07崇文一模及答案

2024学年第一学期崇明区高三第一次模拟考试高三数学考生注意：1.本试卷共4页，21道试题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟．2.本试卷分设试卷和答题纸．试卷包括试题与答题要求．作答必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分．3.答卷前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号码等相关信息．一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分，其中1～6题每题4分，7～12题每题5分）【考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果．】1.已知集合{}{1,2,3,4,5,A B x x ==>∣，则A B ⋂=．2.不等式1021x x -<+的解为．3.若复数z 满足21i z z +=+，其中i 是虚数单位，则z =．4.7(1)x -的二项展开式中3x 的系数为．5.双曲线2214y x -=的渐近线方程是．6.已知,x y 为正实数，且满足440x y +=，则x y ⋅的最大值是．7.已知(1,2),(2,)a b k == ，如果//a b，则实数k 的值为．8.已知21,1()1,1x x f x x x ⎧->=⎨-≤⎩关于x 的方程()2f x =的解x =．9.在空间直角坐标系中，点()1,2,3关于xOy 平面的对称点的坐标是．10.某校四个植树小队，在植树节这天种下柏树的棵数分别为10,,10,8x ，若这组数据的中位数和平均数相等，那么x =．11.已知()sin (0,0)6f x A x A πωω⎛⎫=+>> ⎪⎝⎭，若函数()y f x =在区间[]0,2π上有且仅有3个零点和1个极小值点，则ω的取值范围是．12．已知函数()y f x =的定义域{}1,2,3,4D =，值域{}5,6,7A =，则函数()y f x =为增函数的概率是．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分18分，其中13～14题每题4分，15～16题每题5分）【每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得满分，否则一律得零分．】13.下列函数中，在其定义域上既是奇函数又是严格增函数的是（）.A 3y x =.B e x y =.C lg y x=.D sin y x=14.已知直线l 和平面α，则“l 垂直于平面α内的两条直线”是“l α⊥”的（）.A 充分非必要条件.B 必要非充分条件.C 充要条件.D .既非充分又非必要条件15.抛掷一红一绿两颗质地均匀的骰子，记录骰子朝上面的点数，若用x 表示红色骰子的点数，用y 表示绿色骰子的点数，用(),x y 表示一次试验结果，设事件:8E x y +=；事件F ：至少有一颗点数为6；事件G ：4x >；事件H ：4y <．则下列说法正确的是（）.A 事件E 与事件F 为互斥事件.B 事件F 与事件G 为互斥事件.C 事件E 与事件G 相互独立.D 事件G 与事件H 相互独立16.已知无穷数列{}n a ，若存在数列{}n b 满足对任意正整数n ，都有()()110n n n n a b a b ++--<，则称数列{}n b 是{}n a 的交错数列．有下列两个命题：①对任意给定的等差数列{}n a ，不存在等差数列{}n b ，使得{}n b 是{}na 的交错数列；②对任意给定的等比数列{}n a ，都存在等比数列{}n b ，使得{}n b 是{}n a 的交错数列．下列结论正确的是（）.A ①是真命题，②是假命题.B ①是假命题，②是真命题.C ①、②都是真命题.D ①、②都是假命题三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分78分）【解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤．】17.（本题满分14分，本题共有2个小题，第（1）小题满分7分，第（2）小题满分7分）如图，在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，E 、F 分别为11A C 、BC 的中点，112,AA AB BC C F AB ===⊥．（1）求证：1//C F 平面ABE ；（2）求点C 到平面ABE 的距离．ABCFE A 1B 1C 118.（本题满分14分，本题共有2个小题，第（1）小题满分6分，第（2）小题满分8分）在ABC △中，已知点D 是BC 边上一点，且1,3BD CD ==．（1）若AD BC ⊥，且2ABD ACD ∠=∠，求AD 的长；（2）若55,32ABD ACD ︒︒∠=∠=，求AD 的长（结果精确到0.01）．19.（本题满分14分，本题共有3个小题，第（1）小题满分4分，第（2）小题满分4分，第（3）小题满分6分）王老师将全班40名学生的高一数学期中考试（满分100分）成绩分成5组，绘制成如图所示的频率分布直方图，现将[)5060,记作第一组，[)6070,、[)7080,、[)8090,、[]90,100分别记作第二、三、四、五组．已知第一组、第二组的频率之和为0.3，第一组和第五组的频率相同．（1）估计此次考试成绩的平均值（同一组数据用该组数据的中点值代替）；（2）王老师将测试成绩在[)8090,和[]90,100内的试卷进行分析，再从中选2人的试卷进行优秀答卷展示，求被选中进行优秀答卷展示的这2人的测试成绩至少1个在[]90,100内的概率；（3）已知第二组考生成绩的平均数和方差分别为65和40，第四组考生成绩的平均数和方差分别为83和70，据此计算第二组和第四组所有学生成绩的方差．Ob0.0450.020a5060708090100频率/组距成绩(分)20.（本题满分18分，本题共有3个小题，第（1）小题满分4分，第（2）小题满分6分，第（3）小题满分8分）已知椭圆22:143y x Γ+=，点1F 、2F 分别是椭圆的下焦点和上焦点，过点2F 的直线l 与椭圆交于A 、B 两点．（1）若直线l 平行于x 轴，求线段AB 的长；（2）若点A 在y 轴左侧，且1294F A F A ⋅= ，求直线l 的方程；（3）已知椭圆上的点C 满足CA CB =，是否存在直线l 使得ABC △的重心在x 轴上？若存在，请求出直线l 的方程，若不存在，请说明理由．21.（本题满分18分，本题共有3个小题，第（1）小题满分4分，第（2）小题满分6分，第（3）小题满分8分）定义：若曲线1C 和曲线2C 有公共点P ，且曲线1C 在点P 处的切线与曲线2C 在点P 处的切线重合，则称1C 与2C 在点P 处“一线切”．（1）已知圆222()(0)x a y r r -+=>与曲线2y x =在点()1,1处“一线切”，求实数a 的值；（2）设2()2,()ln(1)f x x x a g x x =++=+，若曲线()y f x =与曲线()y g x =在点P 处“一线切”，求实数a 的值；（3）定义在R 上的函数()y f x =的图像为连续曲线，函数()y f x =的导函数为()y f x '=，对任意的x ∈R ，都有()|()|,|()|f x f x f x '⎧≥⎪⎨<⎪⎩成立．是否存在点P 使得曲线()sin y f x x =和曲线1y =在点P 处“一线切”？若存在，请求出点P 的坐标，若不存在，请说明理由．参考答案及评分标准（高中数学）一、填空题1.{3,4,5}；2.1(,1)2-； 3.1i 3+； 4.35； 5.2y x =±； 6.100；7.4；8.2log 3；9.(1,2,3)-；10.8或12；11.175,123⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭；12.112.二、选择题13.A；14.B；15.D；16. C.三、解答题17.（1）解取AB 中点G ，连接FG ，则12FG AC =∥，................................2分又112C E AC =∥，所以1FG C E ∥，...........................................................4分所以四边形1FGEC 是平行四边形，所以1C F EG ∥，................................................5分又EG 在平面ABE 内，1C F 不在平面ABE 内，所以1C F ∥平面ABE ；.................7分（2）取AC 中点H ，连接EH 、BH ，则EH ⊥平面ABC ，所以EH BH ⊥，由题意EB =，同理EA =2AB =，所以ABC S =△分因为1C C ⊥平面ABC ，1C F AB ⊥，由三垂线定理得CB AB ⊥，所以2ABC S =△，.....4分设点C 到平面ABE 的距离为h ，由C ABE E ABC V V --=得1133ABE ABC S h S EH ⋅=⋅△△所以h =C 到平面ABE分18.解（1）因为AD BC ⊥，所以tan 1AD ABD ∠=，tan 3ADACD ∠=，又2ABD ACD ∠=∠，所以22tan tan 1tan ACDABD ACD∠∠=-∠............................4分即2231()3AD AD AD ⨯=-，解得AD =分（2）在ABC △中，由正弦定理得sin sin BC ACBAC ABC=∠∠，所以sin 3.281sin BC ABCAC BAC⋅∠=≈∠，........................4分在ACD △中，由余弦定理得1.75AD =........................8分19.解（1）由题意得10100.3,10(0.0450.020)0.7a b a +=⎧⎨++=⎩解得0.005,0.025.a b =⎧⎨=⎩所以平均数等于550.05650.25750.45850.2950.0574.5⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=............4分（2）由题意，[80,90)内有8人，[90,100]内有2人所以被选中进行优秀答卷展示的这2人的测试成绩至少1个在[90,100]内的概率为2821017145C C -=............4分（3）设第二组、第四组的平均数与方差分别为221212,,x x s s ，由题意，第二组、第四组分别有10人和8人，所以成绩在第二组、第四组的平均数651083108873x ⨯++⨯==成绩在第二组、第四组的方差108108222221122111111[()()][()([()()]1818i j i j i j i j s x x y x x x x x y x x x ====⎧⎫⎧⎪⎪=-+-=-+-+-+-⎨⎨⎬⎪⎪⎩⎩⎭∑∑∑∑()()222211225499s x x s x x ⎡⎤⎡⎤=+-++-⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎦⎣⎦()()2254400406573708373993⎡⎤⎡⎤=⨯+-+⨯+-=⎣⎦⎣⎦故估计成绩在第二组、第四组的方差是4003................................6分20.解（1）由题意，1(0,1)F -、2(1,0)F ，所以直线l 的方程是1y =，代入22143y x +=中，得32x =±，所以||3AB =..............................................4分（2）设000(,)(0)A x y x <，则100200(,1),(,1)F A x y F A x y =+=-所以2120009(1)(1)4F A F A x y y ⋅=++-= ，又2200143y x +=，所以03,21.x y ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=±⎩所以A 点坐标是3(,1)2-或3(,1)2--......................4分所以直线l 的方程是1y =或413y x =+..............................................6分（3）当直线l 的斜率存在时，设直线l 的方程为1y kx =+，代入22143y x +=中，得2(34)690k kx ++-=设11(,)A x y 、22(,)B x y 、33(,)C x y 则122634k x x k -+=+，所以AB 中点2234(,)3434k M k k -++又ABC △的重心在x 轴上，所以1230y y y ++=即123()20k x x y +++=，故32834y k =-+.................4分因为CA CB =，所以MC AB⊥所以3312122234(,)(,)3434k MC AB x y x x y y k k ⋅=+-⋅--++33122234(,)()(1,)03434k x y x x k k k =+-⋅-=++因为120x x -≠，所以32934k x k=+，所以2298(,)3434k C k k -++因为点C 在椭圆上，所以2222()(18934334)4k k k -+++=，解得0k =或33k =±.........6分当直线l 的斜率不存在时，直线l 的方程为0x =，此时A 、B 恰为长轴顶点，点C 为短轴顶点，满足题意.综上所述，存在直线l 使得ABC △的重心在x 轴上，其方程为：1y =+或1y =或0x =..............................................8分21.解（1）'2y x =，所以曲线2y x =在点(1,1)处的切线方程为12(1)y x -=-，即210x y --=，因为圆222()(0)x a y r r -+=>与曲线2y x =在点(1,1)处“一线切”，所以直线210x y --=与圆222()(0)x a y r r -+=>在点(1,1)处相切所以22(1)1,.a r r ⎧-+=⎪=所以3a =....................................4分（2）设00(,)P x y ，'()22f x x =+，1'()1g x x =+由题意，0000()()'()'()f x g x f x g x =⎧⎨=⎩，所以000200222111x x x x a x ⎧=+⎪++⎪⎨=+⎩+解得11ln 222a =-....................................6分（3）假设存在0(,1)P x 满足题意，则有00()sin 1f x x =，对函数()sin y f x x =求导得：()sin ()cos y f x x f x x ''=+，于是0000()sin ()cos 0f x x f x x '+=，即0000()sin ()cos f x x f x x '=-，平方得222222000000[()]sin [()]cos [()](1sin )f x x f x x f x x '==-，即有2222200000[()]sin [()]sin [()]f x x f x x f x '+=，因此2200201[()]1[()][()]f x f x f x '⋅+=，整理得224000[()][()][()]f x f x f x '+=，而恒有()()f x f x '≥成立，则有2200[()][()]f x f x '≥，从而4200[()]2[()]f x f x ≥，显然0()0f x ≠，于是20[()]2fx ≥，即0|()|f x ≥()f x <恒成立矛盾，所以假设不成立，即不存在点P 满足条件.....................................8分。

2024学年第一学期崇明区高三第一次模拟考试语文（考试时间150分钟，满分150分。

请将答案填写在答题纸上）一、积累应用10分1．按要求填空。

（5分）（1）自见者不明，。

（《老子》）（2），愿乞终养。

（《陈情表》）（3）李白《梦游天姥吟留别》中“，”两句直抒胸臆，表现了作者蔑视权贵、傲岸不屈的精神。

2．按要求选择。

（5分）（1）下列内容是小明围绕“词语的语体色彩”准备写作语言札记收集的例句，请为他选择语体色彩使用最恰当的一项（）。

（2分）A．全校领导会议开场白：尊敬的各位同事，大家好!我谨以个人的名义邀请大家一起来聊聊咱们学校未来的五年规划。

B．公司季度业绩报告：本季度业绩下滑，主要是因为竞争激烈，加上原材料价格疯长，真是“屋漏偏逢连夜雨”啊。

C．广播电台儿童广播剧：从前有一只小兔子，它生活在一片广袤无垠的森林之中，每天都在奋力地探索未知的世界。

D．给专家发送的邀请函：尊敬的赵老师，我们诚挚地邀请您参加我校举办的读书节活动并为广大师生做主旨演讲。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。

（3分）以深度学习为代表的人工智能技术，可有效地表示或逼近高维空间所形成的函数，这种解题模式，——，。

，，通过生成模型和判别模型间的互相博弈来产生更优输出，在极短时间内遍历更大的未知空间，为科学的发展带来新的可能。

①需通过大算力来破解多维参数间的逻辑关系②人工智能具有的深度探索优势可以开启远超科学家能力范围的潜在知识域③直接绕开传统分析方法的困境④更为值得一提的是⑤直接获知多维参数及数据中所隐藏的模式A．①③②④⑤ B．⑤④③②① C．③①⑤④② D．④⑤①②③二、阅读70分（一）阅读《事实与虚构——论边界》一书的书评，完成第3－7题。

（17分）虚构与现实，边界从未消失甘露①拉沃卡长久以来都对虚构抱有极大的兴趣，她认为，虚构世界最大的吸引力，就在于向受众提供了现实生活所无法提供的经历与体验。

2020-2021学年北京市崇文门中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Online Bachelor's ProgramsAn online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time. Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.•ArizonaStateUniversityASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle. Its courses employ advanced technology, such as our virtual labs, adaptive learning and virtual community, to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION: 15,321TUITION: S413•UniversityofIllinoisUI is a top-ranked, diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution. For UTs degree completion programs, students transfer with an associate degree or 57-60 credits. All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION: 385TUITION: S462•UniversityofFloridaUF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF. Courses arc designed and taught by UF's well-known teachers. Students feel connected, frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION: 3,340TUITION: $500•OhioStateUniversityThe courses of OSU online bachelor's programs are all related to health science. The online programs are flexible providing students with the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for moreadvanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION: 542TUITION: 56421. What's special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A. It is an approved SARA institution.B. It provides the most expensive programs.C. It offers some technology-assisted courses.D. It admits fewer students than other universities.2. Which university’s, online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To advertise free online programs.B. To call on people to sign up online.C. To introduce some best online programs.D. To provide access to the best universities.BIn 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entireFrench Scrabble Dictionaryin just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards’ impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence works — real AI. Both of Richard and AI take in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field.The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI canoutperformhumans at routine tasks — provided the task is in one field with a lot of data — it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs — executives, diplomats, economists — go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI.Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. Thesejobs require compassion, trust and sympathy — which AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a robot to babysit their children.So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.4. What is the main purpose of paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic.B. To mention Nigel’s feat.C. To stress the importance of good memory.D. To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.5. Which of the following best explains “outperform” underlined in paragraph 2?A. Be superior toB. Be equal toC. Be similar toD. Be related to6. Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced?A. The writer.B. The shop assistant.C. The babysitter.D. The psychologist.7. What does the text suggest people do about job replacement of AI?A. Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B. Get more support from the government.C. Apply for the donation from companies.D. Upgrade themselves all the time.CAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and even illness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.8. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality9. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality10. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.11. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.DAccording to a survey published by the American Institutes for Research last year, a total of 57 colleges were operating some form of CBE programs and about 85 percent of all the higher education officials said they were either designing a CBE program at their school or were considering doing so.Students in a CBE program choose a central field of study, just as they would at a traditional college or university. Yet instead of attending a series of classes led by professors or teaching assistants at schools, the students study online and direct themselves.CBE programs require students to show their understanding of a given set of sills Students must prove their mastery of skills that relate to their field of choice by taking related exams. Once they have met all the requirements of their study programs, the students will get their degrees.CBE programs have made use of many new technologies, especially internet and online media. This helps reduce barriers for nontraditional and other students by bringing higher education to them. And programs that permit students to work at their own speed may save students' money by reducing the time it takes for them to earn a degree.But some educators have concerns about the value of the education that CBE programs offer. Johann Neem atWesternWashingtonUniversityargues that the purpose of higher education is not simply to help students master certain skills. It should teach students how to think critically (批判性地) understand the subjects they are studying more deeply and see how they are connected to other subjects. Only that way can they put the knowledge to better use.He said, “You need to explore, think .. get shaken, have a conversation and struggle. Andthose things take time.”Instead of supporting CBE, he adds, policy makers and educators should look for ways to improve access and reduce costs for traditional higher education.12. How are CBE programs different from traditional college education?A. They require students to choose their subjects.B. They offer shorter curricula and are less expensive.C. They heavily rely on the information technologies.D. They allow students to take easier examinations.13. What can we learn from Johann Neem's words?A Free access to traditional education should be provided.B. Higher education just focuses on critical thinking skills.C. Students should spend longer time completing the degree courses.D. College students should be challenged to explore around their subjects.14. How does Johann Neem's attitude toward CBE programs?A. Supportive.B. Disapproving.C. Sympathetic.D. Uncaring.15. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To press policy-makers to provide more affordable education.B. To show the disadvantages of the traditional college education.C. To introduce a new controversial trend in the higher education.D. To encourage educators to improve the quality of CBE programs.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年北京市崇文门中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn the age of social distancing, using robots for some health care interactions is a promising way to reduce in-person contact between health care workers and sick patients. However, a key question is how patients will react to a robot entering the room. Researchers from MIT and Brigham and Women’s Hospital recently set out to answer that question.In a study, the team found that a large majority of patients reported that interacting with a health care provider through a video screen fixed on a robot was similar to an in-person interaction with a health care worker.“We’re working on robots that can help provide care to ensure the safety of the patient and the health care workforce. The results of this study give us some confidence that people are ready and willing to join us. In a larger online survey carried out nationwide, we also found that a majority of respondents were open to having robots perform small tasks such as taking a nose swab (拭子).” says Giovanni Traverso, an MIT assistant professor and the senior author of the study.After the COVID-19 pandemic began early last year, Traverso and his colleagues turned their attention toward new strategies to reduce interactions between potentially sick patients and health care workers. To that end, they created a mobile robot that could interact with patients as they waited in the emergency department. The robots were equipped with sensors that allow them to measure vital signs, including skin temperature, breathing rate, and pulse(脉搏) rate. The robots also carried an iPad for remote video communication with a health care provider.The study suggests that it could be worthwhile to develop robots that can perform tasks that currently require a lot of human effort, such as turning a patient over in bed. These days, turning COVID-19 patients onto their stomachs requires several people. Doing Covid-19 tests is another task that takes a lot of time and effort from health care workers, who could be arranged for other tasks if robots could help.1. Why did the researchers from MIT and BWH carry out the studies?A. To shorten the social distance between doctors and patients.B. To figure out the response of patients to robotic doctors.C. To reduce the risk of being infected with coronavirus.D. To ensure the safety of patients during the pandemic.2. What could be learned from the study?A. Robots are not welcomed by patients.B. Robots will soon replace doctors.C. Robots may help to deal with Covid-19 patients.D. Robots can operate on different patients.3. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. StrengthsAnd Weaknesses In Robot CareB. The Robotic Doctor Will See You NowC. The Robots Speed Up COVID-19 TestingD. The Development Of Robots In HospitalsBThe first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.4. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.A. bad medical outcomes affect doctorsB delivering babies can be difficult workC. some doctors are not very experiencedD. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes5. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.A. tend to prescribe less effective medicineB. are more concerned about the patients' safetyC. become less confident in writing a prescriptionD. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding6. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. ResultB. BenefitC. DifferenceD. Absence7. The author will probably agree that________.A. we should not doubt our own decisionsB. our experience will pave way for our futureC. humans are emotional and irrational on the wholeD. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directionsCOnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teachingoutside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.8. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers’ good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners’ access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.9. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students’ love for the doctoral program.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.10. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirement of research.D. The colleagues’ encouragement.11. What is the author’s attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.DThursday, two Russian submarines(潜艇) dived down 2.5 miles into the Arctic Ocean and planted a national flag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge. Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin, the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations: Russia had just laid claim(权利) to the vast oil and gas reserves contained in this underwater area.AfterRussia, theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandare all trying to gain profit. Projections show that the area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil, an incredible 13% of Earth’s reserves. It’s also estimated to contain almost a quarter of untapped global gas resources. But long before this oil race began, how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is that theArctic—unlike the Antarctic—is an ocean surrounded by continents”, Alastair Fraser, a geoscientist from Imperial College London, said. Firstly, this means there’s a huge quantity of organic material available, in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae, which form the basis of what will ultimately become oil and gas. Secondly, the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basin contains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳), which makes up about 50% of its oceanic area. That’s significant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins, into which organic matter sinks.Here, it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧) waters, meaning they contain little oxygen. “Normally, in a shallow sea with lots of oxygen, it would not be preserved. But if the sea is deep enough, the oxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,” Fraser explained. Conserved within these oxygen-free basins, the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as an energy source for millions of years in the future.12. Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A. To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B. To show its advanced technology of submarines.C. To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D. To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the area.13. What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A. Making a comparison.B. Serving as a connecting link.C. Analyzing the cause and effect.D. Drawing the conclusion of the text.14. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B. Organic materials mostly exist in the basins with oxygen.C. Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D. Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctic’s rich energy.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. What makes theArcticattractive?B. Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C. Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D. How does theArcticBasincome into being?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。