广西科技大学高频复习考试资料

广西工学院2004—2005学年第二学期课程考核试题考核课程 机 械 原 理 （ A 卷）考核班级 机自、车辆03级 学生数 印数 考核方式 闭卷. 考核时间 120 分钟一、填空题（每空1分，共15分）1、两个构件直接接触而组成的可动联接称为 。

2、使不平衡的转子达到静平衡，至少需要在 个平衡面上进行平衡配重；如要达到动平衡，则至少需要 个平衡面。

3、在机械运转的启动阶段，总驱动功 总阻力功；在停车阶段，总驱动功 总阻力功。

4、平行四边形机构有 个曲柄。

5、一个曲柄摇杆机构，极位夹角等于36º，则行程速比系数等于 。

6、为减小凸轮机构的压力角，应该 凸轮的基圆半径。

7、凸轮推杆按等加速等减速规律运动时，在运动阶段的前半程作 运动，后半程作运动。

8、增大模数，齿轮传动的重合度 ；增多齿数，齿轮传动的重合度 。

9、平行轴齿轮传动中，外啮合的两齿轮转向相 ，内啮合的两齿轮转向相 。

10、轮系运转时，如果各齿轮轴线的位置相对于机架都不改变，这种轮系是 轮系。

二、简答题（每小题4分，共16分）1、右图所示的铰链四杆机构中，已知l AB ＝80mm ，l BC =270mm ，l CD =200mm ，l AD =200mm 。

问此机构是什么机构？说明理由。

2、造成转子不平衡的原因是什么？3、解释什么是等效构件？4、满足什么条件的齿轮称为标准齿轮？第二题（1）三、计算图示机构的自由度，要求指出可能存在的复合铰链、局部自由度和虚约束。

（8分）四、已知一个对心曲柄滑块机构（如图所示）。

曲柄AB 以600r/min 的速度逆时针转动；构件尺寸为l AB =10mm ，l BC =30mm 。

试用矢量方程图解法求出当曲柄转角f=45º时，连杆BC 中点D 的速度V D 。

（10分）五、某电动机驱动的机械系统，已知电动机的转速为1500r/min ，折算到电动机轴上的等效阻力矩Mer ＝M （f ）,如图所示。

一、单项选择题∙1、机检的效果与检索人员的素质有着密切的关系。

人员的素质主要包括( )。

∙ A 对检索策略的掌握程度 B 对数据库的掌握程度 C 对检索语言的掌握程度 D A、B、C三项∙2、文献数据库中字段的基本内容是( )。

∙ A 对记录属性的描述 B 对记录某一方面具体属性的描述 C 对数据库属性的描述 D 对文档属性的描述∙3、如果检索结果过少，查全率很低，需要调整检索范围，此时调整检索策略的方法有( )等。

∙ A 用逻辑“与”或者逻辑“非”增加限制概念 B 用逻辑“或”或截词增加同族 C 用字段算符或年份增加辅助限制 D 用“在结果中检索”增加限制条件∙4、ISBN是哪种文献特有的标识？∙ A 图书 B 期刊 C 科技报告 D 专利文献∙5、在《中图法》的22个大类中，"G”类表示：∙ A 政治法律 B 经济 C 历史地理 D 文化、科学、教育、体育∙6、布尔逻辑（）是用来组配不同的检索词限定关系的。

∙ A 与 B 或 C 非 D∙7、手稿、私人笔记等属于( )文献，辞典、手册等属于( )文献。

∙ A 一次，三次 B 零次，二次 C 零次，三次 D 一次，二次∙8、关于信息，下列说法正确的是∙ A 信息具有共享性 B 信息不具实效性 C 信息并非客观存在的 D 信息的产生源于意识∙9、检索效果的衡量指标是∙ A 查准率和简易度 B 查全率和查错率 C 查全率和查准率 D 查全率、查对率∙10、在《中图法》的22个大类中，"P”类表示：( )∙ A 生物科学 B 医药、卫生 C 农业科学 D 天文学、地球科学∙11、元搜索引擎也称为（）∙ A 集合型搜索引擎 B 独立型搜索引擎 C 混合型搜索引擎 D 直线型搜索引擎∙12、哪种图书不属于工具类图书（）∙ A 科技专著 B 字典 C 手册 D 年鉴∙13、较适用于图书资料的存储、排架的语言是( )∙ A 主题语言 B 标题语言 C 分类语言 D 代码语言∙14、以文献为根据，通过个别解答的方式有针对性地向读者提供具体的文献、文献知识或文献检索途径的一项工作是( )∙ A 馆外借阅服务 B 参考咨询服务 C 馆内阅览服务 D 文献外借服务∙15、图书馆OPAC系统中，有个性化的服务功能是( )∙ A 书目分类 B 书目普通查询 C 书目高级查询 D 读者空间二、多项项选择题∙1、分类语言的特点可以表述为( )。

广西科技大学 2023 年硕士研究生招生考试初试专业课试卷考试科目代码：817 考试科目名称：数据结构与程序设计（学）考试时间：180分钟（本试题共 8 页）一、判断题（每小题2分，共20分）1. C语言编译系统在判断一个量是否为“真”时，以0代表“假”，以非0代表“真”。

2. 在选择结构中，else总是与它前面最近的那个if相配套的。

3. 在switch语句中可以没有default语句。

4. 在循环结构中使用break语句或者continue语句，其作用是相同的。

5. for循环语句只能用于循环次数已知的情况。

6. 若某线性表最常用的操作是存取任一指定序号的元素和在最后进行插入和删除运算，则利用顺序表存储最节省时间。

7.若一个栈的输入序列为{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}，则不可能得到{3, 4, 1, 2, 5}这样的出栈序列。

8. 若一搜索树（查找树）是一个有n个结点的完全二叉树，则该树的最小值一定在叶结点上.9. 某二叉树的前序和中序遍历序列正好一样，则该二叉树中的任何结点一定都无左孩子。

10. 图的广度优先遍历相当于二叉树的后序遍历。

二、选择题（每小题2分，共40分）1. 下列不属于C语言数据类型的是：A. intB. floatC. stringD. char2. 下面程序段的输出为：int a = 3, b = 5;if(a = b)printf("%d=%d", a, b);elseprintf("%d!=%d", a, b);A. 5=5B. 3=3C. 5!=3D. 3!=53.下面叙述正确的是:A. 2/3 与2.0/3.0 等价B. (int)2.0/3 与2/3 等价C. ++5 与6 等价D. 'A'与"A"等价4.在C语言中,函数返回值的类型最终取决于：A. 函数定义时在函数首部所说明的函数类型B. return语句中表达式值的类型C. 调用函数时主调函数所传递的实参类型D. 函数定义时形参的类型5.若函数调用时的实参为变量,下列关于函数形参和实参的叙述中正确的是：A. 函数的实参和其对应的形参共占同一存储单元B. 形参只是形式上的存在, 不占用具体存储单元C. 同名的实参和形参占同一存储单元D. 函数的形参和实参分别占用不同的存储单元6. 设int x=3, y=2，则表达式x / y的值是:A. 1.500000B. 1C. 1.5D. 以上都不对7. 以下程序的输出结果是：#include<stdio.h>int main()int x = 10;switch (x){case 30: printf("A");break;case 10: printf("B");case 20: printf("C");break;case 40: printf("D");}printf("E");}A. ABCDEB. ABCEC. BCDED. BCE8. C语言中有三种循环语句，为了方便循环流程的控制，经常会使用break语句，关于break语句的描述，正确的是:A. break语句可以出现在循环控制语句之外的任何地方B. 执行break语句的结果是本次循环必须执行完毕C. 执行到break，则直接跳出该循环体，继续执行循环体后面的语句D. break语句是终止本次循环的执行，然后测试循环条件，准备进行下一次循环过程9.以下能对二维数组a进行正确初始化的语句是:A. int a[2][ ] = {{1,0,1},{5, 3}};B. int a[ ][3] = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}};C. int a[2][4] = {1,2,3,},{4,5},{6}};D. int a[ ][3] = {{1,0,1},{},{1,1}};10.定义下列结构体数组：struct stu{ char name[10]；int age；}a[5] = {"ZHAO",14, "WANG",15, "LIU",16, "ZHANG",17}；执行语句printf("%d, %s",a[2].age, a[1].name)的输出结果为:A. 15, ZHAOB. 16, WANGC. 17, LIUD. 17, ZHAO11.先序遍历图示二叉树的结果为:A. A，B，C，D，H，E，I，F，GB. A，B，D，H，I，E，C，F，GC. H，D，I，B，E，A，F，C，GD. H，I，D，B，E，F，G，A，C12.带头结点的单链表h为空的判定条件是:A. h == NULL;B. h->next == NULL;C. h->next == h;D. h != NULL;13.设一个堆栈的入栈顺序是1、2、3、4、5。

广西科技大学 2024 年硕士学位研究生入学考试初试专业课试题考试科目代码：211 考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试时间：180分钟（本试题共 11 页）Part I Vocabulary and Grammar （1*20=20 POINTS）Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. After seven years, a missing World War Ⅱ soldier for _____ his desperate relatives were waiting has finally come back.[A] when [B] who[C] whom [D] that2. People often discover their affinity to each other by the love _____ for a book.[A] they has each [B] they have each[C] they each has [D] they each have3. If the athlete _____ to retire at his most glorious moment ten years ago, he could have received more compensation to comfort the family.[A] has chosen [B] had chosen[C] chose [D] were to chose4. “I hope you could listen to your mother; she is the one wh o will always behind you.” The past tense used in the sentence refers to _____.[A] a past event for exact time reference [B] a present event for suggestions[C] a present event for uncertainty [D] a past event for politeness5. “If you have questions about your health, doctors from nearby clinics will help you.” The word “will” expresses _____.[A] prediction [B] obligation[C] permission [D] willingness6. Although the evidence provided by the police is conclusive, the little boy declared himself _____ innocent.[A] as [B] to[C] be [D] to be7. Not until her ailing girl fell asleep _____ the ward.[A] the tired mother leaves [B] the tired mother left[C] had the tired mother left [D] did the tired mother leave8. There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, _____ they can limit how much water you drink.[A] much harder than [B] as much as[C] any more than [D] no more than9. Such writings are good for nothing _____ the naive, among whom they spread bad influences and foster bad habits.[A] except bluffed [B] except to bluff[C] but to bluffed [D] but bluff10. On September _____ tenth all _____ faculty members of _____ English Department will celebrate _____ Teachers’ Day.[A] the;/;/;the [B] the; the;/;/[C] the; the; the;/ [D] /;the;the;the11. It seems that some computer users have trouble using a touch pad, so if the manufacturers want to be successful, they must design the software in _____ with them as well as with mouse users.[A] pity [B] compassion[C] mercy [D] sympathy12. The laws of Master Sun’s Art of War are meaningless sentences until we know how to _____ them.[A] adopt [B] apply[C] adapt [D] obtain13. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, _____ schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 6.[A] compulsory [B] forced[C] obliged [D] compelling14. Rescue efforts _____ for fear of another dam breach.[A] assume [B] resume[C] prompt [D] result15. The old carpenter can be angry for no reason at times; my sympathy is for his _____ apprentice.[A] long-suffered [B] long-suffering[C] suffering-long [D] suffered-long16. Believers are _____ under the belief that there are immortal spirits protecting them.[A] firm [B] certain[C] firmly [D] implicitly17. Night follows day as a _____ of natural laws.[A] substitution [B] requirement[C] supplement [D] necessity18. Operations which left patients_____ and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.[A] fearful [B] unhealthy[C] upset [D] exhausted19. The_____ of the whole operation has been jeopardized by one careless resident doctor who left a pi ece of gauze in the patient’s body.[A] safety [B] security[C] insecurity [D] protection20. The need for water and soil conservation was recognized during the latter part of the last century, and has been _____ developed in the American continent.[A] excessively [B] exceedingly[C] extensively [D] exclusivelyPart II Cloze (1*10=10 POINTS)Directions: There is one passage in this part. The passage has 10 blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and write it down on the Answer Sheet.The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is (21) _____ to say it anyway. He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not (22) _____ thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.(23) _____ he, however, might tremble at the thought of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only (24) _____ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in question are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, (25) _____ 12~15 points above the mean value of 100, and have contributed disproportionately to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the (26) _____ of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, affirm. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, (27) _____, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been put down to social effects, such as a strong tradition of valuing education. The latter was seen as a (an) (28) _____ of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately (29) _____. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this (30) _____ state of affairs.21. [A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased22. [A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately23. [A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence24. [A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects25. [A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating26. [A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers27. [A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile28. [A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument29. [A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined30. [A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuousPart III Reading Comprehension （2*10+4*5=40 POINTS）Section ADirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and write it down on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1This year makes exactly two centuries since the publication of Frankenstein; or The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Shelley. Even before the invention of the electric light bulb, the author produced a remarkable work of speculative fiction that would foreshadow many ethical questions to be raised by technologies yet to come.Today the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (Al) rises fundamental question, “What is intelligence, identity, or consciousness? What makes humans humans?”What is being called artificial general intelligence, machines that would imitate the way humans think, continues to evade scientists. Yet humans remain fascinated by the idea of robots that would look, move, and respond like humans, similar to those recently depicted on popular sci-fi TV series such as “West world” and “Humans”.Just how people think is still far too complex to be understood, let alone reproduced, says David Eagleman, a Stanford University neuroscientist. “We are just in a situation where thereare no good theories explaining what consciousness actually is and how you could ever build a machine to get there.”But that doesn’t mean crucial ethical issues involving AI aren’t at hand. The coming use of autonomous vehicles, for example, poses thorny ethical questions. Human drivers sometimes must make split-second decisions. Their reactions may be a complex combination of instant reflexes, input from past driving experiences, and what their eyes and cars tell them in that moment. AI “vision” today is not nearly as sophisticated as that of humans. And to anticipate every imaginable driving situation is a difficult programming problem.Whenever decision are based on masses of data, “you quickly get into a lot of ethical questions,” notes Tam Kiat How, chief executive of a Singapore-based agency that is helping the government develop a voluntary code for the ethical use of AL Along with Singapore, other governments and mega-corporations are beginning to establish their own guidelines. Britain is setting up a data ethics center. India released its AI ethics strategy this spring.On June 7th Google pledged not to “design or deploy Al”that would cause “overall harm,”or to develop AI-directed weapons or use AI for surveillance that would violate international norms. It also pledged not to deploy AI whose use would violate international laws or human rights.While the statement is vague, it represents one starting point. So does the idea that decision made by AI systems should be explainable, transparent, and fair. To put it another way: How can we make sure that the thinking of intelligent machines reflects humanity’s highest values? Only then will they be useful servants and not Frankenstein’s out-of-control monster.31. Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein is mentioned because it __________.[A] the spy phone software requires no special skills or knowledge[B] has remained popular for as long as 200 years[C] involves some concerns raised by AI today[D] has parked serious ethical controversies32. In David Eagleman’s opinion, our current knowledge of consciousness __________.[A] helps explain artificial intelligence[B] can be misleading to robot making[C] inspires popular sci-fi TV series[D] is too limited for us to reproduce it33. The solution to the ethical issues brought by autonomous vehicles __________.[A] can hardly ever be found[B] is still beyond our capacity[C] causes little public concern[D] has aroused much curiosity34. The author’s attitude toward Google’s pledges is one of __________.[A] affirmation[B] skepticism[C] contempt[D] respect35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] AI’s Future: In the Hands of Tech Giants[B] Frankenstein, the Novel Predicting the Age of AI[C] The Conscience of AI: Complex But Inevitable[D] AI Shall Be Killers Once Out of ControlPassage 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the stale argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Califor nia’s advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provideupdated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding California s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone—a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to, say, going through a suspec t’s purse. The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocket-book of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, finan cial history, medical history and comprehensive records of rec ent correspondence. The development of “c loud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much easier.Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and prot ected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. In many cases, it would not be overly burdensome for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone con-tents. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, such as the threat of immediate harm, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while waiting for a warrant. The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.But the justices should not swallow Californ ia’s argument whole. New disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 2l st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.36. The Super Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to _________.[A] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant[B] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones37. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of _________.[A] disapproval[B] indifference[C] tolerance[D] cautiousness38. The author believes t hat exploring one’s phone contents in comparable to_________.[A] getting into one’s residence[B] handing one’s historical records[C] scanning one’s correspondences[D] going through one’s wallet39. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that_________.[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed[B] the court is giving police less room for action[C] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected[D] phones are used to store sensitive information40. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that_________.[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution[C] California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution[D] principles of the Constitution should never be alteredSection BDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.When given the choice to learn how their actions will affect someone else, 40% of people will choose ignorance, often in order to have an excuse to act selfishly, according to research published by the American Psychological Association.(41) “Examples of such willful ignorance abound in everyday life, such as when consumers ignore information about the problematic origins of the products they buy. We wanted to know just how prevalent and how harmful willful ignorance is, as well as why people engage in it.” said lead author Linh Vu, MS, a doctoral candidate at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands.The research was published in the journal Psychological Bulletin.Vu and her colleagues conducted a meta-analysis of 22 research studies with a total of 6,531 participants. The studies were all conducted in research labs or online, and most followed a protocol in which some participants were told the consequences of their actions, while others could choose whether to learn the consequences or not.(42) In one example, participants had to decide between receiving a smaller reward ($5) or a larger reward ($6). If they chose $5, then an anonymous peer (or charity) would also receive $5. If they chose the larger $6 reward, however, the other recipient would receive only $1. One set of participants were offered the option to learn the consequences of their choice, while another group was automatically told the consequences.Across the studies, the researchers found that when given an option, 40% of people chose not to learn the consequences of their actions. (43) That willful ignorance was correlated with less altruism（利他主义）: People were 15.6 percentage points more likely to be generous to someone else when they were told the consequences of their choice compared with when they were allowed to remain ignorant.The researchers hypothesized that one reason for willful ignorance might be that some people behave altruistically because they want to maintain a positive self-image of being an altruistic person. In those cases, willful ignorance can allow them to maintain that self-image without having to act in an altruistic way.The meta-analysis backed that up, according to study co-author Shaul Shalvi, PhD, a professor of behavioral ethics at the University of Amsterdam. (44) That’s because people who chose to learn the consequences of their action were 7 percentage points more likely to be generous compared with participants who were given information by default. That suggests that truly altruistic people choose to learn the consequences of their actions.“The findings are fascinating as they suggest a lot of the altruistic behaviors we observe are driven by a desire to beh ave as others expect us to,” Shalvi said. “While most people are willing to do the right thing when they are fully informed of the consequences of their actions, this willingness is not always because people care for others. (45) A part of the reasons why people act altruistically is due to societal pressures as well as their desire to view themselves in a good light. Since being righteous is often costly, demanding people to give up their time, money and effort, ignorance offers an easy way out.”All of the studies included in this meta-analysis took place in labs in the United States or Western Europe, or on online platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk. Future research should aim to examine willful ignorance in more diverse settings, according to the researchers, and to investigate ways to combat this behavior.Part IV Writing （30 POINTS）Directions:Write a composition on the topic “My Generation’s Views on Work” in about 400 words.You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state clearly what your view is.In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.11。