The Search for Anomalous W^+ W^- t bar{t} Couplings at the LC

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ANL-HEP-CP-01-006hep-ph/0101253
TheSearchforAnomalousW+W−t¯t
CouplingsattheLC
1

FranciscoLarios1,TimM.P.Tait2,andC.–P.Yuan
3
1
DepartmentodeF´ısicaAplicada,CINVESTAV-M´erida

A.P.73,97310M´erida,Yucat´an,M´exico

2
HEPDivision,ArgonneNationalLab

9700SouthCassAvenue,Argonne,IL60439USA

3
Dept.ofPhysicsandAstronomy,

MichiganStateUniversity
EastLansing,MI48824USA

Abstract.Westudyproductionoft¯tviaW+W−-fusion,includingtherelevantback-
groundsattheproposedLinearCollider(ane+e−colliderwith

1)
TalkcontributedtotheLinearColliderWorkshop2000(LCWS2000),24-28October2000,

Fermilab,Batavia,Illinois,USA.
expect.
InthistalkweaddresshowonecanusetheprocessW+W−→t¯tatahigh
energye+e−collider(whichweassumetohavecenter-of-massenergy

Λ
¯
ttW+µW−µ+

a
2
FIGURE1.Diagramsfore+e−→νe¯νet¯tthroughanomalousW+W−t¯tcouplings.
-1-0.500.51
a

1000

1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
N
o
.
o
f
E
v
e
n
t
s

FIGURE2.NumberofW+W−fusiont¯tpairsasafunctionoftheanomalouscouplingsa
1

(solidline)anda2(dash-dotline).Thepointa1=a2=0correspondstothepredictionofthe

HiggslessSM.

Ourexperimentalsignatureistakentobeat¯tpair,andmissingtransverseenergy
(ET)fromtheneutrinosinthefinalstate.Wealsoconsiderthedominantback-
groundtothisprocess,e+e−→t¯tγ,wherethephotonismissedbecauseitfalls
outsideofthedetectorcoverage(assumedtobe0.15radaboutthebeamaxis),thus
fakingmissingET.Weimposetherestrictionthatthetand¯teachhavetransverse
momentumpT≥20GeVandrapidity|y|≤2inordertobeobservable.Inaddi-
tion,wefindthatwecansuppressthefakebackgroundbyrequiringthepTofthet¯t
pairtoalsobelargerthan20GeV,becausethefakerateproducesphotonswhich
tendtobecollinearwiththeincomingelectrons.Afterimposingthesecuts,weare
leftwithcrosssectionsof4fb(assuminga1=a2=0)fore+e−→t¯tν¯νand1.8fb
fore+e−→t¯tγ.Thefakebackgroundmaybefurtherreduced,bypolarizingthe
e−and/ore+beam,becauseinthesignalW+W−→t¯tprocesstheWbosonsonly
coupletoleft-(right-handed)fermions(anti-fermions),whereasthefakeprocessis
dominatedbyinitialstateradiationwhichcouplestobothpolarizations.
Wenowallowa1anda2tobenon-zero,andderive95%confidencelevel(C.L.)
constraintsontheseparameters.Thesimplestthingonecandoistocountthe
numberofW+W−→t¯tevents.Thedependenceona1anda2isshowninFig.2.
Notethatbecausetheprimaryinfluenceofthenewphysicsoperatorsisthroughan
interferenceeffect,theeventratecanactuallybesmallerthantheHSMprediction.
Requiringthatno95%C.L.deviationisobservedrestricts−0.13≤a1≤0.18and
−0.9≤a2≤0.2.
Onemayimprovetheseconstraintsbynotingthatthenewphysicsoperatorsre-
sultinmodifiedkinematicdistributionsfortheproducedtopquarks.Inparticular,
wehavefoundthatboththerapidityofthet¯tsystem,yt¯t,andtherapiditygapbe-
tweenthetand¯t,yt−y¯t,aresensitivetothepresenceoftheanomalousW+W−t¯t
operators.Inparticular,thetensoroperator(a2)tendstoshiftthetand¯trapidi-
tiesintheoppositedirectionsfromtheHSMpredictions,andthustherapidity
gapdistributionisespeciallyeffectiveatrevealingthepresenceofsuchaP-wave
newphysicseffect.Wequantifythedeviationofagivenmeasureddistribution
comparedtotheHSMpredictionbytheχ2deviation,

χ2=Σ
K
j=1

(NAj−NHSMj)
2
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