTS OF NOISEIn general, it is plausible to suppose that we should prefer peace and quiet to noise. And yet most of us have had the experience of having to adjust to sleeping in the mountains or the countryside because it was initially ‘too quiet', an experience that suggests that humans are capable of adapting to a wide range of noise levels. Research supports this view. For example, Glass and Singer (1972) exposed people to short bursts of very loud noise and then measured their ability to work out problems and their physiological reactions to the noise. The noise was quite disruptive at first, but after about four minutes the subjects were doing just as well on their tasks as control subjects who were not exposed to noise. Their physiological arousal also declined quickly to the same levels as those of the control subjects.But there are limits to adaptation and loud noise becomes more troublesome if the person is required to concentrate on more than one task. For example, high noise levels interfered with the performance of subjects who were required to monitor three dials at a time, a task not unlike that of an aeroplane pilot or an air-traffic controller (Broadbent, 1957). Similarly, noise did not affect a subject's ability to track a moving line with a steering wheel, but it did interfere with the subject's ability to repeat numbers while tracking (Finkelman and Glass, 1970).Probably the most significant finding from research on noise is that its predictability is more important than how loud it is. We are much more able to ‘tune out' chronic background noise, even if it is quite loud, than to work under circumstances with unexpected intrusions of noise. In the Glass and Singer study, in which subjects were exposed to bursts of noise as they worked on a task, some subjects heard loud bursts and others heard soft bursts. For some subjects, the bursts were spaced exactly one minute apart (predictable noise); others heard the same amount of noise overall, but the bursts occurred at random intervals (unpredictable noise). Subjects reported finding the predictable and unpredictable noise equally annoying, and all subjects performed at about the same level during the noise portion of the experiment. But the different noise conditions had quite different after-effects when the subjects were required to proofreadwritten material under conditions of no noise. As shown in Table 1 the unpredictable noise produced more errors in the later proofreading task than predictable noise; and soft, unpredictable noise actually produced slightly more errors on this task than the loud, predictable noise.Table 1: Proofreading Errors and NoiseApparently, unpredictable noise produces more fatigue than predictable noise, but it takes a while for this fatigue to take its toll on performance.Predictability is not the only variable that reduces or eliminates the negative effects of noise. Another is control. If the individual knows that he or she can control the noise, this seems to eliminate both its negative effects at the time and its after-effects. This is true even if the individual never actually exercises his or her option to turn the noise off (Glass and Singer, 1972). Just the knowledge that one has control is sufficient.The studies discussed so far exposed people to noise for only short periods and only transient effects were studied. But the major worry about noisy environments is that living day after day with chronic noise may produce serious, lasting effects. One study, suggesting that this worry is a realistic one, compared elementary school pupils who attended schools near Los Angeles's busiest airport with students who attended schools in quiet neighbourhoods (Cohen et al., 1980). It was found that children from the noisy schools had higher blood pressure and were more easily distracted than those who attended the quiet schools. Moreover, there was no evidence of adaptability to the noise. In fact, the longer the children had attended the noisy schools, the more distractible they became. The effects also seem to be long lasting. A follow-up study showed that children who were moved to less noisy classrooms still showed greater distractibility one year later than students who had always been in the quiet schools (Cohen et al, 1981). It should be noted that the two groups of children had been carefully matched by the investigators so that they were comparable in age, ethnicity, race, and social class.Questions 27-29Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet.27 The writer suggests that people may have difficulty sleeping in the mountains becauseA humans do not prefer peace and quiet to noise.B they may be exposed to short bursts of very strange sounds.C humans prefer to hear a certain amount of noise while they sleep.D they may have adapted to a higher noise level in the city.28 In noise experiments, Glass and Singer found thatA problem-solving is much easier under quiet conditions.B physiological arousal prevents the ability to work.C bursts of noise do not seriously disrupt problem-solving in the long term.D the physiological arousal of control subjects declined quickly.29 Researchers discovered that high noise levels are not likely to interfere with theA successful performance of a single task.B tasks of pilots or air traffic controllers.C ability to repeat numbers while tracking moving lines.D ability to monitor three dials at once.Questions 30-34Complete the summary using the list of words and phrases, A-J, below.Write the correct letter, A-J, in boxes 30-34 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.Glass and Singer (1972) showed that situations in which there is intense noise have less effect on performance than circumstances in which 30 ………… noise occurs. Subjects were divided into groups to perform a task. Some heard loud bursts of noise, others soft. For some subjects, the noise was predictable, while for others its occurrence was random. All groups were exposed to 31 ………… noise. The predictable noise group32 ………… the unpredictable noise group on this task.In the second part of the experiment, the four groups were given a proofreading task to complete under conditions of no noise. They were required to check written material for errors. The group which had been exposed to unpredictable noise 33 ………… the group which had been exposed to predictable noise. The group which had been exposed to loud predictable noise performed better than those who had heard soft, unpredictablebursts. The results suggest that 34 ………… noise produces fatigue but that this manifests itself later.A no control overB unexpectedC intenseD the same amount ofE performed better thanF performed at about the same level asG noH showed more irritation thanI made more mistakes thanJ different types ofQuestions 35-40Look at the following statements (Questions 35-40) and the list of researchers below. Match each statement with the correct researcher(s),A-E.Write the correct letter, 4-E, in boxes 35-40 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.35 Subjects exposed to noise find it difficult at first to concentrate on problem-solving tasks.36 Long-term exposure to noise can produce changes in behaviour which can still be observed a year later.37 The problems associated with exposure to noise do not arise if the subject knows they can make it stop.38 Exposure to high-pitched noise results in more errors than exposure to low-pitched noise.39 Subjects find it difficult to perform three tasks at the same time when exposed to noise.40 Noise affects a subject's capacity to repeat numbers while carrying out another task. List of ResearchersA Glass and SingerB BroadbentC Finkelman and GlassD Cohen et al.E None of the above精选文库READING PASSAGE 3 真题解析篇章结构体裁：说明文主题：噪声影响结构第一段：人对噪音有自我调节能力。

标题：剑17 阅读 test2passage2 解析1. 背景介绍剑17 阅读 test2passage2 是雅思考试中的一道阅读原文题目，这篇文章的主要内容是关于人类行为模式和环境之间的关系。

在这篇文章中，作者提出了一些观点和理论，通过对这些观点和理论的分析，可以帮助考生更好地理解文章内容和解答相关问题。

2. 主题概述文章的主要内容围绕着人类行为模式和环境之间的关系展开。

作者通过对社会学、心理学和环境学的交叉研究，探讨了人类行为与环境之间的相互作用和影响。

文章还讨论了人类行为在不同环境下的变化和适应能力，以及环境对人类行为的塑造和影响。

3. 文章结构分析文章大致可以分为三个部分：概述、主体和结论。

3.1 概述部分在概述部分，作者主要对人类行为模式和环境之间的关系进行了介绍和概述。

作者还提出了本文要探讨的主要问题和研究方法。

3.2 主体部分主体部分是文章的核心内容，主要包括作者对人类行为模式和环境之间关系的理论和观点阐述。

在这一部分中，作者通过具体的案例和数据，对人类行为在不同环境下的表现和变化进行了分析和讨论。

3.3 结论部分结论部分是对前文内容的总结和升华，作者在这一部分对文章的主要观点和结论进行了概括和归纳。

4. 文章重点分析在文章的阅读解析中，需要重点关注以下几个方面：4.1 作者观点考生需要理解和把握作者在文章中提出的关于人类行为模式和环境之间关系的观点和理论，这些观点和理论是文章的核心内容。

4.2 例证分析作者在文章中使用了一些具体的例证和数据来支持自己的观点，考生需要仔细分析这些例证的来源和意义，并掌握其相关信息。

4.3 文章结构需要对文章的整体结构进行分析，理解作者的论证思路和表达方式，把握文章的主旨和逻辑关系。

5. 解题技巧在阅读解析过程中，考生需要掌握以下几个解题技巧：5.1 理清思路在阅读文章原文的过程中，需要理清文章的主要观点和结构，确保对文章内容的整体把握。

5.2 注重细节在解答问题时，需要留意文章中的细节信息，尤其是与题目相关的具体例证和数据，这些细节信息往往是解题的关键。

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Question 27答案：C关键词：second paragraph, a shape-matching test定位原文：第二段解题思路：题目：在第二段，作者提到图形匹配试验是为了证明：A.艺术鉴赏的主观性质;B.现代艺术对抽象形式的依赖; C.我们倾向于被他人的意见影响;D.加工视觉数据时遇到的普遍问题。

本题问的是提及a shape-matching test的作用，首先需要在原文中找到这个信息，然后在周围寻找论点型的句子，这类句子往往在具体的例子之前。

题目中的a shape-matching test 出现在文章第二段第四句，而这句的内容是为了说明第三句的an inclination to follow the crowd, 然后在选项中寻找这个内容的同义替换，可以看到C选项表达的含义与此一致，因此本题答案为C。

Question 28：答案：D关键词：Angelina Hawley-Dolan定位原文：第三段解题思路：题目：Angelina Hawley Dolan的发现说明人们：A. 最喜欢那些他们了解很多的作品;B. 对于什么使艺术作品优秀持不变的观点;C. 经常被他们最初对作品的期待误导;D. 能力感知作品背后的意义。

本题可以通过人名Angelina Hawley-Dolan定位到文章第三段。

本段描述实验过程和观点，最后一句提到the viewer can sense the artist’s vision in paintings,这一表述与D选项的含义一致，因此本题答案为D。

Question 29：答案：B关键词：Robert Pepperell定位原文：第四段解题思路：题目：Robert Pepperell作品的研究结果表明人们：A. 在没有完全理解一幅作品的情况下欣赏它;B. 明白—幅作品的含义会令人有满足感;C. 欣赞作品所花费的时间会相差许多;D. 相比抽象艺术，人们通常更喜欢具象的艺术。