蓝星东丽膜科技(北京)有限公司推出新品——TB-HF-4040型苦咸水淡

氧化电位水及其应用氧化电位水发展历史日本是电解水机的发源地，也是目前发展较好的国家1931年，根据长寿地区的水质特点，日本研制出世界上第一台电解水机；1932年，日本开始电解水对动植物影响的研究；1954年，民用电解装置研制成功。

农业用电解装置开始销售；1960年，饮用电解水装置开始申请成为医疗器械；1966年，日本签发饮用装置的第1号药械认证《医疗用电解水生成器械》；1974年，电解水机引入韩国；1976年，电解水机引入美国；1979年，在日本，新一代连续式饮用装置认证通过；1982年，日本开始研究强酸性水；1989年，日本成立“水设计研究会”和“水科学研究会”。

会员企业达600多家，主要研究强酸性水的杀菌效果；1993年，日本厚生省管辖的“功能水研究振兴财团”设立了约5亿日元的基金，着重研究强酸性水在医学、牙科领域的应用；1994年，日本厚生省（相当于国家卫生部）成立“电解水研究委员会”；1994年，中国开始涉足电解水领域；1999年，中国功能水研究促进会在北京成立；1995年，以科学角度，再次对电解水装置认证；1996年，在医学领域“手部的清洁杀菌用途”发布；1997年，“使用酸水消毒内试镜清洗用途”，被认可用于医疗用具；2002年，中国被指定为安全的食品添加物，并广泛地利用在医疗器械物体表面的杀菌和消毒，以及食品消毒、食品加工设施除菌和食物洗涤等方面；2002年，卫生部颁发《消毒技术规范》用于餐饮具、瓜果蔬菜的消毒和物品表面的消毒以及内镜的冲洗消毒。

2009年，卫生部发布WS310.2-2009《医院消毒供应中心》第2部分清洗消毒及灭菌技术操作规范，用于手工清洗后不锈钢和其它非金属材质的器械、器具和物品灭菌前的消毒。

氧化电位水的由来在自来水中加入少量的食盐经过特殊装置，以电解方式所生成的酸性氧化电位水(electrolized strong acid water)和碱性氧化电位水(electrolized strong alkaline water)，统称为氧化电位水。

6http://www.jsbwa ter .com业界Tra de水工业市场年第期天津膜天膜科技有限公司以浸没式膜过滤技术中标53200吨/天再生水项目在日前进行的天津纪庄子再生水厂改扩建工程项目——微滤、反渗透设备工程项目国际招标中，经过激烈角逐，天津膜天膜科技有限公司凭借卓越的创新技术和雄厚的工程实力，战胜众多国际著名品牌产品和厂商，以浸没式连续膜过滤（SM F ）技术一举中标该项目，这是目前国内规模最大的采用浸没式连续膜过滤（SMF ）技术的再生水项目，也是国产SMF 技术第一个大型工程化应用项目。

天津纪庄子再生水厂由天津创业环保股份有限公司旗下天津中水有限公司经营管理，为缓解水资源紧缺，保证陈塘庄电厂扩能项目生产用水的需求，经国家发改委审批同意，采用国家拉动内需资金，启动了天津纪庄子再生水厂改扩建工程项目，该项目由中国技术进出口总公司通过国际招标的方式进行公开招标，共有5家国内外著名水处理公司及膜品牌厂商参与竞标。

天津膜天膜科技有限公司采用浸没式膜过滤（SMF ）技术对该项目进行工程设计，充分利用现有条件，对现有砂滤站进行膜法改造，在不增加新的构筑物的前提下，将原来日处理2万吨污水的砂过滤改造成为日处理5.32万吨污水的膜过滤，并新建1.2万吨/天的反渗透脱盐系统。

该工程项目预计在2009年10月竣工，建成投产后，可充分满足天津陈塘庄电厂对生产用水的需求，该厂也将停止过去使用海河水作为生产工艺用水源，最大限度地减少对地表水资源的占用。

同时，该项目还将向天津南部地区的各类用户提供中水供应。

浸没式连续膜过滤（SMF ）工艺是将一种新型的浸没式中空纤维膜结构与连续膜过滤技术相结合而创新的一种新型膜过滤处理工艺，国际上称之为第四代膜技术。

浸没式连续膜过滤工艺可应用于给水深度净化、污水深度处理再生回用、海水淡化预处理等领域，可取代传统水处理工艺的混凝、沉淀、过滤等工艺，缩短了水净化工艺流程，并且可以可靠地与RO 或NF 技术组成集成技术。

产品功能系统产品产品技术特点和应用缓蚀阻垢分散开式循环S 系列T 系列ST 系列无磷低锌技术低磷低锌技术中水回用补水处理技术高硬高碱补水处理技术低硬低碱补水处理技术高盐类循环水处理技术NSF 认证产品闭式循环L 系列Cetamine®适用工业水/软水/纯水/乙二醇溶液/丙二醇溶液/CaCl 2溶液的不同产品磷锌盐/亚硝酸盐产品钼酸盐产品膜胺产品NSF 认证产品煤化工黑水AKTIPHOS®有机膦产品无磷产品微生物控制—F 系列NT 系列NT 生物粘泥控制技术氧化性杀菌产品非氧化性杀菌产品氯系、溴系产品适用闭式系统完全无卤素产品综合型药剂开式循环NT 系列 楼宇栗田产品与技术循环水处理循环水处理化学品手册30家企业可NAI （Nature -Stock-Index 环保先锋）荣誉名单十年之久。

栗田工业(大连)有限公司大连市经济技术开发区工业团地33-27Tel:0411-********Fax**************E-Mail:************************总公司：栗田工业（大连）有限公司栗田工业（苏州）水处理有限公司栗田超纯水设备（上海）有限公司栗田水处理新材料（江阴）有限公司栗田工业（台湾）有限公司分公司：上海：上海销售与技术中心广东：广州分公司天津：天津分公司办事处及服务站20处红色(有活性微生物)新产品、新技术的持续研发、推广。

对客户循环系统进行专业、全面的评估，提供整体解决方案。

帮助客户进行节水节能的研究，减少资源消耗，节约成本。

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BWRO复合膜和SWRO复合膜的本质对比周勇;高从堦【摘要】采用均苯三甲酰氯和间苯二胺通过界面合法分别得到苦咸水反渗透复合膜和海水反渗透复合膜.两者在低盐浓度时,对氯化钠的脱除率相近;在高盐浓度时,苦咸水反渗透复合膜对氯化钠的脱除率明显低于海水反渗透复合膜.用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜分析两者表面形态发现海水反渗透复合膜表面粗糙度更小.X射线光电子能谱分析结果表明,海水反渗透复合膜表面的羧酸根含量更多.【期刊名称】《化工学报》【年(卷),期】2010(061)010【总页数】6页(P2590-2595)【关键词】反渗透膜;均苯三甲酰氯;间苯二胺【作者】周勇;高从堦【作者单位】中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东,青岛,266003;杭州水处理技术研究开发中心,浙江,杭州,310012;中国海洋大学化学化工学院,山东,青岛,266003;杭州水处理技术研究开发中心,浙江,杭州,310012【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TQ028.8Shortage of water in many countries becomes a major problem to agricultural, economic and technological development1Reverseosmosis(RO)is one of the best ways to obtain fresh water and expands veryfast,because the RO composite membrane presents some advantages,such as energy saving,convenient operation, and compact equipment,compared to other desalination methods[1]1 The thin2 film2composite(TFC)RO membrane by interfacial polymerization was introduced in1972[2]1Nowadays various RO membranes have been developed to obtain pure water from the sea water(SW),brackish water(BW),orwastewater[327]1Two important membrane parameters,the membrane rejection and the flux,in the RO process were determined by solubility and diff usivity of solutes and solvents in the thin skin layer of polymer[829]1 The relationship of RO membrane rejection to polymer/solute/solvent interactions and chemical structure of the thin skin layer of polymer was studied[10211]1 Hirose et al[12]investigated the surface structure of skin layers of cross2linked aromatic polyamide RO membranes and their RO performance1Seung[13]related the RO permeability to the macromolecular structures and inherent polymer propertiesfor crosslink and linear model aromatic polyamides by cross polarization/magic angle spinning1 Roh et al[14]proposed that the mechanical strength of the barrier layer should be an important factor determining its performance1 Permeation experiments were then performed to correlate the mechanical strength to the permeation performance of the composite membranes1In this study,two kinds of reverse osmosis(RO)membrane for brackish water(BW)and sea water(SW)are p repared with trimesoylchloride(TMC)and m2phenylenediamine(MPD)on thepolysulphone(PS)supporting film with interfacial polymerization technique1 The membranes are compared using permeation experiments with salt water,scanning electronic microscopy(SEM),X2 ray photoelectronic spectroscopy(XPS)and atomic force microscopy(AFM)in order to investigate the difference of the separation performance and structure between SWRO and BWRO membrane11.1 Preparation of TFC membraneTo fabricate the TFC membrane,a supporting membrane composed of microporous polysulphone(1 m width,the Development Center of Water Treatment Technology, SOA, China) was clamped between two Teflon f rames with 018cm height and inner cavity 15 cm×20 cm in a cleanroom1An aqueous solution of m2phenylenediamine(MPD,Shanghai AMINO2CHEM Co1,Ltd1)was poured on the supporting membrane,which was soaked for 2 min1A sof t rubber roller rolled on the surface to eliminate some small bubbles during the soaking procedure1 Excess solution was drained off the surface with a holder at the top and bottom edge1 The holder was inclined at an angle of 30 degree and an organic solution of trimesoyl chloride(TMC,Qindao Ocean Chem1Co1)was poured into the f rame f rom top to bottom,and then the holder was lowered quickly1Af ter a 20 s residence time,the excess organic solution was drained off the surface1 The f rame with the membrane was held at 80℃to obtain the BWRO membrane and then in a hot air dryer at 105℃for 15 mi n so that a skin layer formed on the supporting membrane1 The composite reverse osmosis membranes were washed in pure water(<2μs·cm-1)andkept in 1%Na HSO3 solution(Fig11).The aqueous solutions in this study contained total 210% (mass/volume)of MPD,110%of triethylamine,and camphor sulfonic acid,which was used to regulate the p H value to 815 to absorb the hydrochloric acid(HCl)f rom the interfacial reaction1 The organic solution was IP1016solution(isoparaphin type hydrocarbon oil made by IDEMITSU Chemical Co1,Ltd1)containing 0110% (mass/volume)of TMC for BWRO membrane and 0115%(mass/volume)of TMCfor SWRO membrane11.2 RO performance of TFC membraneAll tests for RO performance were conducted at 1—6 MPa using NaCl solution(p H710)at 25℃in cross2flow cells1 The resulting permeate concentration(C p)and feed concentration (C f)were measured by titrating the content of chloride ion and used to calculate the soluterejections(R=1-C p/C f).1.3 Characterization of TFC membraneThe membranes used to analyze the chemical structure and morphology of skin layer were kept in pure water(<2μs·cm-1)at 015 MPa for 4 h in order to remove MPD and SMPD in the membranes1 Then the samples were dried in a vacuum dryer at 80℃and 200 Pa for 10 h1Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)was performed with a JSM25610LV instrument1 The cross2section of sample was viewed by first taking a thin strip of membrane(2154 cm×41572 cm),holding the ends to form a hoop,immersing the strip in liquid nitrogen,then removing it and flattening the hoop with a forceps1Magnifications up to 20000 were obtained1 Thesurface features of the TFC membrane were observed with atom force microscopy(Park Scientific AFM CP).Surface chemical characterization was carried out by X2ray photoelectron spectra(XPS),which was a Perkin Elmer PHI 5000C ESCA System with Mg/Al Dual Anode Hel/Hell ultra violet source(400 W,15 k V,125316 eV).The spectra were taken with the electron emission angle at 54°to give a sampling depth 10 nm,by a concentric hemispherical energy electron analyzer operated in the constant pass energy mode at 29135 eV,using a 720μm diameter analysis area1Membranes were mounted on a sample holder without adhesive tape and kept overnight at high vacuum in the preparation chamber before they were transferred to the analysis chamber of the spectrometer for their analysis1 Each spectral region was scanned several sweeps until a satisfactory signal2to2noise ratio was observed1 For each membrane,XPS analysis was carried out three times using different samples1Membranes were irradiated separately and for a maximum of 20 min to minimize X2ray2 induced sample damage12.1 Performance of BWRO membrane and SWRO membraneThe BWRO membrane and the SWRO membrane prepared f rom MPD and TMC were compared by permeation experiments using NaCl solution(pH710)at 25℃1 Table 1 shows that SWRO membrane has higher rejection for NaCl but low flux for water compared to the BWRO membrane1 The rejection of BWRO membrane is similar to that of SWRO membrane at low NaCl concentration (2000 mg·L-1),while the difference in rejection is more obvious at high NaCl concentration(32000 mg·L-1). The ratio of fluxes(FBW/F SW)is about 117 at the two NaCl concentrations12.2 Morphology of membrane surfaceSEM and AFM are usually used to investigate membrane surface properties[9,14]1Fig12 shows the SEM images of BWRO membrane and SWRO membrane1Both membranes present a characteristicridge2and2valley structure,consistent with that in Ref1 [9]. The size of the ridge2and2valley structure of BWRO membrane is bigger than that of SWRO membrane1 The surface morphology of the two membranes was determined using tapping mode AFM1 Fig13 gives the images of two2 dimensional and three2dimensional 3μm scans for polysulfone supporting membrane, BWRO membrane and SWRO membrane, showing homogeneous morphology and distribution features for these membrane surfaces1 The polysulfone membrane is more smooth, without the characteristic ridge2and2valley structure1 The AFM images also show that the size of ridge2and2valley structure of BWRO membrane is bigger than that of SWRO membrane1 The surface roughness values of RO membrane skin layers by AFM are shown in Table 21 From Fig12,Fig13,and Table 2,it can be seen that the surface of SWRO membrane presents lower roughness than that of BWRO membrane1The ridge2and2valley structure does not come f rom PS supporting membrane because the size of PS supporting membrane is much smaller than that of RO membranes1 It is f rom the interfacial polymerization1 In the interfacial polymerization the two reactants in a polycondensation meet at the interface and react rapidly to form a thin flexible wall at theinterface,where one reactant(MPD)must cross the wall to react with another reactant(TMC).The high monomer concentration may lead to denser wall and the denser wall will reduce MPD concentration in the reaction area[15216]1 Thus two results may be obtained1One is that the surface of SWRO membrane presents lower roughness, and the other is that SWRO membrane surface contains more hydrophilic group(—COOH),w hich was proved by elemental compositions of RO membrane(Table 3)and polymer model structures(Table 4).2.3 XPS resultsXPS is a good method to examine the skin layer of a composite membrane and the elemental composition of the top layer of the sample can be calculated f rom the spectrum1 Table 3 shows the elemental compositions of skin layers of BWRO membrane and SWRO membrane1Both membranes are made f rom TMC and MPD,so the chemical structure in their barrier layers is similar(Fig14).Table 4 gives the calculated elemental composition according to Fig131 The oxygen content of SW membrane surface is higher than that of BW membrane1 The SW membrane surface contains more hydrophilic group(—COOH)according to elemental compositions of polymer model structures(Table 4).The BWRO membrane and SWRO membrane are made f rom trimesoyl chloride and m2 p henylenediamine1 The SWRO membrane has higher rejection for NaCl but low flux for water compared to the BWRO membrane1 The surface of SWRO membrane contains more hydrophilic group(—COOH)according to the XPS result and presents lower roughnessthan that of BWRO membrane according to the result of SEM and AFM1 References[1] Padilla A P,Tavani EL1 Treatment of an industrial effluent by reverse osmosis1 Desalination,1999,126(1/2/3):2192 226[2] Cadotte J E,Rozelle L T1 In2situ formed condensation of polymers for reverse osmosis membranes1OSW PB2 Report,1972[3] Ludwig W,Sepp?l?A,Lampinen M J1 Experimental study of the osmotic behaviour of reverse osmosis membranes for different NaCl solutions and hydrostatic pressure differences1 Ex perimental Thermal and Fluid Science,2002,26(8):9632969[4] Hiroaki O,Kusumakar S1 Performance of an ultra2low2 pressure reverse osmosis membrane (ULPROM)for separating heavy metal:effects of interference parameters1 Desalination,2002,144,(1/2/3):2872294[5] Sridhar S,Aniket K1 Reverseosmosis of edible vegetableoil industry effluent1 Journal of Membrane Science,2002,205(1/2):83290[6] Robert J P1Composite reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes1 Journal of Membrane Science,1993,83:812150[7] Hirose M,Ito H,Kamiyama Y1 Effect of skin layer surface structures on the flux behaviour of RO membranes1 Journal of MembraneScience,1996,121(2):2092215[8] Kim C K,Kim J H,Roh I J,Kim J J1 The changes of membrane performance with polyamide molecular structure in the reverse osmosis process1 Journal of Membrane Science,2000,165(2):1892199[9] Hirose M,Minamizaki Y,Kamiyama Y1 The relationship between polymermolecular structure of RO membrane skin layers and their RO performances1 Journal of Membrane Science,1997,123(2):1512156 [10] Urama R I,Mari?nas B J1Mechanistic interpretation of solute permeation through a fully aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membrane1 Journal of Membrane Science,1997,123(2):2672280[11] Laufenberg G,Hausmanns S,Kunz B1 The influence of intermolecular interactions on the selectivity of several organic acids in aqueous multicomponent systems during reverse osmosis1 Journal of Membrane Science,1996,110(1):59268[12] Hirose M1 The relationship between polymer molecular structure of RO membrane skin layers and their RO performance1 Journal of Membrane Science,1997,123:1512156[13] Seung Y K1 Relationship of relaxation property to reverse osmosis permeability in aromatic polyamide thin2film2 composite membranes1 Polymer,1999,40:636126368[14] Roh I J,Kim J J,Park S Y1Mechanical properties and reverse osmosis performance of interfacially polymerized polyamide thin films1 Journal of Membrane Science,2002,197(1/2):1992210[15] Enkelmann V,Wegner G1 Mechanism of interfacial polycondensation and the direct synthesis of polyamide membranes1 Macromol1Chem1,1976,177:317723189[16] Ji J,Dickson J M,Childs R F,McCarry B E1Mathematical model for the formation of thin2film composite membranes by interfacial polymerization:porous and dense films1 Macromolecules,2000,33:6242633。