英语作文范文

城市化是指随着一个国家或地区社会生产力的发展、科学技术的进步以及产业结构的调整，其社会由以农业为主的传统乡村型社会向以工业(第二产业)和服务业(第三产业)等非农产业为主的现代城市型社会逐渐转变的历史过程。

早在原始社会向奴隶社会转变的时期，就出现了城市。但是，在相当长的历史时期中，城市的发展和城市人口的增加极其缓慢。直到1800年，全世界的城市人口只占总人口的3%。只是到了近代，随着产业革命的掀起，机器大工业和社会化大生产的出现，资本主义生产方式的产生和发展，才涌现出许多新兴的工业城市和商业城市，使得城市人口迅速增长，城市人口比例不断上升。城市化程度是一个国家经济发展，特别是工业生产发展的一个重要标志。城市是人类文明的标志，是人们经济、政治和社会生活的中心。城市化的程度是衡量一个国家和地区经济、社会、文化、科技水平的重要标志，也是衡量国家和地区社会组织程度和管理水平的重要标志。

城市化的消极影响有以下方面：第一、大规模的城市建设改变了原有的自然环境，使原来的生态环境发生了很大的变化。第二、改变了下垫面的原有性质，使城市产生热岛效应，而且还不同程度地影响着周围地区的自然环境。第三、城市的生产生活污染，尤其是工业“三废”，干扰和破坏了所在地区的环境生态。第四、产生了大气、水、生态等方面的环境问题

对人文地理环境的影响 改变了土地利用方式；改变了景观与生态系统；改变了地方文化；促进社会经济的发展、文化的进步，但也产生了许多社会问题（如贫困、治安、人口老龄化和城市传统文化风貌破坏等）

城市化的积极影响由以下方面：第一、有利于拉动内需，促进经济增长。第二、缩小城乡差距，提高人民生活水准。第三、就业岗位多:城市能够创造出比较多的就业机会，大量吸收乡村剩余人口。劳动力从第一产业向第二、三产业逐渐转移。第四、城市化过程能够卓有成效地带动广大农村的发展，有利于改善地区产业结构。

第五城市化有助于提高工业生产的效率，工业化使城市化获得持续推进的动力。

对于城市化才去的措施有：第一，调整产业结构，提升人口素质。第二、建立卫生城、开发新区。第三、改善城市交通和居住条件。第四、保护和治理城市环境（控制污染物排放量，适当分散污染源；进行合理规划，合理安排各类用地）。加快经济发展，增加就业岗位

Refers to the city with the development of social productivity, a national or regional

scientific and technological progress and industrial structure adjustment, the society from the

traditional rural society dominated by agriculture to industry (second industries) and services

(third industries) the historical process of modern city society and other non-agricultural

industries based gradual transformation.

The negative impact of urbanization has the following aspects: first, large-scale urban

construction has changed the original natural environment, so that the original ecological

environment has undergone great changes. Second, changed the underlying surface of the

original nature, so that the city has a heat island effect, but also to varying degrees affect the

surrounding areas of the natural environment. Third, the urban production and living pollution,

especially the industrial "three wastes", disturb and destroy the environment ecology in the area.

Fourth, Environmental problems such as atmosphere, water and ecology have been produced

Influence of human geography environment changes the mode of land use change;

landscape and ecosystem change; local culture; promote the development of social economy and

the progress of the culture, but also generated a lot of social problems (such as poverty, security,

population aging and the city of traditional culture style destruction) The positive impact of urbanization is as follows: first, it is conducive to stimulating domestic

demand and promoting economic growth. Second, narrowing the gap between urban and rural

areas, improving people's living standards. Third, many jobs: the city can create more

employment opportunities, a large number of rural surplus population absorption. The labor

force shifts from the primary industry to the second, third industry. Fourth, the urbanization

process can effectively promote the development of the vast rural areas, and help to improve the

regional industrial structure.

Fifth, urbanization helps to improve the efficiency of industrial production, and

industrialization makes urbanization a driving force for sustainable development.

The measures for urbanization are as follows: first, adjust the industrial structure and

improve the quality of population. Second. Establish sanitary city and develop new district. Third,

improve urban traffic and living conditions. Fourth, protect and control the urban environment

(control the amount of pollutant discharge, properly disperse the pollution source, make

reasonable planning, arrange all kinds of land reasonably). Speed up economic development and

increase employment

As early as the primitive society changed to the slave society, the city appeared. However, in

a long period of time, urban development and urban population growth are extremely slow. Until

1800, the world's urban population accounted for only 3% of the total population. But in modern

times, with the raising of the industrial revolution. The emergence of large industrial machines

and large-scale socialized production, capitalist mode of production and development, to the

emergence of many emerging industrial city and commercial city, the city population increased

rapidly, city population is rising. The degree of urbanization is an important symbol of the

economic development of a country, especially the development of industrial production. City is

the symbol of human civilization and the center of people's economic, political and social life. The

degree of urbanization is an important symbol to measure the level of economy, society, culture

and science and technology of a country and region. It is also an important symbol to measure