翻译段落12题 大一普通班
- 格式：doc
- 大小：48.50 KB
- 文档页数：5
大一普通班翻译精选12题 历史文化（5篇）
1. 中秋节一般都是在晚上庆祝，家人们聚到一起，点灯笼、吃月饼、赏明月。中秋夜的月亮仿佛是一年中最圆最亮的。圆月通常被认为是家庭团圆的象征。因此，中秋节也称团圆节。在农村，人们会把月饼、苹果、梨子、桃子、葡萄、石榴（pomegranate）、西瓜、橘子等贡品置于庭院中的供案（altar）之上。其中，月饼和切成莲花的形状的西瓜是中秋节必需的。
参考译文：The Mid-Autumn Festival is an evening celebration when families get together to light lanterns, eat moon cakes and appreciate the round moon. On that night, the moon appears to be at its roundest and brightest. The full moon is generally regarded as a symbol for family reunion, which is why that day is also known as the Festival of Reunion. In the countryside, food offerings—including mooncakes, apples, pears, peaches, grapes, pomegranates, watermelons, oranges, and so on—are placed on an altar set up in the courtyard. Of all these foods, moon cakes and watermelons (cut into the shape of a lotus) are indispensable for the Mid-Autumn Festival.
2. 无论走到哪里，中国人都不会改掉喝茶的习惯。茶最早由中国人发现，它是中国人生活中不可或缺（indispensable）的组成部分。有一句中国谚语将基本的日常必需品称为柴、米、油、盐、酱（soy sauce）、醋（vinegar）、茶。一千多年以来，饮茶的习俗已经在中国人心中根深蒂固（be ingrained）。唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一本关于茶的著作-- 《茶经》，这部书有助于在中国推广饮茶艺术。
参考译文：Wherever Chinese go, the custom of drinking tea follows. Tea was first discovered by the Chinese. Tea is an indispensable part of the life of a Chinese. A Chinese saying identifies the seven basic daily necessities as fuel, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, and tea. The custom of drinking tea has been ingrained in the Chinese for over a thousand years. In Tang Dynasty, a man named Lu Yu created the first book in the world on tea, Book of Tea. This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China.
3. 在中国，送礼对于私人关系和商务关系来说都很重要。礼物应当用红色或其他喜庆的（festive）颜色来包装。不要在收礼者面前夸耀你的礼物，而且在送礼时应当用双手。通常在第一次送礼时，收礼者可能会礼貌地谢绝礼物。在这种情况下，你就应该对情形做出正确的评估并再一次去送礼。如果收礼者没有打开你的礼物的话，这并不意味他对此不感兴趣。在你离开之后打开礼物才是礼貌之举。（169字）
参考译文：In China, gift giving is important to both private and business relationships. The gift packaging should be in red or any other festive colors. Do not brag about your gift in front of the recipient, and you should use both hands when presenting it. Generally, the recipient may graciously refuse the present when first offered. In this case, you should correctly assess the situation and present it once again. If the recipient does not open your gift, it does not mean that he is not interested in it. It is polite behavior to open it after you leave. 4. 陵 (mausoleum) 是秦朝（公元前221-206）始皇帝的陵墓，位于陕西临潼的骊山北麓，是迄今为止发现的世界上最大的陵墓。秦始皇成功击败所有的诸侯国 (ducal state)，统一了中国，建立起首个中央集权制封建王朝 (centralized feudal dynasty)。秦始皇陵总面积218万平方米，其中陵墓占地220 000平方米。陵墓原设计166米高，但数千年的风雨侵蚀 (weathering) 和破坏使陵墓降低为76米。墓底宽485米，长515米。
参考译文： The mausoleum of the First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC), who successfully defeated all rival ducal states and unified China by establishing the first centralized feudal dynasty, is located at the northern foot of Lishan Hill in Lintong, Shanxi Province. It is the largest mausoleum ever discovered in the world. The mausoleum covers an area of 2.18 million square meters, with the tomb itself covering 220 000 square meters. The tomb was designed to be 166 meters high, but years of weathering and damage have reduced this to 76meters. The bottom of the tomb measures 485 meters by 515 meters.
5. 孔子（Confucius）是世界公认的世界十大思想家之一，他的思想在中国、在东亚都有广泛的影响。孔子又是个大教育家。在那个时代，只有贵族子弟 (aristocratic：贵族的) 才能够受教育。孔子提倡（advocate）“有教无类”，他收学生，不论他们地位贵贱，都一律平等地进行教育。孔子兴办私学，打破了官方对文化教育的垄断（monopoly）。据说孔子教过的学生有三千多人，其中著名的有72人。（146字）
参考译文：Confucius is one of the 10 internationally recognized thinkers, and his thoughts have had a wide-ranging influence in China and East Asia. Confucius was also a great educator. In his time, only children from aristocratic families could receive education. Confucius advocated that everyone was equal in education. He taught his students without discrimination, no matter what their social status was. Confucius established private schools and broke the government’s monopoly over education. It is said that Confucius taught as many as 3000 students, among whom 72 became very famous.
政治经济（3） 6. 中国政府清醒的认识到，中国人口与发展的矛盾依然尖锐， 面临诸多困难和挑战：人口数量将在较长时期内 (a prolonged period of time) 继续增长，预计未来几十年每年平均净增 (net increase) 1000万人以上，给经济、社会、资源、环境和可持续发展带来巨大压力；人口总体素质较低的状况在短时期内难以根本改观，与科学技术迅猛发展的要求不相适应 (incompatible with)；劳动年龄人口大量增加， 就业压力居高不下。
参考译文：The Chinese government is fully aware that the contradiction between population and development in China has remained sharp, and that there exist many difficulties and challenges: population growth will continue for a prolonged period of time, with an estimated annual net increase of over 10 million in the next decade or so. This will exert great pressure on the economy, society, resources, the environment and development as a whole; it is
