自考英语(一)串讲笔记15-16
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湖南大学自考网 /
自考英语（一）串讲笔记（unit15）
Text A How TV Violence Affects Kids
搭配：
1. Exposure to 暴露于；接触到e.g. exposure to violence 接触到暴力
2. Have effects on sb./sth. 对某人/某事有影响；affect 为动词；effect 为名词
3. Point out 指出
4. Distinguish sth./sb. from sth./sb. 区别某事或某人
5. Tend to do sth. 倾向去做某事
6. Make better sense of sth./sb. 更好的理解某人或某事
7. Apply sth. to sth. 把什么应用在什么上
8. Make sb. guilty 让某人很内疚
9. As an alternative to sth./doing sth. 作为什么的替换
语言点：
1. Between 1982 and 1986， the amount of television time allocated（过去分词作后置定语） each week to（把什么分配给某人，尤指时间） violent programs increased significantly.
2. Given（考虑到） the amount of time that children watch television， it has become one
of the most powerful models they want to follow.
3. Recover 恢复（v.）； recovery 恢复
4. Realistic 现实的（adj.）； unrealistic 不现实的（adj.）
5. Children naturally often want the toys shown（过去分词shown做toys的宾语补足语，表是被上演） on and advertised during these programs.
6. Imitate 模仿（v.）； imitative （adj.）
7. Imagine 想象（v.）； imaginative （adj.）
8. Children simply imitate the behavior observed during the program， thus undermining
（现在分词做结果状语， 表示破坏）both the imaginative and the expressive functions of play.
9. Appear to be +形容词；e.g. appear to be crazy 好像疯了一样
10. It would be a good idea to control his viewing.（动名词观看电视作宾语）
11. Controlling viewing（动名词作主语） is easier to do during the preschool years than
during the school years， so you should initiate a pattern of restricted television watching
now.
12. Help your child to interpret what she sees-to think of explanations for the events
depicted（过分作后置定语，表示被描述的）and to imagine how the show is put together. 湖南大学自考网 /
13. Violent 暴力的；nonviolent 非暴力的
湖南省自考网：/整理
Text B Why Don‘t Girls Think Like Boys？
搭配：
1. Be better at sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事
2. According to 根据
3. On the average 平均地
4. Show ability in sth./doing sth. 有做某事的能力
5. Be determined by sb./sth. 有什么（人）决定
6. Have an advantage 有什么优势
7. Keep close to sb. 与某人亲密
8. Insist upon doing sth. 坚持做某事
语言点：
1. 时态题：In recent studies， young babies have been observed and tested to discover
how different abilities are developed.
2. Thinking ability 思维能力
3. The baby，while seated（不能用seating） on its mother„s lap， watches a “show” on a
small theater stage.
4. Girls immediately become excited（用ed是因为这是人内心的情感，如果给别人造成某种影响应该用ing的形式） and begin to make noises that sound like language.
5. Seem后面只能用to do 的形式
6. But what have the boys been doing（现在完成进行时，表示动作持续） in the years before
starting school？
7. It has long been assumed that +从句（长期以来，人们认为）
8. Require doing sth. 要求做某事
湖南省自考网：/整理
自考英语（一）串讲笔记（unit16）
Text A Heart Disease：Treat or Prevent？ 湖南大学自考网 /
搭配：
1. pend 时间/金钱/经历on sth./doing sth. 花时间、金钱、经历做某事
2. Emphasis on sth. 强调什么（名词词组）
3. Associate sb./sth. with sb./sth. 把什么与什么联系在一起
4. Take place 发生
5. Enable sb. to do sth.
6. Benefit from 受益于
7. Advantage 优势（n.）； disadvantage 劣势（n.）
8. Be encouraged to do sth. 被鼓励去做某事
9. Pay attention to sb./sth./doing sth. 注意
10. As a result of sth. 作为什么的结果
11. Tend to do sth. 倾向去做某事
12. Rely on sb./sth. 依赖某人/某事
13. Take responsibility for sth./sb. 对某人或某事负责
14. Succeed in doing sth. 成功作某事
15. Be aware of 意识到
湖南省自考网：/整理
语言点：
1. he death rate from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past
thirty years.
2. Die of 死于疾病；die from 死于外因
3. 时态题：Many operations that were considered impossible a few years ago are now
performed every day in U.S. hospitals.
4. 时态题：In the recent past， medical researchers have begun to emphasize the fact that
heart disease is associated with（与什么相联系） stress， smoking and a lack of（缺少） exercise.
5. Many are paying more attention to reducing stress in their lives.
6. The number of smokers in the United States is now far（副词用来强调） below the level
of twenty years ago as many people succeed in breaking the habit and as fewer people take
it up.
7. Benefit 受益（n.或v.）； beneficial 受益的（adj.）
8. Increase 增加；decrease 减少
Text B Dieting Your Way to Health 湖南大学自考网 /
搭配：
1. Go on 继续
2. Regardless of 不管；无论
3. Have sth. in common 在哪方面有相似之处
4. Lose weight 减肥
5. Do harm to sb./sth.； be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人或某事不利
6. Sth. is supplied to sb. 把某物供应给某人
7. Lose interest in sth. 对什么丧失兴趣
8. Resistance to sth. 对什么的抵制
9. As a result 结果是
10. Suffer from 承受
11. Take the place of 替代
12. Lead to（介词） 导致
13. Result in 导致
14. Lead a happy life 过一个幸福的生活
15. Provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供什么
16. Keep sb./sth. from sth. 事某人或某事免受
17. Take substitutes for sb./sth. 替代
