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(this information is current as of October 7, 2009 ):The following resources related to this article are available online at

/cgi/content/full/304/5669/441version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the onlineUpdated information and services,

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/cgi/content/full/304/5669/441#otherarticles, 9 of which can be accessed for free: cites 25 articlesThis article

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Representation of similarity :a theory on visual cogn ition

CHEN Yu2

cui , ZHAN G Wei2

wei , SHEN Zheng (

Depa rt ment of Psychology , Beiji n g U ni versi ty , Bei ji n g 100871 , Chi n a)

(

This paper is dedicated to Professor Q IAO J ian - tian o n his 70t h birt hday. )

Abstract : Assessment s of similarity seem to be important for a variety of cognitive act s , ranging f ro m p roblem solving to categoriza2

tio n to memory ret rieval . Similarity is important p roperties to bot h human cognitive activities and co mp uter . Therefore interdisci2

plinary research has already accumulated a number of fact s and different t heories were p ut forward. According to t he p roposed t heory

of rep resentatio n of similarity , a shape is p resented internally by t he respo nse of a small number of t uned modules , each broadly selec2

现代电子技术ModernElectronicsTechnique2023年6月1日第46卷第11期Jun.2023Vol.46No.11

0引言脑机接口（BrainComputerInterface,BCI）是脑⁃计算机接口的简称，这是一种新人机交流的方式，可以直接将大脑皮层产生的神经元电活动转化为计算机或其他辅助设备的控制命令[1]。BCI系统分为侵入式和非侵入式两种类别。在侵入式BCI中，需要手术将传感器放置在大脑里面的不同脑区，实验要求比较高；非侵入性BCI可以从颅骨表面直接获取大脑活动，脑电图（Electroencephalogram,EEG）是获取BCI信号的一种形式，在使用中安全性高、便于携带、价格便宜、采集信号质量好，被广泛应用[2]。目前，BCI的研究主要集中在运动想象（MotorImagery,MI）、P300、SSVEP等方面，这是在某些情况下被触发的典型信号。其中，MI由于表现不复杂，可以自然、直观的命令方式实现控制，得到广泛研究[3⁃5]。在感觉运动节律上，不同的运动想象任务相关联的大脑活动会不同，这与相应的运动执行所产生的大脑活动相似[6⁃7]。EEG信号的缺点是采集的信号信噪比低、空间分辨率较差[8]。研究人员使用了很多不同的方法来解决这些问题。这里面使用最多的就是共空间模式（CommonSpatialPattern,CSP），实验结果证实CSP在提取MI⁃EEG特征中比较有效[9]。但是传统的CSP对滤波器频带、时间窗口和通道的选择非常敏感，使得在进行信号解码时基于正则化共空间模式的运动想象脑电信号解码刘化东，许博俊（昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院，云南昆明650500）摘要：运动想象⁃脑机接口（MI⁃BCI）是一种能对使用者的运动意图进行解码，无需任何外部刺激就能产生指令，可以为无法自主运动患者提供一种额外交互控制通道，辅助或改善其生活方式。公共空间模式（CSP）是MI⁃BCI的EEG信号解码的一种有效方法，但是还存在一些不足。CSP对滤波器频带、时间窗口和通道的选择非常敏感，因此文中提出了新的正则化CSP（RCSP）方法对传统的CSP进行优化。通过在公共BCI数据集上进行验证，得到了82.92%的分类准确率，相比经典的CSP算法准确率提升6%。研究结果表明RCSP是一种更加有效的MI⁃EEG信号解码方法，可以为后续MI⁃EEG在线系统的研究提供新的思路。关键词：脑机接口；运动想象；信号解码；脑电图；RCSP；特征提取算法；支持向量机；巴特沃斯滤波器；K近邻算法中图分类号：TN911.7⁃34；TP311.5文献标识码：A文章编号：1004⁃373X（2023）11⁃0051⁃04MotorimageryEEGsignaldecodingbasedonregularizedcommonspacepatternLIUHuadong,XUBojun(SchoolofInformationEngineeringandAutomation,KunmingUniversityofTechnology,Kunming650500,China)Abstract：Motorimagerybraincomputerinterface(MI⁃BCI)candecodetheuser′smotionintention.Itcangeneratecommandswithoutanyexternalstimulation,monspacepattern(CSP)isaneffectivemethodofEEGsignaldecodinginMI⁃BCI,butitstillhassomeshortcomings.CSPisverysensitivetotheselectionoffilterfrequencyband,timewindowandchannel,soanewregularizedCSP(RCSP)methodisproposedinthispapertooptimizethetraditionalCSP.ThemethodwasverifiedonthepublicBCIdataset.Theclassificationaccuracyofthemethodis82.7%,whichis6%higherthanthatoftheclassicalCSPalgorithm.TheresearchresultsshowthatRCSPisaneffectiveMI⁃EEGsignaldecodingmethod,whichcanprovideanewideaforthesubsequentresearchofMI⁃EEGonlinesystem.Keywords：braincomputerinterface;motorimagery;signaldecoding;electroencephalogram;RCSP;featureextractionalgorithm;supportvectormachine;Butterworthfilter;K⁃nearestneighboralgorithmDOI：10.16652/j.issn.1004⁃373x.2023.11.009引用格式：刘化东，许博俊.基于正则化共空间模式的运动想象脑电信号解码[J].现代电子技术，2023，46（11）：51⁃54.

济慈名诗夜莺颂中英对照欣赏(2)

济慈诗歌欣赏带翻译篇三

TO AUTUMN 秋颂

by John Keats

(查良铮译)

SEASON of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;

To bend with apples the moss’d cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;

To swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding more,

And still more, later flowers for the bees,

Until they think warm days will never cease,

For Summer has o’er-brimm’d their clammy cells.

雾气洋溢、果实圆熟的秋，

你和成熟的太阳成为友伴;

你们密谋用累累的珠球，

缀满茅屋檐下的葡萄藤蔓;

使屋前的老树背负着苹果，

让熟味透进果实的心中，

使葫芦胀大，鼓起了榛子壳，

好塞进甜核;又为了蜜蜂

一次一次开放过迟的花朵，

使它们以为日子将永远暖和，

因为夏季早填满它们的粘巢。

Who hasth not seen thee oft amid thy store? Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,