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By the time 用法详解
?by the time意为“到……时候（为止）”，是一个介词短语，在句中经常起连词作用，
引导时间状语从句。它的主要用法如下：
?1. 如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，那么主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成
时，表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成，即过去的过去”。例如：
By the time he returned home，the rain had stopped.
?By the time I got to the station，the train had already gone。
?2. 如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时/或现在完成时（表示将来），那么主句中的谓
语动词常为将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。
By the time you get back，I shall have finished the work.
?By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for 5 years.
?By the time of next term , we will have learned 3000 words.
?3. 如果主句动作不强调已经完成，只是说明某个时候的状况，（主句是be的系表形式
或者是表示像know, find, believe等表示认知的持续性动词，则往往用一般时态，不用
完成时态。）此时主句不用完成时，而应根据实际需要选用适当的时态，此时by the
time相当于when。例如：
?He was out of breath by the time he reached the top.
By the time the bus came，so many people were waiting that it was a free fight to get on it.
公共汽车来的时候，等车的人很多，成了一场挤车的混战。
?By the time he went abroad, he was fourteen.出国那年他14岁。
?By the time the war was over , death and suffering were to be seen everywhere.
?在战争结束的时候，到处可见死亡和饥饿。这里没有“死亡和饥饿”已经完成的意思，
只是描述当时这个时间点的状况。所以用过去时。
?巩固练习：
?1. （2005天津卷）By the time Jane gets home，her aunt _____for London to attend a
meeting.
A. will leave B. leaves
?C. will have left D. left
?2. By the time you have finished this book, your meal ___ cold.(2012四川卷)
?A. gets B. has got C. will get D. is getting
?3. （2009北京卷）When I talked with my grandma on the phone，she sounded weak，
but by the time we _____ up，her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging B. had hung
?C. hung D. would hang
?4. ―Did you see Xiao Li at the party？
―No，_____by the time I arrived.
A. she’d left B. she’s left
?C. she was left D. she must leave
5. By the time I saw the angry expression on his face，I_____ what I had to face.
A. knew B. have known

?C. would know D. had known
6.（2008四川卷）The telephone_____，but by the time I got indoors，it stopped.
A. had rung B. was ringing C. rings D. has rung
?7.（2008山东卷）By the time he realizes he _____into a trap，it’ll be too late for him
to do anything about it.
A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked

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by which time的用法

by which time的用法

by which time的用法By which time的用法文章序号：0011. 简介1.1 定义在英语语法中，“by which time”是一个短语，由“by”、“which”和“time”组成。

它常常用来表示一个特定的时间点或事件发生之前的时间。

1.2 例句- 我从机场到家需要30分钟，所以如果你7点到达，我将在7点半之前到。

I need 30 minutes to get home from the airport, so I'll be there by which time if you arrive at 7.- 请把你的材料提交到我们公司，提交截止日期是12月31日。

Please submit your documents to our company by which time the deadline is December 31st.2. 基本用法“By which time”通常用于将一个事件或行动的完成时间与一个将来的时间点进行对比。

它强调了在该时间之前完成某事的重要性或必要性。

示例：- 约翰会在明天早上9点之前离开，到达会议地点。

John will leave by which time tomorrow morning and arrive at the meeting location.在这个例子中，“by which time”表明了约翰必须在明天早上9点之前离开家才能准时到达会议地点。

3. 替代表达在某些情况下，可以使用其他表达方式来代替“by which time”，以增强句子的简洁度和流畅度。

以下是两个常见的替代表达方式： 3.1 By the time- 请在明天早上9点之前到达办公室。

Please arrive at the office by the time tomorrow morning. 3.2 Before- 他需要在本周五之前完成这个项目。

状语从句用法总结

状语从句用法总结

状语从句用法总结下面是小编整理的一些关于状语从句用法的总结，希望能帮助大家更好地认识状语从句，提高英语水平。

一、由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句1. when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬时动词。

when有时表示“就在那时”。

如：When she came in, I was doing some housework. (瞬时动词) When I lived with the Smiths, we used to discuss international issues together. (延续性的动词)We were about to leave when he came in. (when表示“就在那时”)2. while引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。

如：While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching 同时发生)3. as 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词表示延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生，有时也可以强调动作一先一后发生。

如：We always sing as we walk.As we were playing out, it began to snow.二、由till或until引导的时间状语从句till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。

需要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。

如：Don’t open it till your birthday.It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.I didn’t work until he came back.三、由since引导的时间状语从句1. 若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。

介词by的用法

介词by的用法

by小结1.用于被动语态的句子中,表示动作的执行者,意为“被;由”。

He was praised by the teacher.他受到了老师的表扬。

The book was written by Lu Xun.这本书是鲁迅写的。

2.表示方式、方法、手段等,后常接无冠词的名词或动名词,意为“通过;靠;用”。

Don't judge a person by appearances. 勿以貌取人。

He made a living by teaching.他以教书为生。

3.表示时间，意为“到……时（为止”或“不迟于……”。

He ought to be here by now.他现在应该在这儿了。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.至U十岁时，他已学了约—一千个英语单词。

4.表示（增减）程度，尺寸数量等，意为“至……的程度”。

the bullet missed me by two inches.那子弹以两英寸之差未击中我。

the rope needs to be longer by two feet.这绳子需要再长两英尺。

5.表示交通路线或工具,后接名词不用冠词,意为“乘;坐”。

go by bus / plane / train 乘汽车（飞机、火车）去travel by land / sea / air 陆上（海上、空中）旅行6.表示位置，意为“在近旁;在……旁边”。

There is a pumping station by the river.河边有个抽水站。

too-・to…通常用来表示否定含义，即“太• ••而不能・•・"（not enough to）The little boy is too young to go to school. The little boy is not old enough to go to school.精品by 的用法作介词讲：1. 在近处；在旁边standing by the window站在窗户旁边a table by the bed床边的桌子2. 经；由；从to enter by the door由门进去3. 经过…旁He walked by me.他从我旁边走过。

过去完成时用法及例句

过去完成时用法及例句

过去完成时用法及例句过去完成时是英语中的一种时态，表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或事件。

在过去完成时中，动词的形式是 had + 过去分词。

这种时态常用于描述过去的两个动作或事件中，其中一个发生在另一个之前。

接下来将详细介绍过去完成时的用法，并给出一些例句以帮助理解。

过去完成时的用法：1. 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作或事件。

例如：- She had already finished her homework before going to bed.（她在睡觉前已经完成了作业。

）- He had lost his keys by the time he got home.（他到家时已经丢了钥匙。

）2. 当两个动作或事件都发生在过去，但其中一个在另一个之前时，通常使用过去完成时来表示时间顺序。

例如：- When I arrived at the party, everyone had already left.（当我到达聚会时，所有人都已经离开了。

）- She had never seen snow until she visited Canada.（她在访问加拿大之前从未见过雪。

）3. 过去完成时经常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 before, after, by the time, by等。

例如：- They had finished the project before the deadline.（他们在截止日期前完成了项目。

）- By the time the police arrived, the thief had escaped.（警察到达时，小偷已经逃走了。

）4. 过去完成时也可以用于虚拟语气中，表示对过去事件的假设、推测或愿望。

例如：- If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她学习更努力，她就会通过考试。