现在完成时的五大句型归纳
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常用句型现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时是英语中常用的时态之一,用于表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
本文将详细介绍现在完成时的构成和用法。
一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成。
其基本构成形式为“have/has + 过去分词”。
1. 肯定句结构主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + ...例句:- I have visited Paris.- She has finished her homework.2. 否定句结构主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + ...例句:- I have not seen him today.- He has not eaten lunch yet.3. 疑问句结构Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + ...?- Have you ever been to China?- Has she read the book?二、现在完成时的用法现在完成时在英语中有以下几种常见用法:1. 表示过去开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态例句:- I have known her since primary school.- They have lived in New York for five years.2. 表示过去完成的动作对现在的影响或结果例句:- I have lost my keys. (结果是我现在找不到钥匙)- She has finished her report. (结果是她现在可以休息了)3. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的经验或知识例句:- I have read many books. (经验是我读过许多书)- They have traveled to many countries. (知识是他们去过许多国家) 4. 表示过去发生的动作在一个不确定的时间内完成- Have you ever tried sushi? (在某个不确定的时间内尝试过寿司)- Has she seen that movie? (在某个不确定的时间内看过那部电影)5. 表示过去多次发生的动作例句:- I have visited London three times. (表示过去进行了多次的伦敦之行) - They have called me many times. (表示过去多次给我打电话)6. 表示刚刚完成的动作例句:- I have just finished my work. (刚刚完成的工作)- She has recently bought a new car. (最近购买的新车)三、总结现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成,用于表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
(完整)现在完成时语法现在完成时的基本句型:肯定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词?否定式:主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词。
例句:1. I have cleaned my room。
我已打扫了房间。
2. He hasn’t finished his homework。
他还没完成作业。
3。
Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗?Yes , I have. 是的,看过了。
No, I haven’t. 不,没看过。
4. We have studied English for two years。
我们已经学了两年英语了.5. They haven’t seen each other since 1998.自从1998年他们就没再见过面.现在完成时的主要用法1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
-— It's so dark。
-—Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑)-— Are you free?-—I have finished my homework. I am free(我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。
表示持续动作或状态的词应是延续性动词.常与since + 过去的时间点,since+谓语是一般过去时的从句;for + 一段时间,so far 等时间状语连用。
如:I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago。
现在完成时用法小结一、现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+ 过去分词否定式have(has)not+ 过去分词疑问式:have\has not+主语+过去分词;have\has +主+not+过去分词二、现在完成时态的用法1、表示开始于过去的动作一直持续到现在,而且还可能继续持续下去。
这时,谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
例如:I have been a teacher for 5 years\since 5 years ago.(五年前是个时间点。
一直持续到现在的的状态,一直在做老师,以后还是老师。
)They have lived here for 7 years.(第一层含义,到说话这一刻,一直住在这里,这是一个持续状态。
第二层含义,如果他们正在搬家时候说这句话,则说明live这一事实不再持续,到此为止,他们可能要搬去别处住。
)◆这一用法的特点:谓语动词为延续性动词;动作发生在过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续下去;和“一段时间”的状语连用。
●since+时间段:I have worked in this place since 1990.I have lived in Xi’an since I left school\since 5 years ago●for+ 时间点: I have worked in this place for 20 years.I have lived in Xi’an for 5 years ago.“到目前为止…”:until now, ,up to\ till\until now,so farUntil now,I have been a monitor for 3 years.(放在句末亦可)Our country has until now, ,up to\ till\until now,so farWon 20 golden medals.●“在最近几个世纪、年、月以来……”in \over \during the past few years,for the lastfew century,through centuries,throughout the past decades.For the last few decades, great changes have taken place in Beijing.2.表示过去某时发生或完成的某一动作,谓语动词是短暂性动词(对现在造成的影响或结果)。
初中英语知识点归纳现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时是英语中的一个重要时态,表示动作或状态从过去某个时间点开始一直延续到现在或具有与现在相关的结果。
下面是现在完成时的构成与用法的归纳:一、构成:现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成。
其中,have用于第一人称(I/we/you/they),has用于第三人称(he/she/it)。
二、用法:1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如:- I have lost my keys.(我把钥匙丢了,现在找不到了。
)- We have finished our homework.(我们已经完成了作业。
)2. 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在。
例如:- She has lived here for 10 years.(她在这里住了十年了。
)- They have known each other since childhood.(他们从小就认识彼此。
)3. 表示过去发生的动作在过去的某个时间结束,但对现在仍然有影响。
例如:- He has studied English for three hours.(他学习英语已经三个小时了,仍在学习。
)- They have been friends since they met in high school.(自从高中认识以来,他们一直是朋友。
)4. 表示过去发生的动作在过去的某个时间结束,且不再持续到现在。
例如:- I have seen that movie before.(我以前看过那部电影。
)- She has already eaten lunch.(她已经吃过午饭了。
)5. 现在完成时经常与表示时间的状语连用,如already(已经)、just(刚刚)、never(从未)、ever(曾经)、yet(还)等。
例如:- Have you ever been to Beijing?(你曾经去过北京吗?)- They have just arrived.(他们刚刚到达。
最新英语翻译现在完成时用法归纳现在完成时是英语中最常用的时态之一,用来表达过去发生、对现在产生影响的动作或状态。
在进行英语翻译时,正确使用现在完成时非常重要。
本文将对最新的英语翻译现在完成时用法进行归纳总结。
一、现在完成时的构成方式在英语中,现在完成时由助动词“have”/“has”和动词的过去分词构成。
具体构成方式如下:- 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他成分肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他成分- 否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他成分否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他成分- 疑问句: Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他成分?疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他成分?二、现在完成时的用法1. 表达过去经历或行为对现在产生影响:现在完成时常用来表达对现在有关的过去发生的经历、行为或事件产生的影响。
例如:表达过去经历或行为对现在产生影响:现在完成时常用来表达对现在有关的过去发生的经历、行为或事件产生的影响。
例如:- I have lived in New York for five years. (我在纽约住了五年了,对现在的影响是我对纽约很熟悉)- She has worked hard, so she is tired now. (她工作很辛苦,所以现在她很累)2. 表达已经完成的动作或状态:现在完成时还用于表达已经完成的动作或状态,强调动作或状态的结果与现在的关系。
例如:表达已经完成的动作或状态:现在完成时还用于表达已经完成的动作或状态,强调动作或状态的结果与现在的关系。
例如:- They have finished their homework. (他们已完成了他们的家庭作业)- He has learned Chinese for two years. (他已学了两年中文了)3. 表达从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态:现在完成时也用于表达某一动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在的情况。
根据英语现在完成时的用法总结英语中的现在完成时是一种表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在产生的影响的时态。
以下是英语现在完成时的用法总结:1. 描述过去发生的动作或事件对现在的影响。
- 结构:主语 + have/has + 过去分词- 例句:I have finished my homework. (我已经完成了作业。
)- 解释:此句中,过去发生的动作是"完成作业",对现在的影响是"没有作业要做了"。
2. 表示过去发生的动作或事件持续到现在。
- 结构:主语 + have/has + been + 现在分词- 例句:She has been studying English for three years. (她已经学英语学了三年。
)- 解释:此句中,过去发生的动作是"学英语",持续到现在,表示她目前仍在学英语。
3. 表示过去发生的动作或事件在过去一段时间之前完成。
- 结构:主语 + had + 过去分词- 例句:They had already left when I arrived. (当我到达时,他们已经离开了。
)- 解释:此句中,过去发生的动作是"离开",在"我到达之前"完成。
4. 表示某个动作或事件在过去几次或多次发生。
- 结构:主语 + have/has + done- 例句:I have seen that movie three times. (我已经看过那部电影三次。
)- 解释:此句中,动词"see"表示"看电影",已经发生了多次,对现在的影响是"我对这部电影很熟悉"。
需要注意的是,英语现在完成时经常与具体的时间状语词或短语连用,如"already"、"just"、"recently"、"since"等,以进一步明确动作或事件发生的时间和对现在的影响。
现在完成时的句子现在完成时的句子在平时的学习、工作或生活中,大家都听说过或者使用过一些比较经典的句子吧,不同类型的句子具有不同的作用。
那么都有哪些类型的句子呢?下面是小编精心整理的现在完成时的句子,欢迎大家分享。
现在完成时的句子篇11、This is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次到这儿。
2、I"ve been doing my homework.我一直在做作业。
3、I’ve already been there twice、我只去过那里两次。
4、I"ve known her for 30 years.我认识她已经30年了。
5、I know you’ve come to see your father、我知道你来看你的爸爸。
6、I’ve just finished reading the book、我刚读完书。
7、Have you ever traveled on a plane?你坐飞机旅行过吗?8、I’ve never been there、我从来没去那里。
9、Who has been to Hawaii? None of us has、谁去过夏威夷?没人去过。
10、My momhas never travelled by air.我妈妈旅游从来没有坐过飞机。
11、Has anybody water-skied before?有人之前滑过水吗?12、They haven’t finished yet.他们还没结束。
13、Have you ever been to Hawaii?你去过夏威夷吗?14、Have you ever been abroad?你出国过吗?15、How many times have you been to Singapore?你去过新加坡几次?16、How long have you been here in Sydney?你来悉尼多久了?17、You’ve learnt surfing from him, haven’t you?你从他那里学的"滑水,不是吗?18、They are at home.他们在家里。
当前完毕时之阳早格格创做一.形成帮动词汇 have/has + 往日分词汇例:肯定句 I have worked. He has worked.可定句I have not (haven't ) worked. He has not (hasn't )worked .疑问句 Have you worked ? Has he worked ?回问Yes,I have. / No , I haven't . Yes, he has./ No, he hasn't.二.功能及意思1.表示一个动做爆收正在往日,对于当前仍有做用,但是不简曲的往日时间建饰.常由下列副词汇建饰: ever曾, never 从不,already已经,yet还(已),(yet只用正在可定句战疑问句中),just刚刚刚刚,recently,lately近去,so far 迄今为止= until now, up to now, before 往日例:Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 您曾去过少乡吗?I have never heard of such a man.尔从不听道过那部分.We have just had lunch 咱们刚刚刚刚吃过午饭I have already returned your money.尔已经把钱还给您了.I haven't found my book yet. (可)尔还不找到条记原Have you done your homework yet?(疑)您制做业了吗?Have you heard from him recently ? 您迩去支到他的去疑了吗?So far, no one has made any mistakes yet.迄今为止还不人犯过失I have never traveled by plane before .尔往日从去不乘飞机旅止过2 表示一个动做爆收正在往日,向去持绝到当前刚刚刚刚中断大概者仍正在继承.时常取下列时间状语连用:→for + 一段时间I have learned English for 8 years→since + 往日的一个时间面I have learned English since 2001→since + 一段时间+ agoI have learned English since 8 years ago→since + 时态为普遍往日时的时间状语从句I have learned English since I was 5 years old→ in the past/last +时间段We have had two English exams in the past two months近二个月去咱们举止了2次英语考查Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years 近十年去尔的家乡爆收了巨大的变更.三延绝性动词汇取短促性动词汇的用法当前完毕时中,取一段时间连用时应注意句中的谓语动词汇须是延绝性动词汇,非延绝性动词汇不可战一段时间连用.尔离启那所书院已经八年了.误: I have left this school for eight years(×)他借用尔的词汇典已经二天了误: He has borrowed my dictionary for two days(×)非延绝动词汇取一段时间连用时,可干相映转移果此中例句精确形式分别为尔离启那所书院已经八年了.正: I have been away from this school for eight years(√)他借用尔的词汇典已经二天了正: He has kept my dictionary for two days(√)其余非延绝性动词汇取时间段连用时的变形buy→have borrow→ keep,fall asleep →be asleep leave →be awaybegin →be on die →be dead,join→ be in大概be a member of return→ be back come/arrive→ be in get up →be up,marry →be married catch a cold→ have a cold正在可定句中短促性动词汇可取段时间连用I haven't gone to see him for several months(尔已经佳几个月不去瞅他了)I haven't bought anything for two months四区别have been to +天面; 表示去过某个场合(已经回去),常取ever, never ,频频,等连用have gone to +天面: 表示到场合去了(还出回去)have been in+天面:表示到了某个场合(多暂了),常取for + 段时间连用比较:He has been to China twice(曾去过,当前不正在华夏) He has gone to China 他到华夏去了.(他大概已正在去华夏的路上,大概已到华夏,总之,当前不正在那里)He has been in China for two years(他到华夏已经二年了)五对于完毕时的提问用 how long.....? 不克不迭用 when... ?六当前完毕时时常使用句型1 It is the first/second time....that....结构中的从句部分,用当前完毕时It is the first time that I have visited the city那是尔第一次瞅赏那座都会It is the third time that the boy has been late那是那个男死第三次早退了2 This is the... that.. 结构,that 从句要用当前完毕时This is the best film that I 've (ever) seen那是尔瞅过的最佳的影戏This is the first time that I've heard him sing那是尔第一次听他唱歌3 It is / It has been + 时间段+ since ...It has been/ It's 5 years since we last met.自从上一次咱们相逢到当前已经是五年了It's / It has been 3 months since the man died 那人死去3个月了4 一段时间+ 完毕时结构+ since 带领的时间状语从句Two years has passed since I came here.七当前完毕时战普遍往日时的辨别当前完毕时表示往日爆收的某一动做对于当前制成的做用大概截止,强调的是当前的情况,所以它不克不迭战表示往日的时间状语连用,如yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1998 等.而普遍往日时只表示往日的动做大概状态,战当前不爆收通联,它不妨战表示往日的时间状语连用I have seen the film 尔瞅过那部影戏(尔相识那部影戏的实质)I saw the film last week 尔上周瞅了那部影戏(只证明shangxingqi。
现在完成时的句型、用法及例句构成助动词have/has +过去分词例:肯定句 I have worked. 否定句 I have not(haven't ) worked. 疑问句 Have you worked ?回答 Yes, I have. / No , I have n't .功能及意义1.表示一个动作发生在过去,对现在仍有影响,但没有具体的过去时间修饰。
常由下列副词修饰: ever 曾经,never 从不, already 已经,yet 还(未),(yet 只用在否定句和疑问句中),just 刚刚,recently , lately 近来,so far 迄今为止=un til now, up to now ,before 以前例:Have you ever been to the Great Wall?尔曾经去过长城吗?I have n ever heard of such a ma 我从没有听说过那个人。
We have just had lunch 我们刚刚吃过午饭I have already returned your money 我已经把钱还给你了。
I have n't fou nd my book yet.(否)我还没有找到笔记本Have you do ne your homework yet?(疑)你做作业了吗?Have you heard from him recen tly ?你最近收到他的来信了吗?So far, no one has made any mistakes y 迄今为止还没有人犯错误I have n ever traveled by pla ne before 我以前从来没有乘飞机旅行过2表示一个动作发生在过去,一直持续到现在刚刚结束或者仍在继续。
常常与下列时间状语连用:—for + 一段时间I have lear ned En glishfor 8 years—since +过去的一个时间点I have lear ned En glish since 2001—since + 一段时间 + agoI have lear ned En glish since 8 years ago—since +时态为一般过去时的时间状语从句I have lear ned En glish since I was 5 years old—in the past/last + 时间段We have had two En glish exams in the past two mon th 近两个月来我们进行了 2 次英语考试Great cha nges have take n place in my hometow n in the past ten year 近十年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
1 现在完成时的五大句型归纳 2011-02-20 17:52:42| 分类: 语法归纳|标签:|字号大中小 订阅
◊ It ' s一段时间 +since …(或 It has been + 一段时间 +since …)
1. It ' s over twenty years since we last met. 我们已经有 20 多年没见面了。
2. It ' s over nine years since Scotland won a game against England. 苏格兰队已经有9年多没有在比赛中赢过英格兰队了。 3. It ' s a long time since our last vacation.从上个假期到现在已经很久了。
4. It is ten years since she left me. 她离开我已经 10 年了。
5. How long is it since we visited your mother? 自从我们看望你母亲以来到现在有多长时间了?
☆备注:since从句如是延续性动词,表示动作或状态的结束,计时的起点应是动作或状态的结束之 时, 因而其含义恰好与动词的词义相反,具有否定的意味。该考点不属于初中教学内容。 1. It is ten years since she was here. 自从她离开这里已经有 10 年了。
2. I haven ' t written tber since she lived in London. 自从她离开伦敦以来,我还没有给她写过信。
3. She has never been to see me since I was ill. 我病愈之后她从未来看过我。
◊ This is the +形容词最高级that +从句(从句用现在完成时)
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
I must say that it ' s the best moctede fever seen.(课本P17)我得说这是我看到过的最好的模型
◊ Where have you bee n?
I haven ' t seen you for a long time. Where have you been? 我好久没见到你了,你去哪里了?
Where have you been since I last saw you? 自从我上次见到你以后,你到哪儿去了?
◊ There have bee n …
There have been many changes to this place.( 课本 P19)这个地方已经有了很大的变化。
There have been many changes around here since I was a boy. 这里自我幼年起已发生了很多变
化。 2
It is the first time that I have visited the city. ◊情态动词加现在完成表示推测
must have done Could have done Can not have done Need not have done
翻译句子: 1. 他回来已经好长时间了。
2. 这是我玩过的最有趣的游戏。 3. 你到哪里去了? 4. 在过去五年里南京有了很大的变化。 5. 这是我第三次看这部电影。
Keys: 1. It ' s a long time since he came back. 2. This is the most interesting game that I have (ever) played. 3. Where have you been? 4. There have been great changes to Nanjing in the past five years. (Nanjing has changed a lot in the past five years.) 5. It is the third time that I have seen the film. 过去完成式
◊ It is the first / sec ond/ …time th从句 (从句用现在完成时)
这是我第一次参观这个城市 3 1 this was the first time that
2 hardly …when 3虚拟语气
4强调动作先后
过去完成式与下列三种句型连用。 1 had bee n doing + whe n ••• + 动词简单过去式:
本课: The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. 例: I had been reading when I heard steps outside. 我一直在读书之时,突然,我听至U 外边有脚步声。 比较:I was readi ng whe n I heard steps outside. 我正在读书之时,突然听到外边有脚步 声。 2 had been doi ng + before ••• + 动词简单过去式:
本课: Firema n had bee n fighti ng the forest fire for n early three weeks before they could get it un der con trol. 例: He had been working in a factory for years before he got this job. 在他得到这 个工作之前,他一直在一家工厂里工作有多年了。 3 He had bee n work ing for that for the last ten years. 十年来,他一直受雇于那家公
司。(讲这句话时,是指五十年代,或六十年代的情况) 女口: Empress Ci-Xi had bee n livi ng in the Summer Palace for the last two mon ths. 两 个月以来,西太后一直住在颐和园。(叙述过去情况)
上面两句话不能用 since代替for the last ••• 但可以说: He had bee n worki ng for that firm for five years (si nee his marriage) 4 had lived ••• before he retur ned to ••• 在回到 ............ 之前就曾经住
在 ........... 例如: 1)No sooner had he gone to sleep tha n the teleph one rang once more.( 他刚睡着,电话 4
铃又响了。) 2) He had no sooner reached the door than he came back.( 3) He had hardly had time to realize what was happening when she pushed him out of the room.( 他还来不及弄清发生了什么事,突然她把他推出房间去。 )
4) He acted as if he had done something great.( 他一举一动好象他做了一件什么了不起的 事似的。 ) 5) I had written him three letters before he wrote back.( 在他回我信之前我曾写给他三 封信。 ) 6) They had lived in many countries before they settled in England.( 在他们定居英国之 前,他们曾在许多
国家主过。 ) 7) I had hardly opened the door when he hit me on the head.( 我刚开门他就一拳打在我的 头上。 ) 8) We had hardly arrive when it began to snow.( 我们刚到就开始下雪了。 ) 9) Hardly had we arrived when we had to go back.( 我们刚到就不得不返回。 ) 2. no sooner ••• than,这个 than 很多人好象都喜欢写 then , 似乎认为then 比than
“说得通”。可是这毕竟是固定的搭配,不能一自己的想象来代替。 3. continually 与 continuously ,前者是有间隙停顿的“不断”,后者则是有连续性的“不 断”。
例: 1) The baby is continually crying. 婴儿不断地哭。
2) The river flows continuously. 河水不断地流。
他刚走到门口就走回来了