1 Unit 10 Roots about “Law”, “Cutting”, “Parting” and “Dividing” Lecture 4 Roots about “Equality” 1. Warming-up 课程准备 A famous American actress who stared in the movie Legally Blonde and Legally Blonde 2. The blonde’s legendary tale of winning the law case sounds really a Cinderella story. The concept of the American court, and a jury of 12members. The concept of judges. 2. Words to Watch 词汇锦囊 Roots “par” and “equ” or “equi” and the words: compare, parity, disparity, imparity, disparage, equate, equation, equity, equivalent and equivocal. 3. Cultural Interaction 文化采撷 Some knowledge about the law of the USA , China and other countries. 4. Critical-Thinking Questions 思辨问题 1. Warming-up 课程准备 The unit talks about a very popular American movie star, who stared in a well renowned movie Legally Blonde and Legally Blonde 2. Also it mentions concepts about the American court, jury and judges. Legally Blonde and is a film which describes a very pretty girl who made her great effort to go to a famous law school and then she experienced a legendary tale of winning a law case. Since it is a story related to law students and law cases, words like “law” “court” “jury” “judge” and “equality” almost appear everywhere. The four lectures in this unit will dwell on the roots respectively related to the meanings of law, judging (giving a final decision), and equality. And the fourth one is on the root “par” and “equ” or “equi”, which means “being equal”. 2 2. Words to Watch 词汇锦囊 Roots “par” and “equ” or “equi” and the words: compare, parity, disparity, imparity, disparage, equate, equation, equity, equivalent and equivocal.. 1）compare 相互比较，对照 （vt.& vi.） compare A and B, compare A with B, compare A to B E.g. Can you compare Reese Witherspoon with Jennifer Aniston for us? E.g. I think it’s very hard to compare them. compare把…比作（vt.） compare A with/to B compare A with/to doing something E.g. Do you know some people compare Steve Jobs to (or with)a burnt-out star. A compares favorably with B “A与B比起来更好” A compares unfavorably with B “A与B比起来更差” E.g. I personally like Legally Blonde 1 better Legally Blonde 2. So I can say Legally Blonde 1 compares favorably with Legally Blonde 2. do not compare无法匹敌, 媲美（vi. ） A does not compare with B, that means A is much worse than B. E.g. If you don’t much care for Legally Blonde 2, can we say you think Legally Blonde 2 cannot compare with Legally Blonde 1? beyond compare 无法匹敌的 E.g. Can you immediately think of one thing beyond compare? E.g. I think you are a teacher beyond compare. 3 Derivative: comparison n. 比较 make a comparison between A and B 把A和B进行比照 in comparison with/ by comparison with/ in comparison to 与…相比;与…比较而言 there is no comparison between A and B A太好了 B根本就没有可比性 A stands/ bears comparison with B 表示两者可以相媲美，A不亚于B beyond/ without comparison 无与伦比的 2) parity n．平等；同等；相等 E.g. The two sides soon achieved parity. 双方很快就达到了平局 E.g. Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields. 女性在很多领域还没能争取到薪金、职位方面的平等。 3) disparity n. 不同、不等、差异 the disparity of age 年龄差异 wage disparity工资差别 regional disparity 地区差异 4) imparity n. 表示 不平等，不同 E.g. Women still suffer wage or occupational imparity in many fields. 5) disparage vt. 轻视、贬低、不赞同；使……蒙羞； E.g. Please don't disparage our attempts to become a great team. 4 别贬低她想成为一名女演员的努力。 E.g. I think your bad behavior has disparaged your whole family. 她的坏行为已损害了她全家的名声。 6) equal adj. 平等的 7) equality n. 平等 8) equate vt. 使相等；把…相提并论；与…等同 equate A with B E.g. A lot of people in China equate American culture to the whole Western cultures. E.g. Please don’t equate wealth with happiness. Neither should we equate poverty with misery. 9）equation n. 方程式 等式 E.g. The equation of wealth with happiness is wrong. 把财富与幸福等同起来是很危险的 E.g. formulate〔state〕 an equation 列出方程式 E.g. solve〔work out〕 an equation 解方程式 E.g. chemical equation 化学方程式 E.g. literal equation 文字方程 E.g. military equation 军事上的平衡 E.g. the supply-demand equation (市场)供求平衡 E.g. equation between… 之间的平衡 E.g. equation of state 地位相等 E.g. equations of power 势力均衡 10）equity n. 公平、公正 E.g. He seeks after equity all life long. 5 他一生都在追求公正。 E.g. He has become a model of social justice and equity. 这位法官已经成了公正正义的楷模。 E.g. We shared the housework with perfect equity. 他们很公平地分担屋内的工作。 Derivative: equitable adj. 公正的，正当的 E.g. Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得，乃公平之事。 E,g. We pledge personal respect, fair compensation and honest and equitable treatment. 我们保证尊重个人，提供合理的报酬，真诚而公平的对待每个人。 E.g. They are always prompt and equitable in settling claims. 他们总是迅速而公正地解决索赔。 E.g. equitable price公道价格 E.g. equitable settlement公平解决... E.g. equitable distribution of income公平的收入分配... 11）iniquity n. 极不公正、邪恶 E.g. In his view a disco is exactly a den of iniquity. 迪斯科舞厅并非藏污纳垢之处。 E.g. The iniquity of the transaction made all of us very angry. 这笔交易的不公引起了普遍的愤怒。 12）equivalent n.（可数名词）对等物、等价物、对应者 adj. 相等的、 等价的 E.g. I want to change my RMB for the equivalent amount in American dollars. 我把美元兑换成等值的英镑。 E.g. A dime is equivalent to 10 pennies.
1. There was no middle point.
(Para.1)
Meaning: You couldn’t sit on the
fence or be middle-of-the-road: you
were either honest or dishonest.
Middle point “(figurative) a position
which is between two very different
ones
You have to decide either to stay at
home or to go out with me. There is
no middle point.
2. They had a simple saying hanging
on their living-room wall… (Para.1)
hang on : hold something or
someone tightly
Don’t hang the picture on that wall
as it is facing the sun all day.
Hang on tight; it’s going to be a
rough ride.
3. “Life is like a field of newly fallen snow. Where I choose to walk every
step will show.”(Para.1)
Meaning: Life is like a field that is
covered with fresh snow. When I
walk on it, the snow shows every step
of mine.
4. They understand instinctively that
integrity … (Para.2)
1 Unit 10 Roots about “Law”, “Cutting”, “Parting” and “Dividing” Lecture 3 Roots about “Judging” 1. Warming-up 课程准备 A famous American actress who stared in the movie Legally Blonde and Legally Blonde 2. The blonde’s legendary tale of winning the law case sounds really a Cinderella story. The concept of the American court, and a jury of 12members. The concept of judges. 2. Words to Watch 词汇锦囊 Root “judg” or “judic” and the words: judgement, prejudge, adjudge, prejudice, judicial, judiciary, judicious, injudicious and adjudicate. 3. Cultural Interaction 文化采撷 Some knowledge about the law of the USA , China and other countries. 4. Critical-Thinking Questions 思辨问题 1. Warming-up 课程准备 The unit talks about a very popular American movie star, who stared in a well renowned movie Legally Blonde and Legally Blonde 2. Also it mentions concepts about the American court, jury and judges. Legally Blonde and is a film which describes a very pretty girl who made her great effort to go to a famous law school and then she experienced a legendary tale of winning a law case. Since it is a story related to law students and law cases, words like “law” “court” “jury” “judge” and “equality” almost appear everywhere. The four lectures in this unit will dwell on the roots respectively related to the meanings of law, judging (giving a final decision), and equality. And the third one is on the root “judg” or “judic”, which also means “to judge” or “to give a final decision”. 2 2. Words to Watch 词汇锦囊 Root “judg” or “judic” and the words: judgement, prejudge, adjudge, prejudice, judicial, judiciary, judicious, injudicious and adjudicate. 1) judgement E.g. After you listen to this lecture, you can make a general judgement about this course. 他拒绝对形势做出评价。 E.g. In my judgement, this course is especially suitable for those who want to enlarge their English vocabulary. 依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。 E.g. He is waiting for the dreadful judgement. 我们在等待上帝令人生畏的审判。 E.g. I shouldn’t pass judgement on this, since it's a personal matter between you. 不该由我来说三道四，这是你们两个人之间的私事。 E.g. It's very hard to pass judgement on the matter right now. 很难对自身作出评价。 E.g. reserve judgment on something 保留意见；暂不发表意见 E.g. My parents are reserving judgement on whether I can live on campus. 医生们要等到这周晚些时候再决定他是否适宜旅行。 E.g. To sit in judgment 审判；判定 E.g. I have to say, none of us has the right to sit in judgement. 他激烈地争论说，我们中任何一个人都无权进行审判。 E.g. cool judgement 冷静〔错误〕的判断 E.g. excellent〔independent〕judgement 出色〔独立〕的判断力 E.g. good judgement 判断力强〔弱〕 E.g. literary judgement 文学鉴赏力 3 E.g. mature judgement 成熟的判断 E.g. solid judgement 可靠的判断 E.g. subjective judgement 主观判断 E.g. wise judgement 英明的判断 E.g. confirm one's judgement 证实判断 E.g. display one's judgement 显示判断力 E.g. lack one's judgement 缺乏判断能力 E.g. reserve judgement 保留看法 E.g. show judgement 显示判断力 E.g. written judgement 判决书 E.g. judgement against sb 对某人不利的判决 2）prejudge vt & vi 预先判断 E.g. We are supposed not to prejudge the issue. 他们态度谨慎，不过早对此事做出判断。 。 3）adjudge 裁决 be adjudged to do sth. be adjudged + n. E.g. He was adjudged to be guilty... 他被判有罪。 E.g. He was adjudged the winner. 他被裁定以54票对3票获胜。 E.g. The court adjudged that he was not guilty. 法院宣判她有罪。 E.g. The court adjudged him (to be) guilty. E.g. He was adjudged to die.她被判处死刑。 E.g. to adjudge a man to prison对某人判以监禁 E.g. to adjudge a man to death判决罪犯死刑 4 4）prejudice n. 偏见 vt. 使有偏见；对……损害 E.g. I don’t know why my mother always has a prejudice against him. 她对现代音乐怀有偏见。 E.g. A judge must be free from prejudice. 法官必须不抱成见。 E.g. Do you think students’ bad appearance may prejudice their chances of getting a job. 你糟糕的拼写会妨碍你获得这个工作的机会。 E.g. Her charm and beauty prejudiced the judges in her favor. E.g. arouse prejudice 引起偏见 E.g. break down prejudice 消除偏见 E.g. excite prejudice 激起偏见 E.g. have prejudice 抱有偏见 E.g. deep prejudice 根深蒂固的偏见 E.g. strong prejudice 非常偏爱 E.g. with〔without〕 prejudice 带有〔不带〕偏见 E.g. pride and prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》 E.g. racial prejudice 种族偏见 E.g. to the prejudice of 有利于，有损于 E.g. We shouldn’t do anything to the prejudice of our friendship. 我不会做损害我们友谊的事。 5）judicial adj. 司法的、法官的、法庭的；公正的 E.g. She got a judicial separation from her husband. 她得到法庭判决夫妇分居。 E.g. This is an independent judicial system. … 一个独立的司法体系。 E.g. It is a judicial decision. 5 这是法院的决定。 E.g. judicial inquiry 法庭的审判 E.g. judicial mind 公正的心 E.g. judicial robe 法官袍 E.g. judicial survey 法庭调查 6) judiciary n. 表示司法部、法官的（总称）和司法制度的（总称） adj. 表示法院的、法官的、司法的 E.g. The judiciary has/have made the decision. 已征求过法官们的意见。 E.g. China has an independent judiciary system. 中国有独立的司法制度。 E.g. The administrative officer' power cannot go across into judiciary territory. 总统无权干涉司法领域。 7) judicious adj. 明智的、有判断力的 E.g. a judicious change of policy 明智的政策改变 E.g. We should listen to his father’s the judicious opinion. 我们应该听取那位老人明智的意见。 E.g. At a key moment in his life, he made a judicious choice in his life. 在他一生的关键时刻, 他做出了明智的投资, 这便成了他以后富裕的基础。 8) injudicious 不明智的；没有判断力的 E.g. It would be injudicious to quarrel with him. 保持沉默是明智的。 9) adjudicate 判决，裁决； 当…的评判员（或裁判员、仲裁人） E.g. The court adjudicated the company bankrupt.
高级英语第十单元重要知识点归纳(整理打印版)
高级英语第十单元重要知识点归纳
本文档旨在整理和归纳高级英语第十单元的重要知识点，以便学生能够更好地掌握这些内容。
1. 词汇
- Vocabulary 1:Vocabulary 1:
- Word 1: Definition 1
- Word 2: Definition 2
- ...
- Vocabulary 2:Vocabulary 2:
- Word 1: Definition 1
- Word 2: Definition 2
- ...
2. 语法
- Grammar 1: Description of grammar rule with
examples.Grammar 1: Description of grammar rule with examples.
- Grammar 2: Description of grammar rule with
examples.Grammar 2: Description of grammar rule with examples.
- ...
3. 阅读理解
此部分包括了一些阅读理解题目，以及可能的解答和解题思路。
- Passage 1: Summary of the passage and questions.Passage 1:
Summary of the passage and questions.
- Question 1: Description of the question and possible answer.
- Question 2: Description of the question and possible answer.
- ...
- Passage 2: Summary of the passage and questions.Passage 2:
Summary of the passage and questions. - Question 1: Description of the question and possible answer.
