高中英语语法句子成分分析word版

高中英语语法句子成分分析 word版英语句子成分分析和句子结构分析（语法高手必备）英语句子成分分析（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有要紧成分和次要成分（一样共九中成分）；要紧成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语和插入语。

（二）主语：主语 (Subject)是一个句子所叙述的主体，一样位于句首。

（但在 there be 结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

）主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、和主语从句等表示。

例如：（请画出主语）Three plus two is five. It is a great pleasure to swim in the riverSmoking does harm to the health. There are many students in my class.Are you a student? Here comes the bus.He can do it and so can I. Who will attend the meeting has not been de cided. （主语从句）（三）谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特点和状态。

动词在句中作谓语，一样放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如：He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。

如：We are students.谓语表达时态和语态。

•时态（与非谓语比较）语态现在时：一样现在时: 现在进行时: 现在完成时:Is /am/are+---或doe s/doIs/am/are+doingHas/have +doneHas/have+been+doi ngIs/am/are+Is /am/are+being+ Has/have+been+现在完成进行时:过去时:一样过去时: Was/were+---或did过去进行时: Was/were+doing过去完成时：Had+done过去今后时：Would/should+d oWas/were+ Was/were+being+Had+been+Would/shoul d+be+done今后时:一样今后时:Shall/will+do Shall/will+be+今后进行时:Shall/will+be+doing今后完成时: Shall/will+have+don e----------------------- Shall/will+have+been +非谓语动to doto have d one to be doin g to be doneto have been done doinghaving done done being done having been done主语宾语宾补表语定语状语不定式√√√√√√动名词√√√√分词现在√√√√过去√√√√亲：找出非谓语动词并分析其成分吧！1. She found the door closed.2. Having been told many times, he made the same mistake.3. Given more time, we could do it much better.4. Walking on the street, he came across his former teacher.5. The meeting being held is very important.6. A big fire broke out in a shop, causing 100 deaths.（四）表语表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特点、状态与身份，它一样位于系动词（如 be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等）之后。

表语一样由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、动词 ing、介词短语及表语从句表示。

例如：1. The weather has turned cold.2. The speech is exciting.（五）宾语宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承担者，一样位于及物动词和介词后面。

例如：（请画出宾语）1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday.2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.5. He pretended not to see me.6. I enjoy listening to popular music.7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.（六）宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直截了当宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语（Object Complement），才能使句子的意义完整。

带有宾语补足语的一样句型为：某些及物动词（如 make 等)+宾语+宾补）。

宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

例如：（请画出宾语补足语）1. His father named him Dongming.2. They painted their boat white.3. Let the fresh air in.4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to yo u.5. We saw her entering the room.6. We often hear the song sung by him.7. We found everything in the lab in good order.8. We will soon make our city what your city is now.（七）定语修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。

定语可由以下等成分表示：（请画出定语）1. Guilin is a beautiful city.2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.6. He is reading an article about how to learn English.7. Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we are walking skeletons.（八）状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特点的句子成分，叫做状语（Adverbial）。

可由以下形式表示：（请画出状语部分吧）1. Light travels most quickly.2. He has lived in the city for ten years.3. He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.4. He is in the room making a model plane.5. Once you begin, you must continue.9 种状语种类如下：1. How about meeting again at six?2. Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.3. I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.4. Mr Smith lives on the third floor.5. She put the eggs into the basket with great care.She came in with a dictionary in her hand.6. In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.In order that he can catch with the others7. He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.8. She works very hard though she is old.9. I am taller than he is.（九）同位语（Appositive）对前面的名词或代词做进一步的说明，通常由名词、数词、代词或从句担任，如：（请画出同位语）1. This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.2. Many students, about 60, are in my class.3. The fact that our team won the game has been known to all.（十）插入语（Parenthesis）对一句话做一些附加的说明，通常有 to be h onest , I think (suppose, believe---)等，如To be frank, I don’t quite agree with you.句子成分详解图：练习（一）.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest，your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your address?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二．英语句子结构分析通常，我们能够从两个不同的角度对句子进行分类：一是按句子的结构；二是按句子的用途。