语法专题3—形容词与副词—练习

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形容词比较级、最高级

I. 构成

1. 单音节:

 一般加er 及 est (及少数双音节)

 词尾是不发音的e 只加r 和 st

 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母时,须重复该辅音字母,再加er及est

 词尾是y时,先把y改成i再加er、est

2. 多音节的前面加more和most

3. 以及少数不规则变化:  good/ well better best

 bad/ ill worse worst

 many/ much more much

 little/ few less least

 far farther farthest

further furthest

 old older (老、旧)

elder (年长的)

4. 特殊变化:

 可加er、est,也可加more、most

pleasant, common, handsome, polite

 以y结尾,仍保持y: gray, shy, gay

 合成词改变只在形容词上:

good-looking, hard-working, well-known

II. 用法:

4. 原级

 be + adj. (for sb.) to do/ to/ for sb.

the same as, different from, like, similar to

 Be as+ adj.+ as

Be not so + adj. + as 5. 比较级

 be more than

 be more and more

 be more of the two

III. 比较级的注意

6. 有些形容词无比较级

whole, full, empty, only, perfect, excellent, main, dead, living, monthly, round, square, golden,

7. 无两级比较,如:more better

8. no和比较级连用,有not at all的意思

9. more than 有时等于very:

They are more than glad to help.

10. 修饰程度:

much, far, very, any, no, still, yet, a lot, a little, a bit

11. than后接的代词是主格或宾格意义有所不同

Tom like her better than he. Tom likes her than him.

IV. 最高级

be + the + adj. + of/ in the … be one of the + adj. + n. (pl.) in/ of/ that

V. 最高级的注意 (可省略the的情况)

 最高级前有物主代词  自身相比  相当于very

VI. 一些习惯用语

at least 至少

at most 至多

at best 充其量不过

at worst 最坏不过 at last 终于

at latest 最迟不过

at one’s best 全盛时期

for the most part 大部分 do one’s best 尽全力

make the most of 尽量利用