1.What 和whatever都可以引导名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语
从句，表语从句，同位语从句），但意义略有不同。What相当于the thing that，而whatever相当于anything that。
例句：
1)主语从句)
The thing that you need is a good meal.(先行词为the thing 的定语从句)
2）I’宾语从句) （意为：我会给她她需
要的东西。）
I’ll give her the thing that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句)
3）I’宾语从句) （我会给她任何她需要
的东西。）
I’ll give her anything that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句)
比较2）和3）组例句体会what 和whatever在语义上的不同。
2.Whatever 可以引导让步状语从句，what不可以。
1)Whatever she needs, I’ll give it to her.
2)You’ll have our support, whatever you decide.
Whatever引导的状语从句可以转换为：no matter what引导的句子
3)No matter what she needs, I’ll give it to her.
4)You’ll have our support, no matter what you decide.
5)I ’ve decided to leave tomorrow, no matter what (happens). 不管
发生什么情况，我已决定明天走。
6)In our company, every body is well taken care of, no matter what
his position (is). 在我们公司，每个人都得到很好的照顾，不管
他地位如何。
3.Who，whom 和whoever以及whomever的区别（语义不同，可
以引导的从句不同，在从句中的作用不同）
1）Who 可以做名词性从句连接词，也可以做定语从句关系代词，在从句中做主语或替代主语。（口语中也可以用who替代whom）2）Whom 可以做名词性从句连接词，也可以做定语从句关系代词，在从句中做宾语或替代宾语。（不可以用whom 代替who）
3）Whoever 和whomever可以做名词性从句连接词，也可以做定语从句关系代词，和who 和whom的区别主要在意思不同，Whoever 和whomever表示“无论谁”。
4）Whoever 和whomever可以引导状语从句，转换成no matter who 或者no matter whom 的句子。（同whatever一样）
比较以下一组句子：
The man who called yesterday wants to buy the house. (定语从句，先行词在从句中做主语)
The man whom called yesterday wants to buy the house. （×）
Can you tell me to whom you are writing? (介词后的宾语从句)
Can you tell me who you are writing to? （口语中也可以用who替代whom）（宾从）
He was free to marry whomever he chose. (宾语从句)
He was free to marry her, no matter whom he chose. (状语从句)
says that is a liar. （说这话的人是一个骗子）（主语从句）
says that is a liar. (说这话的那个人是一个骗子)（定从）No matter who says that, he is a liar. (状语从句)
who的五种用法 今天给大家带来了who用法,我们一起来学习学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 who的五种用法 who的用法：who用作疑问代词时，意思是“谁”,一般只用来指人，在句中用作宾语或主语;who用作限制性或非限制性的关系代词，意思是“…的人,那个…”等。 1、who用作疑问代词时,意思是“谁”,一般只用来指人,在句中用作宾语或主语。who用作限制性或非限制性的关系代词,意思是“…的人,那个…”“他,她,他们”,在句中作主语。 指某一组织机构的成员时也可用who,此时应用复数形式的谓语。 I wonder who that letter was from. 我不知道是谁来的信。 2、who用作限制性或非限制性的关系代词,意思是“…的人,那个…”“他,她,他们”,在句中作主语。
The people (who) we met in France have sent us a card. 我们在法国结识的人给我们寄来了一张贺卡。 3、指某一组织机构的成员时也可用who,此时应用复数形式的谓语。 4、在there be, here be后用作主语的关系代词who可以省略。 5、从有限的人或物中进行明确的对比性选择时用which而不用who。 Who、whom、whose傻傻分不清之who的用法大全 who、whom、whose你认清了吗? 其实我们经常会傻傻分不清楚像这样子类型引导的疑问句，甚至有时候不知道怎样去进行表达，感觉都是对的，然后又感觉都是错的。所以，只有踏踏实实的吧这几个who、whom、whose 分清楚，真正的了解他们的区别和用法，拿在之后的中英互译中才不会出现让人尴尬的错误。 who 对人提问翻译成“谁” 在句子中做主语(也可作宾语) whom 对人提问翻译成“谁” 在句子中只做宾语
who在句子中作主语，相当于名词、人称代词主格，译为“谁”，后面不加名词，whose在居中作定语，相当于形容词，用来代替名词所有格、人称代词所有格，译为“谁的”后面必须加名词，问事物是用whose问人时用who。 定语从句中who，whom，whose的用法的区别 1.关系代词who、whom的用法 who和whom均只用于指人，不用于指事或物，其中who在定语从句中用作主语，whom在定语从句中用作宾语。如： I met a girl who knew your sister. 我碰到一个认识你姐姐的姑娘。 In Berlin, he first met the woman whom he would one day marry. 在柏林，他第一次遇见那个女人，后来他终于跟她结了婚。 She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadn’t met before. 她把我介绍给她丈夫，我以前没见过他。 但是，用作宾语的whom如果不是紧跟在介词之后，通常会被省略或用who, that代之。如： The person to whom I complained is the manager. 我向他投诉的那个人是经理。 The person (who, whom, that) I complained to is the manager. 我向他投诉的那个人是经理。 2.关系代词whose的用法
关系代词whose既可用于指人，也可用于指事或物，它在定语从句中主要用作定语。如： She is the woman whose car was stolen. 她就是汽车被盗的那个女人。 This is the house whose windows were broken. 这就是窗户被打破了的房子。 Mrs. Gray, whose children are in college, is trying to get a job. 格雷太太的孩子们都在上大学，她想找一份工作。 His house, whose windows were all broken, was a depressing sight. 他的房子窗户无一完好，一派令人心酸的景象。
句子：简单句（主谓宾、主系表）、复杂句（并列句、复合句） 复合句：包含从句的句子 从句：定语从句（Adj. clause）、名词性从句(Noun. clause)、状语从句(Adv. clause) 名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 定语从句：当一个句子作定语时，这个句子就叫定语从句 位置：被修饰词后 引导词： 关系代词：that, which, who, whose, whom（代指一个名词，在从句中作主语或宾语） 关系副词：where, when, how, why（代指一个介词短语，在从句中作状语） 1、The girl who wears a red dress is my sister. (who代指the girl, 作从句主语) 2、I like the book that I borrowed from you. (that代指the book,作从句宾语) 3、I like the book whose cover is blue.(whose cover代指the book’s cover, 作从句主语) 4、She is the girl with whom I want to travel. (whom代指the girl,作从句宾语) 5、This is the place where we met for the first time. (where=in which代指in the place，作状语) 主句：This is the place. 从句：We met for the first time in the place. ---we met for the first time in which--- in which we met for the first time (in which=where) 区别：This is the place that I want you to see. (主句：This is the place. 从句：I want you to see the place. 代指the place 用that) 6、Vocation is a period of time when/in which we can enjoy ourselves. 主句：Vocation is a period of time. 从句：We can enjoy ourselves in the period of time. Vocation is a period of time that I can not forget. 7. This is the reason why I love you. (why=for which) This is the reason. I love you for the reason. 8. This is the way how I helped her. (how=in which) 关系副词（where, when, how, why）=介词+which 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别： I like sports, which can help me keep fit.（我喜欢运动，它能帮我保持身材。） I like sports which can help me keep fit. （我喜欢那些能帮我保持身材的运动。） 限定性定语从句：没逗号，表示限定修饰，翻译成汉语时，要把从句翻译到被修饰词前，那个……的；那些……的某物 非限定定语从句：有逗号，表示补充，汉英语序一致 例如：Students who have studied hard passed the exam. 那些学习努力的学生通过了考试。Students, who have studied hard passed the exam. 学生都很努力，他们都通过了考试。 名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 引导词：wh全套，that What/that区别：what强调内容、东西，在从句中一般代指主语或宾语；that不强调任何内容，不作任何成分，没有任何实际含义 What my mother bought is my favorite. (主语从句)
Attributive clause Lesson 3 Teaching Aims and Demands 1.Get the students to know the relative pron “who”, “whom” . 2.Get the students to know what the functions of every relative pron are in the attributive clause. 3.Learn the use of “prep + whom ” 4.Learn the difference between “who” , “whom” The important points 1.The use of relative pron “ who ,whom” 2.The difference of them. The difficult points The definite use of the relative pron, and the relation with the language situation. Teaching Methods Communication way of teaching, discussion and group work.
(一)、关系代词 1、关系代词who (1) 、关系代词who在句中做主语, 它的先行词是指人的名词或代词 She looked at Jeff who was waving his arms.她看着正在招手的杰夫。 I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.我有个喜欢古典音乐的朋友. （2）、关系代词who可以引导非限定性定语从句 Betty , who has never been abroad, is studying English very well. He , who led the United States through these years, was shot on April 14, 1965. （3）、先行词如果是指人物成员的集体名词，关系代词也用who The family who live upstairs are fond of music.住在楼上的这家人喜欢音乐. This class, who have got tickets will go to the theatre this morning.这个班级的同学都拿到了票,今天上午去看戏. 2、关系代词whom （1）、关系代词whom在从句中做宾语，口语中常省去，它的先行词也是指人的名词或代词 The family (whom )I ’m staying with lives in town. Where is the comrade (whom) I saw this morning ? The boy( whom )John spoke to is my brother. （2）、定语从句中的介词前置到whom之前，whom不可以省略。 The family with whom I ’m staying lives in town. The boy to whom John spoke is my brother. （3）、whom关系代词可以引导非限定性定语从句 His mother , whom he loved dearly , died in 1918. 3、关系代词who 和whom 的区别 （1）、在非正式文体中关系代词who可以代替whom做宾语，且可以省略
who和whom的区别 2008-01-09 16:27:16| 分类：English|字号大中小订阅 Whom 只能出现在从句里面或是介词（如to, from, at, of..）后面。 1．Whom 出现在从句里面时，所有用whom的地方都可以用who代替。Whom 这个词只出现在很正式的书面语。口语不用。 2．Whom 在介词（如to, from, at, of..）后面时，不可替换。 Who told you the story? （主语） Who is that man over there? （主语补语） Whom/ Who did you meet at the airport? （宾语） Whom did you give the book to? （介词宾语） whom是who的宾格，在现代英语中一般只用于书面体，在口语中WHO 可以做主语，又可以做宾语 WHOM只能做宾语 例子：1,who are you? 不能是whom are you? 2,This book belongs to whom/who?两者都可以语中通常用who，但在介词后只能用whom。WHO 是主格，WHOM是宾格 e.g Who will go to the theatre with you? With whom will you go to the theatre? whom did you give the pen to？这一句句首用Who 也行，但是当to提前时就只能用whom Who did you give the pen to? To whom did you give the pen? 定语从句 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。 一、限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要
定语从句中：who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解 在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意： 一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形 (1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom).如： My sister,who is studying abroad,sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas.我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物. (2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom).如： Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students?你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗? (3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom).如： Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那儿的人请来这边. (4) 当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom).如：Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人. (5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who.如： The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来. (6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom).如： There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我们班有些学生你见过. (7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that,那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who.如： The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟. 二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
引导定语从句的关系代词who,which有时可与that互换使用。但在下面情况，一般只用that。 一、当先行词为不定代词anything, everything, nothing, any, little, one, few, much, all, none 等时。如：a.There isn't much that I can do. b.He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes. 二、当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：a.The book is the best that I have read. b.This is the biggest laboratory that we have ever built in our university. 三、当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时。如：a. It is the third one that I've bought. b.This is the first place that I've ever visited. 四、当先行词被the very, the only等词修饰时。如：a.Is this the very museum that you visited the other day? b.This is the only book that I need at present. 五、当先行词包含了人和事物两方面的含义时。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 六、当先行词被same修饰，且指“同一物品”时。如：She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday. 七、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：a.This is no longer the place that it used to be. b.He is not the man that he was. 八、当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时。如： a.Which is the book that he bought yesterday? b.Who that you have ever seen can beat him in 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名次性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 一、限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在 从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which 在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间（〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导） By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
of whom和of which用法归纳 1. of表示同位关系：即用于在A+of+B结构，其中的A和B为同位关系。如： Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子，都在国外工作，他们每周都给她打电话来。 We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof. 我们已经测试过300种靴子，没有一种是完全防水的。 2. of表示整体与部分的关系：即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。如： He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a c limb. 他和一队人一起去了，其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。 The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。 I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的 人们，其中有几个人是大学生。 3. of表示所属关系：即of用于构成所有格。如： He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书，书名我给忘了。 The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏 的房子现在已经修好了。 4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配：即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。如： He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚，你可能听说过这个人。(介词of与动词hear构成固定搭配，意为“听说”) 注意：介词of后面除接关系代词which, whom外，有时也可能是whose。如： She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊，它的两只眼睛都丢了。 表示部分与整体of which/whom 在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用…of which/whom或者of which/whom…都可以。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, none, either, neither, a quarter, a number, the larger, the smallest, the majority等。
定语从句中that与who的用法区别 1. 两者均可指人，有时可互换（包括当先行词为all, anyone, someone等，同时也包括先行词受the only等的修饰时）： All that [who] heard him were delighted. He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian. Anyone who [that] is over sixteen is allowed in. It is impolite to turn your back on someone who [that] is speaking to you. 2. 但是在下列情况，通常要用that： ①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时： I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. ②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)： Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? ③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)： Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 3. 但是在下列情况，通常要用who： 当先行词为those 且指人时，英语习惯上要用who 来引导定语从句。如：Those who do not wish to go need not go. Those who couldn’t walk were carried on stretchers. 那些不能走的人都用担架抬着。It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 据说吃得最多的人身体最差。 Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。The plan was supported by those who wished to listen to more good English. 这计划受到想多听好英语的人的支持。 Let us spend a few moments in silence so that / in order that we remember those who died to preserve our freedom. 让我们默哀片刻，以缅怀那些为维护我们的自由而牺牲了的人们。注：偶尔也可见到在who 之后用that 引导定语从句的用例，但相当少见。如： The danger is that people who pay their bills on time will be lumped in with those that don’t. 危险的是那些及时付账的人将会同那些不及时付账的人混在一起。 定语从句中which\ that 的用法与区别 使用that的情况： 1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 e.g. I have some books that are very good. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 e.g. This is the first book that I bought mysel f. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g. Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting. 5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was. 6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that . Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住： 1.what不能引导定语从句. 2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。 一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 试分析： The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Bei jing . The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmast er. （=The man who/whom that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）注： A．指人时有时只用who不宜用that。 1．先行词为one、ones或anyone （1）The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and work s hard. （2）Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. 2．先行词为these时 These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school. 3．在there be 开头的句子中 There is a student who wants to see you. 4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。 The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards. 5．在非限制性定语从句中 A。
1.What 和whatever都可以引导名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语 从句，表语从句，同位语从句），但意义略有不同。What相当于the thing that，而whatever相当于anything that。 例句： 1)What you need is a good meal. (主语从句) The thing that you need is a good meal.(先行词为the thing 的定语从句) 2）I’ll give her what she needs. (宾语从句) （意为：我会给她她需要的东西。） I’ll give her the thing that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句) 3）I’ll give her whatever she needs. (宾语从句) （我会给她任何她需要的东西。） I’ll give her anything that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句) 比较2）和3）组例句体会what 和whatever在语义上的不同。 2.Whatever 可以引导让步状语从句，what不可以。 1)Whatever she needs, I’ll give it to her. 2)You’ll have our support, whatever you decide. Whatever引导的状语从句可以转换为：no matter what引导的句子 3)No matter what she needs, I’ll give it to her.
英语句子中什么时候用that、who、whom、whose、which、when、in which等 in which是先行词为某个地方时候用的，相当于where on which就是先行词是某一天，相当于when which就是先行词是某一样物体，一件事 who就是先行词为人的时候用的 whom就是先行词是人，而且是有介词或者是宾语 例如：The man whom I met yesterday is his father 因为是I met “him” whose就是先行词是谁的、人或物体的都行，表示那样东西是属于我或者某件物体的 that就是可以代who which的 不过有些情况下是不可以用的 就是在非限定性定语从句里面 不过有些情况是必须得用的 就是先行词是不定代词，比如anything something 先行词中有最高级修饰的是候也只能用that 先行词包括人和物也是用that 定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which，as 。 关系副词有：when, where, why ,how 。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 、关系代词引导的定语从句 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换),
英语中总共有六大从句,区分方法,用法,及例子如下： 1.主语从句 1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末.常见的句型有： *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语. What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序. How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后.连词that常可省略.介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句.in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是）已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句. *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后. He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式. He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中.表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导.that常可省略.如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because. Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America. The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller. 4.同位语从句 同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导.常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后. She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show. I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
英语定语从句中怎样用who，whom，whose，that，which 定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子. 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出. 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which,as . 关系副词有：when, where, why ,how . 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又可做定语从句的一个成分.当关系代词做宾语时可以省略. 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致. 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句. 1 、关系代词引导的定语从句 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3)which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物,that 和Who 都可以指人,其用法区别： 1）不用that的情况