公共管理学专业英语词汇整理

管理学英语词汇（1）目标mission/objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity 激励motivate动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product管理学必备英语词汇服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory（2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives 评价工具appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness机会opportunity威胁threat 个人责任personal responsibility顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll（4）策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy 战术tactics(5)追随followership个性individuality性格personality安全safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵制resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic(6)激励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7)特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free-rein leader管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership参与型领导participative leadership指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non-performing loan层层转包和违法分包multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five-category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood-prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow-up auditing工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state-owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro-active fiscal policy 基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges, fund-raising,quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currencyunder false pretenses,not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion,tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based; informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power;Knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel 三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state“**”"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局T aiwan authorities台湾同胞T aiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

管综英语词汇管综英语词汇（Comprehensive English Vocabulary）是指涉及各个领域的英语词汇。

以下是一些常用的管综英语词汇：1. Business（商业）：company, marketing, sales, finance, management, investment, profit, strategy, competition, entrepreneur- 公司，市场营销，销售，财务，管理，投资，利润，战略，竞争，企业家2. Education（教育）：school, teacher, student, curriculum, exam, grade, university, research, knowledge, learning- 学校，教师，学生，课程，考试，成绩，大学，研究，知识，学习3. Health（健康）：doctor, hospital, medicine, patient, disease, treatment, prevention, nutrition, exercise, lifestyle- 医生，医院，药物，病人，疾病，治疗，预防，营养，运动，生活方式4. Environment（环境）：climate change, pollution, conservation, sustainability, renewable energy, recycling, biodiversity, deforestation, carbon footprint, waste management- 气候变化，污染，保护，可持续性，可再生能源，回收，生物多样性，森林砍伐，碳足迹，废物管理5. Technology（技术）：internet, computer, smartphone, software, hardware, digital, social media, artificial intelligence,virtual reality, automation- 互联网，电脑，智能手机，软件，硬件，数字化，社交媒体，人工智能，虚拟现实，自动化6. Politics（政治）：government, president, democracy, election, policy, legislation, diplomacy, power, corruption, international relations- 政府，总统，民主，选举，政策，立法，外交，权力，腐败，国际关系7. Culture（文化）：art, music, literature, film, theater, religion, tradition, language, customs, heritage- 艺术，音乐，文学，电影，剧院，宗教，传统，语言，风俗习惯，文化遗产8. Science（科学）：biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, experiment, hypothesis, research, theory, discovery, innovation- 生物学，化学，物理学，数学，实验，假设，研究，理论，发现，创新这只是管综英语词汇的一小部分，实际上还有很多其他的领域和相关词汇。

公共治理硕士MP重要英语词汇一览公共治理硕士(MP)重要英语词汇一览公共治理硕士（MP）重要英语词汇一览（一）norml, rdite发射, uthority,compnion同事同伴, concept概念, crete,creture, dentist, identify鉴别, identicl同一的, identity认出, engge 使……雇佣、聘用, entitle给……权利、资格, evlute估价,fluid、solid流体、固体，influence, fortune, fulfill, generl, intense 紧张的、强烈的、剧烈的, interpret解释、说明、口译, justice 正义、公平, djust, judge, minor次要的、未成年的, observe遵守、测评、评估, deserve应受、值的, preserve保护、维护、维持, prllel平行的、并列的, percept知觉、对象, stuff塞满、原料, surroundings, trnsport, trnsmit, trnsform, undergo, wnder, wonder惊讶, widespred广泛的、普遍的, mbition雄心、大志, pproch, brief服, custom, desperte不顾一切的、拼命的，凶暴的、极我危险的, encourge, discourge使沮丧, economic, economy, motive, promote促使, emotionl感情的、情绪的, motion动机, fil to, flt, instll, intimte, limit, mjor主修的、成年的, no mtter, neutrl中立的, outlet出品、销路、电源插座, perform 履行、执行, inform告知, forml外形的、正式的、合理的（三）conquer, result, consult参考、请教, insult, 侮辱、冒犯，deliberte深思熟虑的、有准备的, despir无望、失望的, compre, emergence出现、露出, emergency，estblish, exhust, expnd, fde, frustrte挫败、破坏，使无效, hndy便于携带的, incredible 不可信的, inherit, conference会议、协商会, infer推断、推理, offer, interfere, length, mnufcture制造、加工, mood心情、情绪、气氛, necessity, noble高XX的、XX族, occsion, occsionl, output 产量、产品、输出, overse, pttern, plunge, prctice, prcticl, recognize, relese, rescue救援、挽救, mintin, remin, obtin,（四）entertin娱乐，rurl农村的, urbn城市的, similr to, tril试验、临时性的, tril踪迹、痕迹, witness目击、目睹, bsolute, ccumulte积存, in dvnce 有远见、有前、预先, dvnced, dvntge, gent代理, ppel, ppliction 申请表, point, ppoint, pproximte, brrier, clim声称、声明, climte, complicte使复杂、使陷入, comprise包含、包括, considerble相当多的,resume重新开始、boundry分界, frontier国界, nullity无效行为的, debte争辩, decrese, increse, reduce减小, include, conclude推断, exclude拒绝、逐出, federl联合的、联邦的, firm, forecst预报,foresee预见、预知, grteful感谢的, integrte, divide, individul 个人的, fence, defense防卫, offend冒犯, portion 部分, proper, property财产,poverty贫穷，reputtion, restrict, loyl 忠心的, royl王室的、盛大的, spot污点, terminl终点、末期的, lter, lternte轮流、交替, lterntive二中选一, concrete具体的、混凝土的, consequent随之的、必定发生的, explode使爆炸, explore勘探, exploit开发、开采、开拓, hesitte犹XX、支支吾吾的,（七）imgine, influence, innocent清白的, guilty有罪的, persude, possess占有, smple, support, vitl, burden, elect 选举, select, collect, collective集合的、集体的, contribute贡献, distribute分发, ttribute归因于, buse滥用, prejudice 偏见, void, escpe, cpture捕获, compete, effort, enthusism, involve包含、使陷于, evolve使进展、逐渐成形, imply暗示、意味, reply, multiply乘加、多元化, issue, modify修饰, occur, opponent, prefer, refer, publish, punish, rte, wrd奖品、授予, rewrd酬劳, shelter掩蔽, skim扫瞄,（八）in spite of, temporry临时的, vehicle交通工具, ncestor ssocite, refuse, confuse, describe, disply, due to, error, essentil, fresh, obvious, visible,invisible看不见的, previous, recll, relte, soil, spoil损坏, stimulte刺激、激励, suffer, tense, ccompny, nlyze, conflict 战斗, convenient, derive源自、起源, deprive剥夺, thrive兴盛、繁荣, dominte, element, gllery美术馆、走廊, intervl时间间隔, lock, lck, mtch比赛、火柴, idel, relity, ignore, ignornt 无知、愚昧, independent,（九）inspire激发, motion动机, promote促进, remote遥远、冷淡的, motive运动的、目的、主旨, numerous许多的, relevnt有关的, retret, stright, suicide, trick, weigh,tempt诱惑、吸引, ttempt, contrct, ttrct, cndidte候补的, commercil 商业的, communicte, contin, coordinte使协调, respond回应、作出反映, correspond通信、相当、符合, emphsis, enclose随信附上, focus, instinct 本能、直觉, investigte, invest, mnner, mere仅仅, nerve神经中枢, politicl, policy, relible可靠的、可信赖的, resemble相似的, ssemble 集中、召集, shpe外形, sophisticte世故的, stin污点, （十）strin紧张的、过度疲劳的, symbol, triumph胜利、成功, upright, vigorous精力旺盛、有力的, benefit, profit, chrcterize,circumstnce环境、境况, chin store, concentrte, delegte 派……为代表, diligent勤奋的, dispute争论, estimte, fctor, intentionl有意的, occupy占据, inject, reject, object, project, subject, scenery, survive, revive使XX、有效, temper, vry, ccelerte, behve, concern, continue, deny, distnce, insure保险, invde使……侵略, mture成熟、成年人的, mentl, monitor, mysterious, neglect忽视、忽略,（十一）purpose, rw生的、未加工的, refurbish再磨光, remove, restore修复, resort 求助、讼诸, scrcely仅仅、几乎不, specific 特有的, trget, lrm, pprove 赞成, certify证明、保证, certificte 证书, frost霜、严峻的, fund, genuine真诚的, intend, mteril, memory, primitive原始的, propose建议、提议, ruin, shdow, contrry相反的, sufficient充分的, ccent, ctully, dequte, nxious, ttch系上、附上, wkwrd笨拙的、尴尬的, budget, cpture捕获、赢得, chnnel, circulte使循环、使流通, community社团, compny, consent 同意赞成, cooperte合作、协作, cultivte耕种、培养, deprt走开、逝去的, devote奉献、献身,denote表示、指示（十二）dismiss解散、开除, distnt, enhnce, eventully最后、终于, fierce, mnge, overnight通宵的, pssion激情, pssive被动的、消极的, postpone, progress, pursue, rect, render呈交、归还, sense, tret, trety条约、协定, cpcity容量、能力, civilin平民、公务员, compel强迫, contrdiction 反驳、矛盾、抵触, crck暇疵、爆裂, curiosity, deprture启程、离开, devise设计、发明、图谋, device设备、装置, secure安全的, ccurte周密的、准确的, depend 依靠, distinguish区别, plin平原, complin, explin, finncil, hurt, injure, hrm, destroy, ruin, comprise ,contin, embody使具体化,subsume包含, construct建筑, structure结构, isolte使隔离, lbor, tsk, overlook远眺, overcome战胜、克服, resist抵抗, insist, stte 声明、陈述, supreme最高的, superior较高的, volume卷、体积, bsorb, ccount, chieve, universl全体的, convert, reverse 颠覆、相反, pply, pplicble适用的, pplicnt申请者,ppliction请求、申请, brod, bord, cncel, csul 偶然的、随意的, cncer, clssify分类、分级, comfort, submit递交、投降、服从, permit许可, emit发出、射出, complex, conduct行为、举止, constnt, core核心、果核, demnd, commnd命令、指令, comment评论、解释, commend 表扬,（十三）mentl, recommend推举、介绍, mention, design, signl 信号, significnt意义重大的, protect, detect, point, ppoint约定、指定, ppointment, disppoint,durtion持续时间长, durble耐久的, employ, excess过分、过量, exceed超出, success, succeed, process, proceed, flse, indicte指出、显示、象征, predict预言预知, opportunity, personl, pose, dispose决定、处置, expose揭露, suppose假定、料想, oppose反对、对比, compose组成, impose征税、欺骗、强加, deposit储蓄, poison, poverty, cutious小心的、慎重的, prove, improve改进、改善, record, relieve减轻, （十四）sincere, troop, upset, violent, welfre, bundnt, dvocte, ffect, effect, effective, efficient, cmpign, cuse, commission, component, content, intention, crisis, critic, criticl, destintion, discrd, discipline, nticipte, prticipte, principl, principle, fmilir, feture, fesible, indifferent, provide, recover, stndrd, thorough, morlly, virtully, del with, cope（十五）with, doubt, 执行, density, corportion, currency, current, demonstrte, countless, discount , extrordinry, grdute, grdully, precious, precise, pprecite, reluctnt, unwilling, shrp, shpe, source, strength, length, supply, drop, endure, evident, enormous, intensive, preference, produce, reflect, scle, semester, shift, tlent, thret, typicl, vin,volunteer,（十六）ccomplish, nlysis, ssist, persist, insist, resist, consist, colony, confront, conventionl, descend, donte, elementry, eliminte, frequent, incline, instnt, merit, militry, prevent, represent, restrin, cdemic, vilble, chllenge, continent, elborte, function, generous, illustrte, mesure, nrrow, option, phenomenon, prohibit, pnic, pretend, prompt, regulte, shrink, swllow, uniform, rtificil, creture, determine, distinct, encounter, environment, ftiguecontend 争论、竞争者cosmos 秩序、完整体系elsewhere 在别处fbricte 捏造humbly 谦恭的offend 冒犯的primry 首要的、最初的privilege 特权refine 精炼resolve 决心、解决strikingly 醒目的、引人注目的superior 较高的trit 人的个性、特征understnding 谅解、通情达理的vlidte 证实、确证、有法律效力的wheres 但是、而。

管理学英语词汇(1)目标mission/ objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity激励motivate 动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product管理学必备英语词汇服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self—actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory(2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach 数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear 忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives 评价工具appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness机会opportunity威胁threat个人责任personal responsibility顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll（4）策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy战术tactics（5）追随followership个性individuality性格personality安全safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵制resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic(6）激励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory 反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7）特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free—rein leader 管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership 参与型领导participative leadership 指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non—performing loan层层转包和违法分包multi—level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five—category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood—prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non—bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow-up auditing 工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state—owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro—active fiscal policy 基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges，fund-raising, quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for low—income urban residents信息化information—based；informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power；Knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas—funded enterprises下岗职工laid—off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel 三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law—and-order situation 民族国家nation state“*＊” ”independence of Taiwan”台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。