初中定语从句专项练习

1 定语从句专项练习卷 有答案

一、定义及相关术语

1. 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词称为先行词。

3. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；

关系副词：where, when, why等。

关系词常有三个作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read.

(that I have read是定语从句；novel是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel，在从句中作have read的宾语。)

关系词 指代人或物 定语从句中充当的成分

关系代词 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语或状语

which 物或主句内容 主语、宾语或定语

who 人 主语或宾语

whom 人 宾语

whose(＝of whom＝of which) 人或物 定语

as 物或主句内容 主语或宾语

关系副词 when(＝适当介词＋which) 时间 状语

where(＝适当介词＋which) 地点 状语

why(for which) 原因 状语

4. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。

非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 2 His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college.

他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥)

His brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college.

他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥)

二、关系代词和关系副词的使用

先行词为人时，关系代词的使用

1.在从句中用作主语时：用who或that(其谓语动词和数与先行词一致)

He is the person who/that is going to give a concert on the century square.

They are the people who/that aregoing to give a concert on the century square.

2.在从句中用作表语时：通常用that，常省略。

She decided that she would be the writer (that) her mother wanted her to be.

3. 在从句中用作动词宾语时：用who(m)或that，口语中皆可省略。

I telephoned the doctor (who/whom) Jackson had recommended.

4. 在从句中用作介词宾语时：介词在关系代词前时用whom; ：介词在句末时，用who(m)或that，口语中可省略。

He is not the young scientist about whom I talked just now.

He is not the young scientist (who/whom/that )I talked about just now.

5.在从句中用作名词的定语时：用whose.

I have never yet met a woman whose face is so beautiful..

先行词为物时，关系代词的使用

1.在从句中用作主语时：用which或that(其谓语动词和数与先行词一致)

I had a book which was written by a famous writer.

2.在从句中用作表语时：通常用that，常省略。

The computer is not the machine (that)it was.

3. 在从句中用作动词宾语时：用who(m)或that，口语中皆可省略。

I’m using the same camera(that/which) I have used for four years.

4. 在从句中用作介词宾语时：介词在关系代词前时用whom; ：介词在句末时，用who(m)或that，口语中可省略。

I have problems of my own of which you know nothing.

I have problems of my own( that/which) you know nothing of.

5.在从句中用作名词的定语时：用whose.

Have you seen the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen.

Have you seen the new machine the parts of which are too small to be seen.

下列情况下，定语从句中的关系代词只能用that： 3 1)当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, the one, none, all, much, few, any,

little等不定代词时，只用that。

All that can be done has been done.

2)当先行词被the only, the very, all, much, few, any, little, no修饰时，只用that。

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.

3)当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

【疑难点击】

4)先行词既有人又有物时，只用that。

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时，为避免重复要用that。

Who is the man that is standing there?

6)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个宜用that。

They have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to

environment protection.

7)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，只用that。

Hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be.

关系副词用法

1. 关系副词where(=介词+which)，在从句中用作地点状语

I have never been to the town where (=in which) I was born.

2. 关系副词when (=in which) 在从句中用作时间状语

It’s a kind of day when (=on which) you’d like to stay outside.

3. 关系副词why (=for which) 在从句中用作原因状语

There is no good reason why (=for which) she could leave so soon.

定语从句专练

I.选择填空

( ) 1. I need to call my friend David ______ coat I walked off by mistake

yesterday.

A. in whose B. in that C. with which D. with her

( ) 2. Is it the years ______ you worked in Africa as a doctor ______ have a great

effect on your literary works？

A. that; where B. that; that C. when; where D. when; 4 that

( ) 3. As was expected, only five people turned up at the party, ______

disappointed the hostess very much.

A. which B. that C. who D. where

( ) 4. We hope the measures to control prices, ______ are taken by the

government, will succeed.

A. as B. when C. since D. after

( ) 5. Bill Gates has created a wonderful “window” ______ people can surf the

Internet freely.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

( ) 6. There must be a time in every man's life ______.

A. that he is in low spirits B. which he is in low spirits

C. when he is in low spirits D. then he is in low spirits

( ) 7. He expressed his gratitude to his head teacher, without ______ help he

wouldn't have made such great progress in his studies.

A. whose B. his C. whom D. which

( ) 8. Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you had dinner with me yesterday