therebe句型的用法
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There be句型的用法
一、构成:There be ...句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如:
1)T h e r e a r e f i f t y-t w o s t u d e n t s i n o u r c l a s s.
2) There is a pencil in my pencil-case.
3) There was an old house by the river five years ago.
二、各种句式:
否定句:在be后加上“not”,也可用“no”来表示。即:no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。例如:
1) There is an orange in her bag.
→There isn’t an orange in her bag.
→There is no orange in her bag.
2) There are some oranges in her bag.
→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.
→There are no oranges in her bag.
3) There is some juice in the bottle.
→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.
→There is no juice in the bottle.
一般疑问句:There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。例如:
4) There is some money in her handbag.
→Is there any money in her handbag (疑问句和否定句中,some改为any, something改为anything.)
5) There is something new in today’s newspaper.
→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper
特殊疑问句:There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式
①对主语提问:当主语是人时,用“Who’s + 介词短语”;当主语是物时,用“What’s + 介词短语”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
6) There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree
7) There are some bikes over there.
→What’s over there
8) There is a little girl in the room.
→Who is in the room
②对地点状语提问:用“Where is \ are + 主语”表示(注意其答语变化):例如:
9) There is a computer in my office.
→Where is the computer ----It’s in my office.
10) There are four children in the classroom.
→Where are the four
children
--They’ re in the classroom.
③对数量提问:一般有两种提问方式:
如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“How many +可数名词复数+ are there + 介词短语”表示:
11) There are twelve months in a year.
→How many months are there in a year
12) There is only one book in my bag.
→How many books are there in your bag
13) There is a cat in the box.
→How many cats are there in the box
如果主语是不可数名词,则用“How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语”表示:
14) There is some money in my purse.
→How much money is there in your purse
反意疑问句:There be或There加其它动词,其反意疑问句一律用…there 例如:
15)There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there
16)There used to be no school here, used there \did there
三、用法:
1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
1)There is a basketball in the box.
2)There is a little milk in the glass.
3)There are many birds in the tree.
4)There were many people in the street yesterday.
如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的“就近原则”。例如:
5) There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
6) There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
2. There与be中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语(如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时have\has + pp. ) 例如:
1) There must be a pen in the box.
2) Is there going to be a dancing party tonight
3) There is not going to be a meeting tonight.
4) There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.
3. 英语中有些动词或短语具有一定的情态含义,我们称之为半助动词。There be句型中的谓语动词be可与这些半助动词连用,表达更为复杂的意念。能用于There be句型中的这类词语主要有:happen to(碰巧),appear /seem to(似乎),used to(曾经),have to(必须),be likely to(很可能),be bound to(必定)等。例如:
1)There happened to be an
old friend of mine in the club
在那个俱乐部碰巧有我的一个老朋友。
2)There appear to be several reasons for changing our
plans.
看来改变我们的计划有几个理由。