摘要迄今为止，地球上的气候自始至终都在不停地变化。
气候变化具有周期性和波动性，包括偶然性和突发性波动的基本特征。
在漫长的气候史上，地球气候经历过冷暖交替的冰河期和间冰期的巨大的变化。
在最冷的冰河期里，地球表面的平均气温比现在约低7-9 ° C;在最温暖的间冰期里，平均气温比现在约高8-12 ° G影响地球气候变化的自然因素主要包括：太阳辐射变化，地球轨道参数的改变，大气物质成分变化，大气气溶胶的变化，云的变化，大气下垫面的特性，海水温度的变化，地表冰雪覆盖面积的变化，等等;人为因素主要包括：砍伐森林，开垦荒地，开发工业区，扩大城市范围，燃烧大量化石燃料等活动。
关键词：气候变化地球ABSTRACTSo far, the global climate has been changing from time to time, which is basically characterized by the cycling and fluctuating, among which it is including accident, or erupted fluctuation. On the history of the global climate, the global climate has been undergoing the very large change, which included glacial period and interval-glacial period that both were alternately changing by the cold and warming. In the cold glacial period, the average temperature of global surface was about 79 °C lower tha n that in the moder n time, and in the warming interval-glacial period, the average temperature of global surface was about —2 C higher than that in the modern time. The natural factors that impact the global climatemainly include the sun radiation, the parameters of the earth moving orbit, the atmospheric substance, the atmospheric aerosol, the cloud, the features of the bottom surface of the atmosphere, the temperature of the sea water, the covering arias of the ice and snow of the global surface, and so on. And the anthropogenic factors include the deforestation, bringing the barren land under cultivation, developing the industry zones, extending the range of the cities, and burning of the large amount of the fossil fuels, and so on.Keywords: climate change, globe目录1 概论 (1)1.1 概述 (1)1.2 定义 (1)1.3 地史历史上的气候变化 (1)1.4 近代气候变化 (4)1.5 现代气候变化背景 (4)2 气候变化的原因 (5)2.1 客观世界的影响 (5)2.1.1 太阳辐射的变化 (5)2.1.2 大气环流形势和大气化学组成成分的变化 (8)2.1.3 下垫面地理条件的变化 (9)2.2 人为因素 (10)2.2.1 人类活动改变下垫面 (10)2.2.2 温室气体排放过度 (12)2.3 气候变化原因新说 (13)3 气候变化的影响与危害 (14)3.1 冰川消融 (14)3.2 极端气候 (15)3.3 粮食减产 (15)3.4 海平面上升 (16)3.5 物种灭绝 (16)3.6 空气污染 (17)4. 国际间的主张与对策 (17)4.1 人造工程 (18)4.1.1 沙漠造林 (18)4.1.2 生物碳 (18)4.1.3 海藻农场 (19)4.2 新能源 (19)4.2.1 风能 (20)4.2.1 太阳能 (20)5. 气候变化趋势预测 (21)5.1 减缓变暖 (21)5.2 新冰河期 (22)参考文献 (22)1 概论1.1 概述迄今为止，地球上的气候始终都在不停地变化。
