[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷133.doc

第三部分模拟试题考博英语模拟试题及详解（一）I.Vocabulary:(10points)Directions:Choose answer A,B,C or D that best defines the underlined part.1.Experts are continuing their efforts to determine the cause of Wednesday’s crash.A.decideB.discoverC.defineD.defend2.These sanctions will have a deterrent effect upon the actions of the government.A.encouragingB.constructiveC.destructiveD.discouraging3.In spite of his sophistication and diplomatic expertise,he has antagonized important sections of the public.A.simplicityB.dignityC.eagernessD.experience4.The ancient Ankar inhabitants in South America were nomadic huntergatherers.A.romanticB.skilfulC.wonderingD.wandering5.The history of the exploration of Antarctica recounts many tales or perseverance and suffering.A.wearinessB.enduranceC.tirednessD.duration6.The police are looking for a man who is molesting young women.A.disturbingB.avoidingC.delightingD.urging7.An expert in any field may be defined as a person who possesses specialized skills and is capable of rendering very competent services.A.masteringB.providingC.financingD.obtaining8.Murtala Mohammed,Head of State,was killed during an attempted coup.Many Nigerians suspected foreign complicity.A.interferenceB.intrusionC.invasionD.partnership9.This autumn’s electricity privatization alone is reckoned to have generated about47letters.A.assessedB.estimatedC.balancedD.forecasted10.If there are civilizations on other planets,they are likely to be radically different from ours.A.partiallyB.basicallyC.approximatelyD.exactly Directions:Choose answer A,B,C or D that best fills in the blank.11.The Wright brothers the design of the first successful motor-powered plane.A.confrontedB.concealedC.convertedD.conceived12.Generally speaking,his test was very good;he only made a few mistakes.A.trivialB.messyC.quantitativeD.regular13.I was in the middle of my call because I had no more pennies to put in the box.A.broken inB.cut offC.hung upD.cut down14.Accuracy and expressiveness are the two in translation;the first is toexpress the exact thought of the original article and the second is to make the translation readily understood.A.acquisitionsB.requisitesC.requestsD.inquiries15.Now that we have lost all the money,it’s no use me and saying it’s all my fault.A.talking oning onC.counting onD.turning on16.The lady complained about the air-conditioner she bought from the market.A.inefficientB.defectiveC.indignantD.incorporate17.Anyone who can study abroad is fortunate;but,of course,it is not easy to make thefrom one culture to another.A.transactionB.transitionC.transmissionD.transportation18.The knowledge that a rescue team would be searching for them the trapped miners.A.sustainedB.suspectedC.attainedD.obtained19.It is as one of the greatest pieces of engineering work in the world.A.characterizedB.characteristicC.classicD.clarified20.The loss of some of his did not stop him from being a useful member of society.A.abilitiesB.facultiesC.capacitiesD.capabilitiesII.Cloze Test:(10points)Directions:Read the passage through.Then go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A,B,C or D for each blank in the passage.This book provides you with the simple basics for being physically fit.21your age or present state of fitness,you will find within these pages all the22 you want or need to help you begin and23a program of healthy and enjoyable exercise.24will you find it easy to25charts for walking,running,swimming, cycling,and many more healthy exercise activities,you will also find the26 information27why such exercise is good for you and28an active lifestyle will29your health and well-being.You will learn the important particulars about being properly tested.Exercise30that have been used in the Ball State Adult Fitness Program over the years are provided.These charts are included for you31at a32and safe intensity—an effort level that helps you reap the33of becoming physically fit.This book represents a sifting of knowledge and experience I have34 leading exercise programs for more than two decades.The35of this book may surprise you,36Wayne Anderson and I have assembled in this book as concisely and clearly as possible.Instead of being enrolled in our adult physical fitness program,you are reading this book that puts me37in trying to help you to become physically fit.We all know that teaching by the printed page is not 38.The most effective instruction39personal attention.But since this is not possible,I’m40that the information on the pages that follow will bring you as close as any absence can get to actually enrolling in our program.21.A.At the mercy of B.Regardless of C.By reason of D.In light ofrmation B.references C.resources D. examples23.A.involve B.operate C.carry D.maintain24.A.No sooner B.Not only C.Hardly D.Seeing that25.A.render B.imitate C.follow D.improvetter ter tely test27.A.on B.in C.at D.over28.A.what B.how C.when D.that29.A.affect B.retard fort D. improve30.A.charts B.tests C.programs D. schedules31.A.following B.follow C.followed D.to follow32.A.reasonable B.sustainable C.negligent D. maximum33.A.advantages B.benefits C.formation D. strategy34.A.witnessed B.inquired C.acquired D. abandonedplexity B.simplicity C.illustration D.content36.A.for B.so C.thus D.and37.A.at a disadvantage B.on the grounds C.at a stake D.tn the contrary38.A.difficult B.smooth C.easy D.fluent39.A.calls off B.brings up C.calls for D.turns down40.A.doubtful B.confused C.pleased D. confidentIII.Reading comprehension:(30points)Passage1Superman fans will know the hero spent most of his time disguised as Clark Kent,mild-mannered and hard-working reporter for the DaiiyGlobe.When called upon to perform a superhuman teat,Kent would duck into a phone booth and in a split second whirl out of his suit into the blue body-stocking and red cape that were Superman’s uniform.The whirling kept bystanders from witnessing the transformation.Cartoonist Tony Auth reverses Superman’s routine to make a tongue-in-cheek comment on Cahfornia’s new governor,56-year old muscleman Arnold Schwarzenegger.On October7,Governor Gray Davis was ousted from office;the body building champion,Austrian immigrant and action film star was elected to replace him.In a flash Annie was transformed from a film superhero into the leader of a state bedeviled by complex financial problems,a hemorrhage of jobs and political gridlock in the state legislature.。

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionTo us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors.1．The first use of umbrella was as ______.A．protection against rainB．a shade against the sunC．a symbol of powerD．a symbol of honor正确答案：B解析：本题的依据句是第1段最后一句：Its first use was a shade against the sun。

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷136(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionOne hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the “cashless society”is not on the horizon—it’s already here. While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself. Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors , bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.1．According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to ______.A．withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishesB．obtain more convenient services than other people doC．enjoy greater trust from the storekeeperD．cash money wherever he wishes to正确答案：B解析：本题是细节题，从第1段可以得出答案。

新疆大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析一、SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points) Many foreigners who have not visited Britain call all the inhabitants English,for they are used to thinking of the British Isles as England.1,the British Isles contain a variety of peoples, and only the people of England call themselves English.The others 2to themselves as Welsh,Scottish,or Irish,3the case may be;they are often slightly annoyed4being classified as“English”.Even in England there are many5in regional character and speech. The chief6is between southern England and northern England.South of a7going from Bristol to London,people speak the type of English usually learnt by foreign students,8there are local variations.Further north regional speech is usually“9”than that of southern Britain.Northerners are10to claim that they work harder than Southerners,and are more11.They are open-hearted and Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi hospitable; foreigners often find that they make friends with them12.Northerners generally have hearty13:the visitor to Lancashire or Yorkshire,for instance,may look forward to receiving generous14at meal times.In accent and character the people of the Midlands15a gradual change from the southern to the northern type of Englishman.In Scotland the sound16by the letter“R”is generally a strong sound,and“R”is often pronounced in words in which it would be 17in southern English.The Scots are said to be a serious,cautious, thrifty people,18inventive and somewhat mystical.All the Celtic peoples of Britain(the Welsh,the Irish,the Scots)are frequently 19as being more“fiery”than the English.They are20a race that is quite distinct from the English.(289words)Notes:fiery暴躁的，易怒的。

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷105(总分：34.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：34.00)The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job. More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work. What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things. As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity to the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.（分数：10.00）(1).The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries______.（分数：2.00）A.is subject to groundless doubtsB.has fallen victim of biasC.is conventional downgradedD.has been overestimated(2).It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system______.（分数：2.00）A.challenges economists and politiciansB.takes efforts of generationsC.demands priority from the governmentD.requires sufficient labor force(3).A major difference between the Japanese and U.S. workforces is that______.（分数：2.00）A.the Japanese workforce is better disciplinedB.the Japanese workforce is more productiveC.the U.S. workforce has a better educationD.the U.S. workforce is more organized(4).The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged______.（分数：2.00）A.when people had enough timeB.prior to better ways of finding foodC.when people on longer went hungD.as a result of pressure on government(5).According to the last paragraph, development of education______.（分数：2.00）A.results directly from competitive environmentsB.does not depend on economic performanceC.follows improved productivityD.cannot afford political changesIf ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped with the educated themselves riding on them. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs. The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious." The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.（分数：8.00）(1).It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if______.（分数：2.00）A.its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB.it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC.its goals are spiritual rather than materialD.it is shared by the rich and the famous(2).The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is______.（分数：2.00）A.customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB.too late to check ambition once it has been let outC.dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD.impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition(3).Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because______.（分数：2.00）A.they think of it as immoralB.their pursuits are not fame or wealthC.ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD.they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible(4).From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained______.（分数：2.00）A.secretly and vigorouslyB.openly and enthusiasticallyC.easily and momentarilyD.verbally and spirituallyIt's a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn , among other things, that you might — surprise — fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy "does not enable user to fly". While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. "We' re really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injuries," says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. "Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities, " says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate demand of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.（分数：8.00）(1).What were things like in 1980s when accidents happened?（分数：2.00）A.Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.B.Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.panies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.D.Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.(2).Manufacturers as mentioned in the passage tend to______.（分数：2.00）A.satisfy customers by writing long warnings on productsB.become honest in describing the inadequacies of their productsC.make the best use of labels to avoid legal liabilityD.feel obliged to view customers' safety as their first concern(3).The case of Schutt helmet demonstrated that______.（分数：2.00）A.some injury claims were no longer supported by lawB.helmets were not designed to prevent injuriesC.product labels would eventually be discardedD.some sports games might lose popularity with athletes(4).The author' s attitude towards the issue seems to be______.（分数：2.00）A.biasedB.indifferentC.puzzlingD.objectiveIn the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private internet. Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the PointCast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That's a prospect that horrifies Net purists. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, , and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.（分数：8.00）(1).We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business______.（分数：2.00）A.has been striving to expand its marketB.intended to follow a fanciful fashionC.tried but in vain to control the marketD.has been booming for one year or so(2).Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that______.（分数：2.00）A.the technology is popular with many Web usersB.businesses have faith in the reliability of online transactionsC.there is a radical change in strategyD.it is accessible limitedly to established partners(3).In the view of Net purists,______.（分数：2.00）A.there should be no marketing messages in online cultureB.money making should be given priority to on the WebC.the Web should be able to function as the television setD.there should be no online commercial information without requests(4).We learn from the last paragraph that______.（分数：2.00）A.pushing information on the Web is essential to Internet commerceB.interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customersC.leading companies began to take the online plunge decades agoD.setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (40 % )Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on thebest choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Eight times within the past million years, something in the Earth's climatic equation has changed, allowing snow in the mountains and the northern latitudes to accumulate from one season to the next instead ofmelting away. Each time, the enormous ice sheets resulting from this continual buildup lasted tens of thousands of years until the end of each particular glacial cycle brought a warmer climate. Scientists speculatedthat these glacial cycles were ultimately driven by astronomical factor: slow, cyclic changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and in the tilt and orientation of its spin axis. But up until around 30 years ago, the lackof an independent record of ice-age timing made the hypothesis untreatable.Then in the early 1950's Emirian produced the first complete record of the waxwings and awnings of firstglaciations. It came from a seemingly odd place, the seafloor. Single-cell marine organisms called "foraminifera'' house themselves in shells made from calcium carbonate. When the foraminifera die, sink to the bottom, and become part of seafloor sediments, the carbonate of their shells preserves certain characteristics ofthe seawater they inhabited. In particular, the ratio of a heavy isotope of oxygen (oxygen- 18) to ordinaryoxygen (oxygen - 16) in the carbonate preserves the ratio of the two oxygen’s in water molecules.It is now understood that the ratio of oxygen isotopes reflects the proportion of the world's water lockedup in glaciers and ice sheets. A kind of meteorological distillation accounts for the link. Water molecules containing the heavier isotope tend to condense and fall as precipitation slightly sooner than molecules containingthe lighter isotope. Hence, as water vapor evaporated from warm oceans moves away from its source, its oxygen - 18 returns more quickly to the oceans than does its oxygen - 16. What falls as snow on distant icesheets and mountain glaciers is relatively depleted of oxygen -18. As the oxygen -18 -poor ice builds up,the oceans become relatively enriched in the isotope. The larger the ice sheets grow, the higher the proportionof oxygen - 18 becomes in seawater -- and hence in the sedimentsAnalyzing cores drilled from seafloor sediments, Mililani found that the isotopic ratio rose and fell inrough accord with the Earth's astronomical cycles. Since that pioneering observation, oxygen isotope measurements have been made on hundreds of cores. The combined record enables scientists to show that the record contains the very periodicities as the orbital processes. Over the past 800, 000 years, the global ice volume peaked every 100,000 years, matching the period of the orbital eccentricity variation. In addition,"wrinkles" superposed on each cycle -- small decreases or surges in ice volume -- have come at intervals ofroughly 23, 000 and 41,000 years, in keeping with the precession and tilt frequencies of the Earth's spinaxis.16. In opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________A. unfolding a phenomenon.B. posing a contrast.C. refuting a speculation.D. testifying a hypothesis.17. The expression "waxings and wanings" (Paragraph 2) most probably means ________A. regularities and eccentricities.B. vaporizations and sediments.C. variants and constants.D. maximizations an minimizations.18. As pointed out in the text, the ratio of oxygen - 18 to oxygen - 16 in seafloor sediments and that of these isotopes locked in glaciers and ice-sheets are________A. irrelevant.B. correlated.C. corresponding.D. identical.19. Single-cell marine organisms referred to as "foraminifera" as mentioned in the text might serve as_________A. a proof against the existence of oxygen.B. a testimony to sediment formation processes.C. a valid record justifying glacial periodic cycles.D. an indicator of the ratio of the two oxygen’s.20. What can we safely infer from the text?A. Many a phenomenon might be caused by astronomical factors.B. Any hypothesis should be abandoned unless supported by solid records.C. Glaciers are the records keeping Earth's astronomical cycles.D. Oxygen isotopes are evenly distributed throughout the earth surface.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite between smoking and bronchial troubles,heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, thegovernments of most countries hear no evil, see no evil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governmentshave taken timid measures. In Britain, for example, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. Theconscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerousdeath.You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been solukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It's almost like a tax onour daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for itsentire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vastsums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent oncancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In thelong run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestlyconcerned about the welfare of their peoples, you'd think they'd conduct aggressive antismoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertisingis as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early inthe morning. That would never do. The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. Theysuggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life,with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments, could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should thenconduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be banned in all public places liketheatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the direconsequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning -- say, a picture of a death's head -- should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.21. The best title of the text may be _______A. give up the habit of smoking immediately.B. word governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.C. go on with anti-smoking lobby vigorously.D. world governments should allocate more funds on cancer researches.22. As pointed out in the text, governments are reluctant to exercise total ban on cigarette and tobacco advertising _____A. in the interests of financial rewards.B. for the sake of the public's welfare.C. without regard to tax collections.D. in anticipation of smokerslobbying.23. The word "hypocrisy" ( Paragraph 2) denotes ______A. dishonesty.B. predicament.C. indecision.D. intimidation.24. It can be concluded that anti-smoking campaigns should be conducted_______A. insidiously and discreetly.B. vividly and attractively.C. aggressively and drastically.D. disinterestedly and bravely.25. The author is most critical of________A. anti-smoking lobbyists.B. tobacco advertisers.C. world governments.D. tax collectors.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:It is the staff of dreams and nightmares. Where Tony Blair's attempts to make Britain love the Euro havefallen on deaf ears, its incarnation as notes and coins will succeed. These will be used not just in the Euro area but in Britain. As the British become accustomed to the Euro as a cash currency, they will warm to itpaving the way for a yes note in a referendum.The idea of Euro creep appeals to both sides of the Euro argument. According to the pros, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those in favor are bound towin. According to the antis, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those opposed must mobilize for the fight.Dream or nightmare, Euro creep envisages the single currency worming its way first into the British economy and then into the affections of voters. British tourists will come back from their European holidaysladen with Euros, which they will spend not just at airports but in high street shops. So, too, will foreignvisitors. As the Earn becomes a parallel currency, those who make up the current two-o-one majority willchange their minds. From there, it will be a short step to decide to dispense with the pound.Nell Kinnock, a European commissioner and former leader of the Labor Party, predicts that the Eurowill soon become Britain's second currency. Hans Eichel, the German finance minister, also says that it willbecome a parallel currency in countries like Switzerland and Britain. Peter Hain, the European minister whois acting as a cheerleader for membership, says the Euro will become "a practical day-to-day reality and thatwill enable people to make a sensible decisionabout it". As many as a third of Britain's biggest retailers,such as Marks and Spencer, have said they will take Euros in some of their shops. BP has also announcedthat it will accept Euros at some of its garages.But there is less to this than meet the eye. British tourists can now withdraw money from cash point fromEuropean holiday destinations, so they are less likely than in the past to end up with excess foreign money. Even if they do, they generally get rid of it at the end of their holidays, says David Southwell, a spokesman for the British Retail Consortium (BRC).26. According to the writer, once the British get used to the Euro,__A. there will be no obstacle for it to be a currency in Britain.B. it will take the place of pound in whatever aspects in Britain.C. the British will accept it as a cash currency gradually.D. it will become a symbol of reunification for European countries.27. The writer seems_________A. to be over-enthusiastic about the success of the Euro.B. to launch a vigorous campaign against the Euro creep.C. to hold a hostile attitude towards Euro expansions.D. to take a matter-of-face attitude towards the issue.28. The word "cheerleader" ( Paragraph 4) can best be replaced by ________A. "voter".B. "advocator".C. "critic".D. "prophet".29. What does the writer intends to illustrate with Marks and Spencer.9A. A kind of professional service.B. Objections to the Euro creep.C. A type of subjective brand loyalty.D. Expansions of the Euro in Britain.30. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Prospect of the Euro in Britain.B. A New Currency under Attack.C. The Popularity of the Euro in Britain.D. A Theme of Dreams and Nightmares. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struckby the appearance of the women taking part. Their hairstyles and make-up look dated; their skirts look eithertoo long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film,on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the years, the great majority of men have successfullyresisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each yeara few so-called top designers' in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over msh toobey. The doctrines of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitraryfashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out,, Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because theyshudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually blackmailed by the designers and the big stores, Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standingin front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vastsums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Woman who cannot afford to discardclothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Hemlines are taken up or letdown; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested inoutward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at thesight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deepsnow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Dothe constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness andinstability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging stylesof dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.31. In the opening paragraph, the writer introduced his topic by________A. introducing an illusion.B. making a comparison.C. depicting a vivid scene.D. posing a sharp contrast.32. In the eyes of the author, the dictates of fashion probably means a sort of design characterized by ________A. obsolescence and sensibility.B. uniqueness and stability.C. creativity and hypocrisy.D. inconstancy and irrationality.33. The word "blackmailed" most probably means ________A. "taken advantage of"B. "given thought to".C. "taken into account".D. "born in mind".34. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.A. suitabilityB. comfortC. appearanceD. fabric35. It can be inferred from the passage that women should________A. see through the very nature of fashion myths.B. boycott the products of the fashion industry.C. avoid following fashion doctrines too closely.D. blame designers for their waste of money.Part III Vocabulary (10 % )Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlinedword. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36. The recovery and ________ of the country' s economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in 'attractive locations.A. renewalB. revivalC. recessionD. relief37. In fact tho purchasing power of a single person's pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per cent of the value of the ______ Singapore pension.A. equivalentB. similarC. consistentD. identical38. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be ______ as to their motive inmaking contact.A. seen throughB. checked outC. touched onD. accounted to39. According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello ,just as there is worldwide _______ with boxing, so thereis worldwide opposition.A. passionB. attractionC. emotionD. fascination40. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar intheir _______ aspects.A. potentialB. socialC. essentialD. partial41. ________ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up suggestions for improving yourpresentation and qualifications.A. Take the most ofB. Keep the most ofC. Have the most ofD. Make the most of42. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly_______A. let aloneB. let outC. let downD. let on43. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become __ to her economy and politics over forty years' association.A. integralB. unilateralC. rationalD. hierarchical44. With most online recruitment services,jobseekers must choose their words 'carefully;________ the searchengine will never make the correct match.A. thereforeB. whereasC. providedD. otherwise45. The child should always ______ the same basic procedure:seeing the whole word-heating and pronouncing-writing from memory.A. go throughB. take overC. respond toD. carry off46. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3 - 12 years old _______ what hotel they are stayingin.A. regardless inB. regardless ofC. regardless onD. regardless from47. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he's been _______ with requests formoney from all sides.A. devastatedB. smashedC. bombardedD. cracked48. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, feel sure that I have no _________ but toreport him to the local police.A. timeB. chanceC. authorityD. alternative49. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.A. teem withB. brim withC. come withD. look with50. They are always ready to heavy responsibilities.A. take inB. take onC. put onD. put in51. There is only one difference between an old man and a young onethe young one has a glorious futurebefore him and the old one has a ________ future behind him.A. splendidB. conspicuousC. uproariousD. imminent52. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only______necessity.A. within reach ofB. for fear ofC. by means ofD. in case of53. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiates54. _______ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8 - 10 minutes or until most of the waterhas evaporated.A. Turn offB. Turn overC. Turn downD. Turn up55. Banks shall be unable to _______,or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt leftwith them.A. write offB. put asideC. shrink fromD. come overPart IV Cloze (10 % )Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letteron the Answer Sheet.Every second, 56 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's one to two football fields.This 57 rate of destruction has serious consequences 58 the environment. Scientists estimate,forexample, that 137 59 of plant, insect or animal become 60 every day due to logging. In British Columbia, 61 , since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have alreadybecome extinct, and the 62 of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 63 , provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so thegovernment is 64 to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production 65 making pulp andpaper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada 66 34% of the world's wood pulpand 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be 67 . Recently, a possible 68 way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists:a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands ofyears. It produces fore which can be 69 paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, itwas essential to the economies of many countries 70 it was used to make the ropes and cables used onsailing ships;colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading 71 would not have beenpossible 72 hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientistsare now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be 73 for the production of paper and pulp. Accordingto its proponents, four-times as 74 paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, andmany environmentalists believe that the 75 scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure onCanada's forests.56. A. matching B. equivalent C. mounting D. reaching57. A. great B. wonderful C. imaginary D. alarming58. A. for B. on C. at D. to59. A. types B. categories C. species D. classes60. A. extinct B. distinct C. dead D. exhausted61. A. when B. who C. where D. which62. A. territory B. land C. habitat D. inhabitant63. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. instead64. A. willing B. likely C. reluctant D. intended65. A. goes up B. goes towards C. goes into D. goes at66. A. supplies B. offers C. presents D. provides67. A. maintained B. sustained C. preserved D. held68. A. optional B. potential C. promising D. alternative69. A. made into B. made for C. made up D. made of70. A. since B. because C. as D. while71. A. link B. exchange C. network D. site72. A. except B. without C. with D. besides73. A. resumed B. renewed C. refreshed D. revived74. A. much B. many C. few D. more75. A. great B. large C. immense D. massivePart V Translation from English into ChineseDirections:Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growthwill depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of these is the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future,however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Dmcker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another sourceof new industries is the science of the oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals fromthe seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materialsfor making objects. One such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Dmcker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers,and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specificneeds. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, hepoints out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass Will have trouble competing withthose that produce these new materials.Part VI Writing( 15 % )Directions:A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:( 1 ) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.(2) point out the problem and give your comments.C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)参考答案与解析16．A 题干问：“在文章开头作者通过什么方式引入话题?”正确选项为A“揭示一种自然现象”。

考博英语模拟试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Written at least 100 years ago, the handwriting faded and certainly became ______.A．infiniteB．illegibleC．infectiousD．immune正确答案：B解析：infinite无限的；illegible难辨认的，字迹模糊的；infectious有传染性的，易感染的；immune免疫的。

2．It is doubtful whether anyone can be a truly ______ observer of events.A．inadequateB．impassiveC．geniusD．impartial正确答案：D解析：inadequate不足的；impassive被动的，冷漠的；genius天才，天赋；impartial公平的，不偏不倚的。

3．She was ______ by the lack of appreciation shown of her hard work.A．frustratedB．dispersedC．functionedD．displaced正确答案：A解析：frustrated失败，落空；dispersed被分散的，散布的；functioned活动，运行；displaced取代，代替。

4．The shuttle exploded in the air suddenly and broke into ______ at once.A．diversityB．fragmentsC．doctrineD．drought正确答案：B解析：diversity差异，多样性；fragments碎片，断片；doctrine教条，学说；drought干旱，缺乏。

考博英语（词汇）模拟试卷3(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Many of the conditions that______population pressures—overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness—lead to dissatisfaction.A．bring forwardB．give rise toC．feed up withD．result from正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：bring forward“提出，提供”；give rise to“引起，导致，使发生”；feed up with“使对……厌烦”；result from“起因于，由……造成”。

根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是D。

知识模块：词汇2．Arriving anywhere with these possessions, he might just as easily______for a month or a year as for a single day.A．put upB．stay upC．speed upD．make up正确答案：A解析：在给出的选项中：put up“在某地投宿”；stay up“熬夜，不睡觉”；speed up“加速”；make up“组成，化妆，整理”。

根据句意和各个选项的意思可知，正确答案是A。

知识模块：词汇3．The fact that the earth’s surface heats______provides a convenient way to divide it into temperature region.A．infrequentlyB．irregularlyC．unsteadilyD．unevenly正确答案：D解析：在给出的选项中：infrequently“很少发生地，稀少地”；irregularly“不规则地，无规律地”；unsteadily“不稳定地，摇摆地”；unevenly“不均衡地，不平坦地，不平行地”。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension(15 points) (略)Part II Reading Comprehension (40 % )Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each or them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Eight times within the past million years, something in the Earth's climatic equation has changed, allowing snow in the mountains and the northern latitudes to accumulate from one season to the next instead of melting away. Each time, the enormous ice sheets resulting from this continual buildup lasted tens of thousands of years until the end of each particular glacial cycle brought a warmer climate. Scientists speculated that these glacial cycles were ultimately driven by astronomical factor: slow, cyclic changes in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit and in the tilt and orientation of its spin axis. But up until around 30 years ago, the lack of an independent record ofice-age timing made the hypothesis untreatable.Then in the early 1950's Emirian produced the first complete record of the waxwings and awnings of first glaciations. It came from a seemingly odd place, the seafloor. Single-cell marine organisms called "foraminifera'' house themselves in shells made from calcium carbonate. Whenthe foraminifera die, sink to the bottom, and become part of seafloor sediments, the carbonate of their shells preserves certain characteristics of the seawater they inhabited. In particular, the ratioof a heavy isotope of oxygen (oxygen- 18) to ordinary oxygen (oxygen - 16) in the carbonater molecules.preserves the ratio of the two oxygen’s in wateIt is now understood that the ratio of oxygen isotopes reflects the proportion of the world's water locked up in glaciers and ice sheets. A kind of meteorological distillation accounts for the link. Water molecules containing the heavier isotope tend to condense and fall as precipitation slightly sooner than molecules containing the lighter isotope. Hence, as water vapor evaporated from warm oceans moves away from its source, its oxygen - 18 returns more quickly to the oceans than does its oxygen - 16. What falls as snow on distant ice sheets and mountain glaciers is relatively depleted of oxygen -18. As the oxygen -18 -poor ice builds up, the oceans become relatively enriched in the isotope. The larger the ice sheets grow, the higher the proportion of oxygen - 18 becomes in seawater -- and hence in the sedimentsAnalyzing cores drilled from seafloor sediments, Mililani found that the isotopic ratio roseand fell in rough accord with the Earth's astronomical cycles. Since that pioneering observation, oxygen isotope measurements have been made on hundreds of cores. The combined record enables scientists to show that the record contains the very periodicities as the orbital processes. Over the past 800, 000 years, the global ice volume peaked every 100,000 years, matching the period of the orbital eccentricity variation. In addition, "wrinkles" superposed on each cycle -- small decreases or surges in ice volume -- have come at intervals of roughly 23, 000 and 41,000 years, in keeping with the precession and tilt frequencies of the Earth's spin axis.16. In opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by________A. unfolding a phenomenon.B. posing a contrast.C. refuting a speculation.D. testifying a hypothesis.17. The expression "waxings and wanings" (Paragraph 2) most probably means ________A. regularities and eccentricities.B. vaporizations and sediments.C. variants and constants.D. maximizations an minimizations.18. As pointed out in the text, the ratio of oxygen - 18 to oxygen - 16 in seafloor sediments andthat of these isotopes locked in glaciers and ice-sheets are________A. irrelevant.B. correlated.C. corresponding.D. identical.19. Single-cell marine organisms referred to as "foraminifera" as mentioned in the text might serve as_________A. a proof against the existence of oxygen.B. a testimony to sediment formation processes.C. a valid record justifying glacial periodic cycles.D. an indicator of the ratio of the t wo oxygen’s.20. What can we safely infer from the text?A. Many a phenomenon might be caused by astronomical factors.B. Any hypothesis should be abandoned unless supported by solid records.C. Glaciers are the records keeping Earth's astronomical cycles.D. Oxygen isotopes are evenly distributed throughout the earth surface.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:If you smoke and you still don't believe that there's a definite between smoking and bronchial troubles, heart disease and lung cancer, then you are certainly deceiving yourself. No one will accuse you of hypocrisy. Let us just say that you are suffering from a bad case of wishful thinking. This needn't make you too uncomfortable because you are in good company. Whenever the subject of smoking and health is raised, the governments of most countries hear no evil, see noevil and smell no evil. Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures. In Britain, for example, cigarette advertising has been banned on television. The conscience of the nation is appeased, while the population continues to puff its way to smoky, cancerous death.You don't have to look very far to find out why the official reactions to medical findings have been so lukewarm. The answer is simply money. Tobacco is a wonderful commodity to tax. It's almost like a tax on our daily bread. In tax revenue alone, the government of Britain collects enough from smokers to pay for its entire educational facilities. So while the authorities point out ever so discreetly that smoking may, conceivably, be harmful, it doesn't do to shout too loudly about it.This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine. While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other. Enormous amounts are spent on cancer research and on efforts to cure people suffering from the disease. Countless valuable lives are lost. In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody wouldbe much better-off if smoking were banned altogether.Of course, we are not ready for such drastic action. But if the governments of the world were honestly concerned about the welfare of their peoples, you'd think they'd conduct aggressive antismoking campaigns. Far from it! The tobacco industry is allowed to spend staggering sums on advertising. Its advertising is as insidious as it is dishonest. We are never shown pictures of real smokers coughing up their lungs early in the morning. That would never do. The advertisements always depict virile, clean-shaven young men. They suggest it is manly to smoke, even positively healthy! Smoking is associated with the great open-air life, with beautiful girls, true love and togetherness. What utter nonsense!For a start, governments, could begin by banning all cigarette and tobacco advertising and should then conduct anti-smoking advertising campaigns of their own. Smoking should be bannedin all public places like theatres, cinemas and restaurants. Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially of the dire consequences of taking up the habit. A horrific warning -- say,a picture of a death's head -- should be included in every packet of cigarettes that is sold. As individuals we are certainly weak, but if governments acted honestly and courageously, they could protect us from ourselves.21. The best title of the text may be _______A. give up the habit of smoking immediately.B. word governments should conduct serious campaigns against smoking.C. go on with anti-smoking lobby vigorously.D. world governments should allocate more funds on cancer researches.22. As pointed out in the text, governments are reluctant to exercise total ban on cigarette and tobacco advertising _____A. in the interests of financial rewards.B. for the sake of the public's welfare.C. without regard to tax collections.D. in anticipation of smokers lobbying.23. The word "hypocrisy" ( Paragraph 2) denotes ______A. dishonesty.B. predicament.C. indecision.D. intimidation.24. It can be concluded that anti-smoking campaigns should be conducted_______A. insidiously and discreetly.B. vividly and attractively.C. aggressively and drastically.D. disinterestedly and bravely.25. The author is most critical of________A. anti-smoking lobbyists.B. tobacco advertisers.C. world governments.D. tax collectors.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:It is the staff of dreams and nightmares. Where Tony Blair's attempts to make Britain love the Euro have fallen on deaf ears, its incarnation as notes and coins will succeed. These will be used not just in the Euro area but in Britain. As the British become accustomed to the Euro as a cash currency, they will warm to it paving the way for a yes note in a referendum.The idea of Euro creep appeals to both sides of the Euro argument. According to the pros, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membership will start to look inevitable, so those in favorare bound to win. According to the antis, as Britons become familiar with the Euro, membershipwill start to look inevitable, so those opposed must mobilize for the fight.Dream or nightmare, Euro creep envisages the single currency worming its way first into the British economy and then into the affections of voters. British tourists will come back from their European holidays laden with Euros, which they will spend not just at airports but in high street shops. So, too, will foreign visitors. As the Earn becomes a parallel currency, those who make up the current two-o-one majority will change their minds. From there, it will be a short step to decide to dispense with the pound.Nell Kinnock, a European commissioner and former leader of the Labor Party, predicts thatthe Euro will soon become Britain's second currency. Hans Eichel, the German finance minister, also says that it will become a parallel currency in countries like Switzerland and Britain. Peter Hain, the European minister who is acting as a cheerleader for membership, says the Euro will become "a practical day-to-day reality and that will enable people to make a sensible decisionabout it". As many as a third of Britain's biggest retailers, such as Marks and Spencer, have said they will take Euros in some of their shops. BP has also announced that it will accept Euros atsome of its garages.But there is less to this than meet the eye. British tourists can now withdraw money from cash point from European holiday destinations, so they are less likely than in the past to end upwith excess foreign money. Even if they do, they generally get rid of it at the end of their holidays, says David South well, a spokesman for the British Retail Consortium (BRC).26. According to the writer, once the British get used to the Euro,__A. there will be no obstacle for it to be a currency in Britain.B. it will take the place of pound in whatever aspects in Britain.C. the British will accept it as a cash currency gradually.D. it will become a symbol of reunification for European countries.27. The writer seems_________A. to be over-enthusiastic about the success of the Euro.B. to launch a vigorous campaign against the Euro creep.C. to hold a hostile attitude towards Euro expansions.D. to take a matter-of-face attitude towards the issue.28. The word "cheerleader" ( Paragraph 4) can best be replaced by ________A. "voter".B. "advocator".C. "critic".D. "prophet".29. What does the writer intends to illustrate with Marks and Spencer.9A. A kind of professional service.B. Objections to the Euro creep.C. A type of subjective brand loyalty.D. Expansions of the Euro in Britain.30. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Prospect of the Euro in Britain.B. A New Currency under Attack.C. The Popularity of the Euro in Britain.D. A Theme of Dreams and Nightmares. Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hairstyles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. The men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the years, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so-called top designers' in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over msh to obey. The doctrines of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out,, Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception,no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually blackmailed by the designers and the big stores, Clothes which have been worn onlya few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Woman who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering the dressesthey have. Hem lines are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn'tat some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day,or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.31. In the opening paragraph, the writer introduced his topic by________A. introducing an illusion.B. making a comparison.C. depicting a vivid scene.D. posing a sharp contrast.32. In the eyes of the author, the dictates of fashion probably means a sort of design characterized by ________A. obsolescence and sensibility.B. uniqueness and stability.C. creativity and hypocrisy.D. inconstancy and irrationality.33. The word "blackmailed" most probably means ________A. "taken advantage of"B. "given thought to".C. "taken into account".D. "born in mind".34. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.A. suitabilityB. comfortC. appearanceD. fabric35. It can be inferred from the passage that women should________A. see through the very nature of fashion myths.B. boycott the products of the fashion industry.C. avoid following fashion doctrines too closely.D. blame designers for their waste of money.Part III Vocabulary (10 % )Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlined word. And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36. The recovery and ________ of the country' s economy has also been accompanied by increasing demands for high quality industrial sites in 'attractive locations.A. renewalB. revivalC. recessionD. relief37. In fact tho purchasing power of a single person's pension in Hong Kong was only 70 per centof the value of the ______ Singapore pension.A. equivalentB. similarC. consistentD. identical38. It seems a reasonable rule of thumb that any genuine offer of help and support from people or organizations will be accompanied by a name and address, and a willingness to be ______ as to their motive in making contact.A. seen throughB. checked outC. touched onD. accounted to39. According to BBC boxing reporter Mike Costello ,just as there is worldwide _______ with boxing, so there is worldwide opposition.A. passionB. attractionC. emotionD. fascination40. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their _______ aspects.A. potentialB. socialC. essentialD. partial41. ________ any advice which you can get from the interviewer and follow up suggestions for improving your presentation and qualifications.A. Take the most ofB. Keep the most ofC. Have the most ofD. Make the most of42. There is a loss of self-confidence, a sense of personal failure, great anger and a feeling of being utterly_______A. let aloneB. let outC. let downD. let on43. Japan remains tied to the Western camp partly because the relationship has become __ to her economy and politics over forty years' association.A. integralB. unilateralC. rationalD. hierarchical44. With most online recruitment services, jobseekers must choose their words 'carefully;________ the search engine will never make the correct match.A. thereforeB. whereasC. providedD. otherwise45. The child should always ______ the same basic procedure: seeing the whole word-heating and pronouncing-writing from memory.A. go throughB. take overC. respond toD. carry off46. That MGM Grand Youth Center is open to children 3 - 12 years old _______ what hotel theyare staying in.A. regardless inB. regardless ofC. regardless onD. regardless from47. Ever since Geoffrey sent a sizeable cheque to a well-known charity he's been _______ with requests for money from all sides.A. devastatedB. smashedC. bombardedD. cracked48. Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, feel sure that I have no _________ but to report him to the local police.A. timeB. chanceC. authorityD. alternative49. Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to regret.A. teem withB. brim withC. come withD. look with50. They are always ready to heavy responsibilities.A. take inB. take onC. put onD. put in51. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a ________ future behind him.A. splendidB. conspicuousC. uproariousD. imminent52. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to keep indoors and go out only______necessity.A. within reach ofB. for fear ofC. by means ofD. in case of53. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiates54. _______ the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8 - 10 minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.A. Turn offB. Turn overC. Turn downD. Turn up55. Banks shall be unable to _______,or claim relief against the first 15% of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them.A. write offB. put asideC. shrink fromD. come overPart IV Cloze (10 % )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Every second, 56 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's one to two football fields.This 57 rate of destruction has serious consequences 58 the environment. Scientists estimate, for example, that 137 59 of plant, insect or animal become 60 every day due to logging. In British Columbia, 61 , since 1990,thirteen rainforest valleys have been clear cut, 142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the 62 of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, 63 , provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is 64 to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production 65 making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada 66 34% of the world's wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be 67 . Recently, a possible 68 way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fore which can be 69 paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries 70 it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world-wide trading 71 would not have been possible 72 hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be 73 for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four-times as 74 paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the 75 scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canada's forests.56. A. matching B. equivalent C. mounting D. reaching57. A. great B. wonderful C. imaginary D. alarming58. A. for B. on C. at D. to59. A. types B. categories C. species D. classes60. A. extinct B. distinct C. dead D. exhausted61. A. when B. who C. where D. which62. A. territory B. land C. habitat D. inhabitant63. A. however B. furthermore C. otherwise D. instead64. A. willing B. likely C. reluctant D. intended65. A. goes up B. goes towards C. goes into D. goes at66. A. supplies B. offers C. presents D. provides67. A. maintained B. sustained C. preserved D. held68. A. optional B. potential C. promising D. alternative69. A. made into B. made for C. made up D. made of70. A. since B. because C. as D. while71. A. link B. exchange C. network D. site72. A. except B. without C. with D. besides73. A. resumed B. renewed C. refreshed D. revived74. A. much B. many C. few D. more75. A. great B. large C. immense D. massivePart V Translation from English into ChineseDirections:Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.What, then, does Drucker suggest are the new knowledge-based industries on which economic growth will depend? He discusses three categories of such industries. The first of theseis the information industry. This industry collects, stores, spreads, and applies knowledge. It depends on the computer. In the future, however, the computer itself will probably become less important than communicating and applying knowledge. Dmcker foresees a central computer that will make information available to everyone. Another source of new industries is the science ofthe oceans. New technologies may help to supply food and minerals from the seas. A third new source of economic growth is the materials industry. This industry provides the materials for making objects. One such industry that has already become economically important is the plastic industry. Dmcker explains that throughout history our traditional materials have been metals, glass, natural fibers, and paper. Today, with the help of modem science, industries can make many new materials to meet specific needs. Because they will be created to fit a certain product, they will be highly efficient. Consequently, he points out, industries that supply traditional materials such as steel or glass Will have trouble competing with those that produce these new materials.Part VI Writing( 15 % )Directions:A. Study the following picture carefully and write an essay of about 200 words.B. Your essay should meet the requirements below:( 1 ) describe the picture and interpret its meaning.(2) point out the problem and give your comments.C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)参考答案与解析16．A 题干问：“在文章开头作者通过什么方式引入话题?”正确选项为A“揭示一种自然现象”。

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷105(总分：34.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：34.00)The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job. More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work. What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things. As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity to the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.（分数：10.00）(1).The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries______.（分数：2.00）A.is subject to groundless doubtsB.has fallen victim of biasC.is conventional downgradedD.has been overestimated(2).It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system______.（分数：2.00）A.challenges economists and politiciansB.takes efforts of generationsC.demands priority from the governmentD.requires sufficient labor force(3).A major difference between the Japanese and U.S. workforces is that______.（分数：2.00）A.the Japanese workforce is better disciplinedB.the Japanese workforce is more productiveC.the U.S. workforce has a better educationD.the U.S. workforce is more organized(4).The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged______.（分数：2.00）A.when people had enough timeB.prior to better ways of finding foodC.when people on longer went hungD.as a result of pressure on government(5).According to the last paragraph, development of education______.（分数：2.00）A.results directly from competitive environmentsB.does not depend on economic performanceC.follows improved productivityD.cannot afford political changesIf ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped with the educated themselves riding on them. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs. The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious." The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.（分数：8.00）(1).It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if______.（分数：2.00）A.its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB.it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC.its goals are spiritual rather than materialD.it is shared by the rich and the famous(2).The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is______.（分数：2.00）A.customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB.too late to check ambition once it has been let outC.dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD.impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition(3).Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because______.（分数：2.00）A.they think of it as immoralB.their pursuits are not fame or wealthC.ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD.they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible(4).From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained______.（分数：2.00）A.secretly and vigorouslyB.openly and enthusiasticallyC.easily and momentarilyD.verbally and spirituallyIt's a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn , among other things, that you might — surprise — fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy "does not enable user to fly". While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. "We' re really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injuries," says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. "Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities, " says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate demand of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.（分数：8.00）(1).What were things like in 1980s when accidents happened?（分数：2.00）A.Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.B.Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.panies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.D.Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.(2).Manufacturers as mentioned in the passage tend to______.（分数：2.00）A.satisfy customers by writing long warnings on productsB.become honest in describing the inadequacies of their productsC.make the best use of labels to avoid legal liabilityD.feel obliged to view customers' safety as their first concern(3).The case of Schutt helmet demonstrated that______.（分数：2.00）A.some injury claims were no longer supported by lawB.helmets were not designed to prevent injuriesC.product labels would eventually be discardedD.some sports games might lose popularity with athletes(4).The author' s attitude towards the issue seems to be______.（分数：2.00）A.biasedB.indifferentC.puzzlingD.objectiveIn the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private internet. Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the PointCast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That's a prospect that horrifies Net purists. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, , and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.（分数：8.00）(1).We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business______.（分数：2.00）A.has been striving to expand its marketB.intended to follow a fanciful fashionC.tried but in vain to control the marketD.has been booming for one year or so(2).Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that______.（分数：2.00）A.the technology is popular with many Web usersB.businesses have faith in the reliability of online transactionsC.there is a radical change in strategyD.it is accessible limitedly to established partners(3).In the view of Net purists,______.（分数：2.00）A.there should be no marketing messages in online cultureB.money making should be given priority to on the WebC.the Web should be able to function as the television setD.there should be no online commercial information without requests(4).We learn from the last paragraph that______.（分数：2.00）A.pushing information on the Web is essential to Internet commerceB.interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customersC.leading companies began to take the online plunge decades agoD.setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power。