分形图形的计算机模拟

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安徽工业大学

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摘 要 分形理论是近二、三十年才发展起来的一门新的学科,其主要描述自然界和非线性系统中不光滑和不规则的几何形体。分形理论已广泛应用于各个领域,如:数学、物理、化学、材料科学、生物与医学、地质和地理学、地震和天文学以及计算机科学等。因此,分形理论的研究具有重要的理论意义,又有广泛的实际应用价值。 本文在对分形理论的基本知识和分形几何的空间分布维数有一定了解后,总结前人的一些经典分形图的生成算法,利用Visual C++6.0良好的用户界面和强大的图形编程技术,实现一些经典分形图的生成软件。

本文主要运用字符串替换算法(L-system)在计算机上生成Von Koch曲线、Hilbert曲线等经典分形图形。运用良好的用户界面模式,实现对生成分形图形的参数修改对话框,使其能对生成分形图的迭代初始值进行修改,从而可以生成不同的分形图形。

关键词:分形维数 Von Koch曲线 字符串替换算法 Visual C++6.0 安徽工业大学

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Abstract Fractal theory is a science newly developed in the past 20 to 30 years, it can mainly describe roughness and irregular geometric shapes in the nature or in non-linear system. Fractal theory is extensive applied to many fields, such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, material science, biology and medicine, geography, earthquake and astronomy, computer science and so on. In consequence, the research on fractal theory has both important theoretical significance and extensive applied value. Referencing the foregoer's research achievements,on the basis of mastering the base knowledge of the fractal theory and space distribution dimension of the fractal geometry,this paper sums up some algorithm about drawing some fractal graphics.It takes advantage of Visual C++6.0 the better user interface and mighty computer programming technology. In this paper, it mainly use the string replacement algorithm (L-system) on the computer to generate Von Koch curve, Hilbert curve and so on. It can realize to modify the parameter of the fractal graphics by using the parameter dialogue box. In order to obtain various fractal graphics, it can modify the iterated initialized values. Key words: fractal dimension Von Koch curve L-system Visual C++ 6.0 安徽工业大学

毕业设计(论文)说明书

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目 录 目 录 .................................................................................................................... - 3 - 第1章 绪 论 ...................................................................................................... - 5 - 1.1非线性科学 ............................................................................................ - 5 - 1.1.1什么是非线性科学 ..................................................................... - 5 - 1.1.2非线性问题研究的历史概况 ..................................................... - 5 - 1.1.3非线性科学研究的范围 ............................................................. - 6 - 1.2分形理论的发展阶段及现状 ................................................................ - 6 - 1.3分形理论的应用 .................................................................................... - 8 - 1.3.1艺术领域的应用 ......................................................................... - 8 - 1.3.2 其他领域的应用 ........................................................................ - 9 - 1.4分形理论的研究意义 .......................................................................... - 10 - 第2章 分形理论的基础知识 .......................................................................... - 13 - 2.1分形的定义及特征 .............................................................................. - 13 - 2.2分形的性质 .......................................................................................... - 14 - 2.2.1自组织现象 ............................................................................... - 14 - 2.2.2自相似性与标度不变性 ........................................................... - 14 - 2.3分形与混沌 .......................................................................................... - 14 - 2.3.1分形 ........................................................................................... - 14 - 2.3.2混沌 ........................................................................................... - 15 - 2.4分形几何与欧氏几何的比较 .............................................................. - 17 - 第3章 分形维数 .............................................................................................. - 17 - 3.1分形维数问题的提出 .......................................................................... - 17 - 3.2分形维数的定义 .................................................................................. - 18 - 3.2.1 Hausdorff维 .............................................................................. - 18 - 3.2.2 自相似维 .................................................................................. - 19 - 3.2.3盒维数 ....................................................................................... - 19 - 3.3 分形维数的一些性质 ......................................................................... - 20 - 3.4分形维数的测定方法 .......................................................................... - 21 - 3.4.1改变观察尺度求维数 ............................................................... - 21 - 3.4.2尺码法 ....................................................................................... - 22 - 3.4.3盒维数法 ................................................................................... - 22 - 第4章 经典自相似分形图形 .......................................................................... - 22 - 4.1分形简介 .............................................................................................. - 22 - 4.2各种曲线的设计方案 .......................................................................... - 23 - 4.2.1 von Koch曲线的设计方案 ...................................................... - 23 - 4.2.2 Helibert曲线的设计方案 ......................................................... - 24 - 第5章 基于VC++6.0下分形图形的实现 ..................................................... - 24 -