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(英语)英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(科普环保)(及答案)及解析

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（英语）英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(科普环保)(及答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are "striking" and should encourage research efforts.Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk -such as pregnant women -would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency.Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, .A. a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C. a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D. The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Zika vaccine 'works very well' in miceB. Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC. International researches into Zika have paid offD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk -such as pregnant women -would still be years away"可知，但是，即使这些进展顺利，一种广泛用于保护高危人群的授权疫苗仍需数年时间，也就是说如果人体试验进展顺利的话，短期内仍无法获得授权疫苗，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice"可知，美国科学家在白鼠身上只测试了两种而不是两种以上的寨卡病毒，故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的"A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus,"可知，一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭，由此可知，本文主要介绍的是寨卡病毒疫苗对小白鼠非常有效，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．犇犇阅读理解The Alexander techniqueUntil earlier this year, I didn't know anything about the Alexander technique—and saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they'll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, "You actually have bad posture (姿势). Go off and learn the Alexander technique." Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better.The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercise-based. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly.The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.So who was Alexander and how did he come up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, anAustralian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-training school, which is still successful today.So if you're walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.（1）What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1?A. She felt no better after the treatment.B. She got bored with the Alexander technique.C. She was sceptical about the doctor's method.D. She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.（2）What is the principle of the Alexander technique?A. Physical tension shouldn't be completely relieved.B. The technique shouldn't be combined with other exercises.C. The practice of the technique shouldn't be attempted alone.D. Familiar physical actions shouldn't be done with much effort.（3）What can we learn about Frederick Alexander?A. He managed to recover his vocal powers.B. He was eager to make a name for himself.C. He developed a form of exercise for actors.D. He had to leave home to develop his technique.（4）What is the main idea of the passage?A. The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B. Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C. The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.D. People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者。

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最新高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析

最新高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析

最新高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Tablets are really useful devices, but their big screens always make them as a burden to carry around without a bag. Wouldn't it be great if there were a phone with the powers of a tablet that could be folded up and fit neatly into the hand?Now something like a tablet-shaped but foldable phone is about to become available. In February, South Korean electronics company Samsung and China's Huawei both launched foldable phones, the Galaxy Fold and Huawei Mate X respectively. Mobile phone use has entered the "foldable future", The Verge noted.The technology could change our lives in significant ways. These devices, due to their bendable screens, give us the larger screens we want. Meanwhile, they still fit easily into the pocket. As USA Today noted, they're "the combination of a small tablet and smartphone, all in a single device".The technology could change other devices, too. For example, we could make TVs that stick to walls like posters, or fold up easily to hide away in drawers. In crowded modem cities, they will help us to maximize available space.In a keynote address, Samsung's senior vice president of mobile product marketing, Justin Denison, called the foldable screen "the foundation for the smartphone of tomorrow". "It's a blank canvas (画布) for us to do something beautiful together." he said.So is there nothing to stand in the way of the foldable future? According to tech news website Android Authority, the necessary displays were difficult to produce. In 2012, nine out of every 10 OLED (二极管) screens produced were imperfect. Today, that 10 percent rate has been improved to between 50 and 90 percent. However, at present these foldable devices are expensive. For example, the price of Huawei Mate X is 17,500 RMB. That's a price that few people will be able to afford.But if the foldable device isn't going to change the world overnight, there is no doubt that it is coming. Patrick Moorhead, an industry analyst told The Verge, "Few are debating if foldable or rollable mobile displays are the future of smartphones; the only question is when and by whom."（1）What can be the best title for the text?A. Screen devices on the market.B. Foldable age is arriving.C. Possible powers of a tablet.D. Foldable screens are imperfect.（2）What can we learn from Justin Denison's words?A. The foldable screen has great potential.B. The Galaxy Fold still has many problems.C. The production of foldable phones will soon increase.D. Companies need to work together to develop foldable phone.（3）What is the problem with foldable phones at the moment?A. They are easy to break.B. They are inconvenient to carry.C. They are not as useful as expected.D. They are unaffordable for most families.（4）What is the author's attitude toward the future of the foldable screen?A. Worried.B. Cautious.C. Positive.D. Unconcerned.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“可折叠手机的时代即将到来。

(英语)高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解析版汇编

(英语)高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解析版汇编

（英语）高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解析版汇编一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Supercomputers which can analyse blood samples and predict which patients are likely to become seriously ill could save tens of thousands of lives a year, it was revealed last night, according to The Daily Express.The artificial intelligence (AI) system, developed at University College London and set to be piloted in NHS hospitals later this year, will screen "at risk" patients so doctors can take early action to prevent death or serious illness. Prof Young, a consultant surgeon at Southend University Hospital, said: "I am so excited about this form of technology." Instead of people getting sick or dying because they are not picked up in time, this will allow us to step in earlier which will save lives and an enormous amount of money. "I think the potential of AI in healthcare like this is as big as the Industrial Revolution was—and signals a completely new example in the way we manage healthcare."The technology is the brainchild of Dr Vishal Nangalia, a consultant at the Royal Free Hospital in London. He used AI to analyse a billion stored blood samples from 20 different UK hospital trusts dating back up to 12 years. Computers assess blood test results by picking up subtle changes in red and white blood cells, suggesting a patient is going downhill.He found the technique forecast outcomes of patients with kidney problems with up to 95 per cent accuracy. Traditional methods highlighting serious patient concerns picked up as few as 16 percent of patients who went on to die. "This gives us the opportunity not only to save lives but to prevent serious illness, making the health service not only safer but more efficient." Prof Young said, "Instead of waiting for people to get worse, we will be able to treat them earlier."（1）What does the underlined phrase "screen" in Paragraph2 mean?A. comfortB. treatC. spotD. nurse（2）How do supercomputers help save lives?A. By storing blood samples.B. By analyzing patients' cases.C. By observing changes in blood cells.D. By assisting doctors with their operations.（3）Why did Professor Young mention the Industrial Revolution?A. To show the influence of AI.B. To stress the importance of health care.C. To introduce the topic of supercomputers.D. To present the achievement he has accomplished.（4）What do we know about the new technology?A. It helps patients recover earlier.B. It has helped save thousands of lives.C. It will promote the health service greatly.D. It is intended for patients with kidney diseases.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍超级计算机能够分析血样并预测哪些病人可能会患上重病，每年可以挽救数万人的生命。

(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析

(英语)英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析

（英语）英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项习题及答案解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解According to a recent study, a new genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process prevents the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017. The organization says the largest number of those are in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers said the "groundbreaking" discovery is "realistically the only way" that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3?A. Stress the urgency of HIV treatments.B. Provide some data about HIV.C. Remind readers of HIV prevention.D. Introduce HIV to the public.（2）In which way will the rice be used at the lowest cost?A. By transforming it into proteins.B. By adding it to an oral drug.C. By attaching it to the HIV virus.D. By processing it into a cream.（3）What can we infer about the genetic engineering process?A. It can prevent infections of HIV.B. It can produce dangerous chemicals.C. It still requires perfecting.D. It applies to the developed world.（4）From which is the text probably taken?A. A biology textbook.B. A health magazine.C. A social webpage.D. A first aid brochure.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家培育出可预防艾滋病病毒感染的转基因水稻。

【英语】英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析

【英语】英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析

【英语】英语阅读理解(科普环保)题20套(带答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解The Alexander techniqueUntil earlier this year, I didn't know anything about the Alexander technique—and saw no reason to think I should. One day, the backache I regularly suffered was more painful. I was brought up to think that the preferred way of dealing with aches is to do nothing and hope they'll go away, but I eventually went to the doctor. After examining me, he said, "You actually have bad posture (姿势). Go off and learn the Alexander technique." Three months later I could walk straighter and sit better.The Alexander technique is a way of learning how you can get rid of harmful tension in your body. The teaching focuses on the neck, head and back. It trains you to use your body less severely and carry out the movements that we do all the time with less effort. There is little effort in the lessons themselves, which sets apart the Alexander technique from yoga or pilates, which are exercise-based. A typical lesson involves standing in front of a chair and learning to sit and stand with minimum effort. You spend some time lying on a bench with your knees bent to straighten the spine (脊椎) and relax your body while the teacher moves your arms and legs to train you to move them correctly.The technique helps to break the bad habits accumulated over years. Try folding your arms the opposite way to normal. This is an example of a habit the body has formed which can be hard to break. Many of us carry our heads too far back. The head weighs four to six kilos, so any inappropriate posture can cause problems for the body. The technique teaches you to let go of the muscles holding the head back, allowing it to go back to its natural place on the top of our spines.So who was Alexander and how did he come up with the technique? Frederick Alexander, an Australian actor born in 1869, found in his youth that he had vocal (声音的) problems during performances. He analyzed himself and realized his posture was bad. He worked on improving it, with excellent results. He brought his technique to London and opened a teacher-training school, which is still successful today.So if you're walking along the road one day with shoulders bent forward, feeling weighed down by your troubles, give a thought to the Alexander technique. It will help you walk tall again.（1）What does the author suggest in Paragraph 1?A. She felt no better after the treatment.B. She got bored with the Alexander technique.C. She was sceptical about the doctor's method.D. She was unwilling to seek treatment for her backache.（2）What is the principle of the Alexander technique?A. Physical tension shouldn't be completely relieved.B. The technique shouldn't be combined with other exercises.C. The practice of the technique shouldn't be attempted alone.D. Familiar physical actions shouldn't be done with much effort.（3）What can we learn about Frederick Alexander?A. He managed to recover his vocal powers.B. He was eager to make a name for himself.C. He developed a form of exercise for actors.D. He had to leave home to develop his technique.（4）What is the main idea of the passage?A. The occurrence of back pain is widespread.B. Alexander improved the technique to treat body pain.C. The Alexander technique helps overcome posture problems.D. People with back pain are victims of inappropriate postures.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍亚历山大技巧的对于矫正身体的作用以及其发明者。