高中英语素材倒装知识点总结

高中英语素材倒装知识点总结

倒装

英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语在后。 S+P+其他成分。（S=主语，P=谓语）

完全倒装： 其他成分 +P+S

部分倒装：其他成分 +be/do/does/can/have/has/had+S+动词

其他成分 +be/have/has/had /can +S+ 动词

其他成分+do/does/did +S+动词原形

（一）完全倒装

1. 表地点、时间或方位的副词位于句首

1） 表地点／时间的副词 +谓语（非进行时 ）+主语（不能是代词主语）

地点畐U词有： here， there， in/inside， on， out/outside, opposite等。

时间副词有： then， now， soon， next， first， finally 等。

谓语往往是 be 或不及物动词 begin， come， go， lie， lay， seem， remain ， stand

等。

Here are my replies to your questions．

Here comes the bus．

There goes the bell．

There remained only ten dollars in his pocket．

Opposite stood an ancient oak tree．

Then came the time to part ．

Next is the news．

2） ：表方位的与介词同形的畐词 +谓语（非进行时 ）+主语（不能是代词主语）

这类畐词有： in， out， up， down， away， off， ahead， back 等。

谓语往往是不及物动词 come， go， fly， jump， rush， walk 等。

In comes Mr. Smith ．

Out went the children ．

Down flew the eagle to seize the chicken．

Away ran the terrified boy ．

说明：⑴表地点、时间或方位的副词位于句首时不用于进行时态。

⑵ 表地点、时间或方位的畐词位于句首，代词作主语，主谓语序不变。例

如：

In he came． Up they climbed almost out of breath ．Here it is ．

There you are ．

Here the bus is coming.

2．表地点或时间的介词短语作状语位于句首

表地点或时间的介词短语 +不及物动词 /及物动词的被动语态 +主语 （通常不是代词 ）

Beyond the bushes lay the fields．

At the top of the hill stands the old church ．

After the banquet came a firework display in the garden ．

说明：① 谓语是及物动词或由“ be+表语”构成时不用倒装形式：

At the top of the tower she could seethe whole city．

In the morning students are usually very busy ．

② 谓语是及物动词的被动语态可用倒装形式：

In this chapter will be found a satisfactory answer ．

To the list may be added the following names.

3．某些表语位于句首

表语（介词短语/形容词/过去分词/进行时态中的现在分词 ）十be/link.v+主语

1） 表语为表位置或地方的介词短语

Among the goods are Christmas trees，candles and toys．

Near the church was an old ruined cottage ．

2） 表语为形容词短语，尤其用于与先前提到的进行比较

Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.

Higher up are the temples built in ancient China ．

First to arrive were their two cousins．

Many of the buildings are truly wonderful ． Best of all is the Grand Theatre ．

3） 表语为过去分词 Here it is ．

Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people．

Seated on the ground are a group of young people．

4） 表语为进行时态中的现在分词

Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen．

Standing beside the table was an interpreter．

4．用于 so， nor， neither 开头的句子 前句是肯定句，重复前句内容用 so

He is a student.

So am I.

So is she.

So is Tom.

So are they.

So am I a student.

He likes English.

So does she.

So does Tom.

So do I.

So do they.

So does she like English.

He went to Beijing many years ago.

So did I.

So did she.

So did I go to Beijing many years ago.

He has been to Beijing.

So have I.

So has she.

So has she been to Beijing.

He can speak French.

So can I.

So can she.

So can I speak English.

如果将上面蓝色句子改成否定句的话，就应该将红色句子中的 so 改成 neither 或 nor He is a student and

he likes English.

So it is with me

He is a student, but he doesn't like English.

So it is with her.

He is the tallest boy student in his class. So he is.

I asked him to buy me a newspaper. He did so.

5.当"so+形容词”或"such”为表语时，用完全倒装语序。

So +adj+ be +S+that +S+P

Such+ be+S +that +S+P

So great was the destruction that it took them several years to recover．

Such was the force of the explosion that alI the windows were broken ．

（二）部分倒装 1．用于三个表示强调的句型中

1）含义为“…-就…，刚…就…”，指某事发生得过早

Hardly ／barely／scarcely had he arrived at the station when/before the train began to leave．

He had hardly ／ barely ／scarcely/not/just arrived at the station when/before the train began to

leave．

No sooner had she gone outthan the teleph one rang．

She had no sooner/just as soongoneout than the telephone rang.

2）含义为“不但…而且…”。

Not only/Not merely + 倒装句式 +but（also）+陈述句语序 Not only I but also he likes English.

Not only he but also I like English.

3）含义为“直到…才…”。

Not until +句子 （陈述句语序 ）／时间状语 +倒装句式 Not only is he a first class

ballplayer， Not only is he a first

class ballplayer， Not only is he a

first class ballplayer， Not only is he

a first class ballplayer， Not only is

he a first class ballplayer， Not only

is he a first class ballplayer， Not

only is he a first class ballplayer， but also he is good at

chess． but he is good at

chess． he is also good at

chess．

but he is good at chesstoo．

he is good at chesstoo． but he

is good at chessas well． he is

Not only A but also B 做主语的主谓 but I was her best friend ．

致问题。