自考英语二串讲珍藏版

自考00015英语（二）串讲资料（3）第七题：英译汉主要特点：综合考查词汇和语法，注意定语从句、状语从句、比较级、倒装句的理解。

阅卷要求：根据总体印象打分，分为15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五个档次。

只要译文大体准确通顺即可得分，不要求译得非常漂亮。

结语知己知彼，百战不殆！II.重点语法复习动词时态和语态非谓语动词虚拟语气定语从句和名词性从句1.动词主要时态和语态表一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时主动：do did will do被动：are done were done will be done现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时主动：are doing were doing will be doing被动：are being done were being done现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时主动：have done had done will have done被动：have been done had been done现在完成进行时主动：have been doing动词主要时态的意义及运用现在完成时，过去完成时和将来完成时英语提示语：up to now，so far，for three years，since 1995，over past ten years，by the end of this week，by the year of 1995汉语提示语：已经，早已，了e.g.We haven‘t met each other since last year.By the end of this week，we‘ll have finished the task.现在完成进行时从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。

汉语提示语：一直e.g.The water has been running the whole night. 过去完成时said，reported，thought。

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

2、常考句型1、决策是在现有的可选做法中所做的选择。

P1Adecisionisachoicemadefromamongalternat ivecoursesofactionthatareavailable.2、管理者经常必须对未来的情况下做出最佳的猜测，尽量不存侥幸。

P2Oftenmanagersmustmakeabestguessatwhatt hefuturewillbeandtrytoleaveaslittleaspossibletochance.3、如果没有选择，就无决策可言。

P3Ifthereisnochoice,thereisnodecisiontobemade.4、对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等待因素的制约。

P3Formanagers,everydecisionhasconstraintsb asedonpolicies,procedures,laws,precedents,andthelike.5、例如，管理者有时以非此即彼的方式来处理问题。

P4Forexample,managerssometimestreatproble msinaneither/orfashion.6、决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中的哪一个是最好的---哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。

P6Decisionmakersmusthavesomewayofdeterm iningwhichofseveralalternativesisbest—that is,whichcontributesthemosttotheachievemen toforganizationalgoals.7、就更大的系统来说，增加研究经费以便改进产品，对该组织更有益。

P6Inthelargerschemeofthings,however,increas edfundingforresearchtoimprovetheproducts mightbemorebeneficialtotheorganization.8、有些目标比另一些目标更重要，但其排序和重要性则因人和部门而异。

自考英语（二）串讲资料（5）109. You had better ________ （bring）enough money with you.110. If I hadn‘t listened to you，I would _______ （make）such a silly mistake.111. The three players repeatedly denied ________ （take）any drug.112. People who are entitled to ________ （vote）should be over eighteen.113. If she ______（catch）the 10 O‘clock train，she can get there by lunch time.2. 从句――――定语从句，名词从句和状语从句1.It was there，the police believe，_____ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A. untilB. whichC. thatD. when2.It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A. whetherB. ifC. thatD. how3.Such attitudes amount to a belief _____ leisure can and should be put to good use.A. whichB. ifC. whetherD. that4. Many of us visited the industrial exhibition，，to our disappointment，we saw very few high-tech （高技术）products.A. whereB. whichC. asD. that5. On the other hand concern is also growing about the possibility of a new economic order _____ resource-rich nations of the Third World would combine to set high commodity prices.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. in that6.Studies have shown _____ teenagers often suffer from depression.A. thatB. which C .in which D. in that7. It is becoming increasingly clear to policy-makers schools cannot solve all the problems of the larger community.A. thatB. whatC. whenD. who9. There is no doubt _____ a large number of people have benefited from heart surgery.A. whatB. ofC. ifD. that10. Such people _____ you describe are nowadays.A. asB. thatC. whoD. which11. Was it in that school _____ he developed his interest in physics？A. whichB. from whichC. whereD. that12. Why do you blame him for his poor judgment on the matter _____ he really needs is encouragement？A. when thatB. since thatC. when whatD. now that13. _____，I couldn‘t get a job in this company.A. Try as I mightB. As I might tryC. Try though I mightD. I might try14. It is a well-known fact ____ a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. whether15. Very few people understood this contract，_____was very obscure.A. the languageB. the language of whichC. all it saidD. which it had said16. Management often works hard to set up a situation _____work is done in series.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what。

自考英语二重点串讲英语（二）重点内容：Unit 1常考句子：1、A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.决策是从那些可以得到可供选择的行动方针中进行抉择。

2、Although managers cannot predict the future, （but）many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events.虽然管理者们不能预见未来，但是他们的很多决策都要求他们考虑未来可能发生的事件。

Although he thought he was helping us with the job, he was only in the way.虽然他以为他在帮助我们干这件事，但他只是在碍我们的事。

3、Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as litt le as possible to chance.通常管理者必须对未来的情况做出最佳的预测，使偶然性尽可能少地发生“as+形容词（副词）+as possible”尽可能地……；尽量4、If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made.如果没有选择，也就无法做出决策5、 For managers every decision has constraints based on politics, procedures, laws, precede nts and the like.对于管理者来说，每一个决策都要受到基于政策、程序、法律、惯例等方面因素的制约。

自考综合英语二串讲自考英语交流QQ群：4132366656课时安排课程介绍（包括综二的考核要求，命题原则，考试题型举例及各种题型做题方法的技巧点拨）重点语法（结合考题讲解）高频形近词，近义词辨析词形转化难句释义课程介绍《综合英语二》这门课是课程考试，不是水平考试。

课程考试就是学什么就考什么。

严格按照教学大纲去命题。

大纲规定，统一考试的试题中教材内容要占60% 要把课文读懂学透在复习的过程中，课文，词汇，词汇学习，语法每部分都要复习到。

一. 考核目标词汇（1）《综合英语（二）》认知词汇5，500～6，000，熟练掌握其中2500左右最常用的搭配和短语，并正确使用它们。

（2）了解和掌握各种词性的变化规则，掌握英语的基本构词规则，并在阅读时能根据所学的规则猜出从学过的词派生出来的常用词。

语法（1）英语的基本语法有准确、清楚、完整的认识。

（2）系统地掌握英语句子的基本结构以及英语基本的修辞手法（强调、倒装、省略）的构成和用法。

（3）能运用所学的语法规则以及句子结构的指示谴词造句、集句成章，在阅读和翻译中能够解决篇章层次上的各种语法问题。

阅读（1）能读懂常见体裁的中等水平非专业题材的英语材料，并能根据上下文猜出生词的意思。

（2）要求了解所读材料的中心思想，抓住主要论点或细节、明确作者的基本态度，并能根据其内容进行一定的推理和分析。

写作（1）要求在半小时左右就《综合英语（二）》上下册的31篇课文的内容用130～150个词回答一个大问题。

（2）要求格式正确、语言得体。

（3）要求内容切题、条理清楚、语法基本正确、语言基本通顺、用词基本得当。

翻译（1）能运用所学的词汇和语法规则将一般非技术专业的汉语句子译成英语，意思准确、无重大语法错误。

（2）能在半小时左右将与课文难度相仿的200词左右的文章译成汉语，理解正确，译文较为通顺。

二．命题原则1. 合理安排测试项目的能力层次。

每份试卷中测试各种能力层次的项目所占的分数比例一般为：识记10%，领会30%。

2. ⾮谓语动词 动词主要时态和语态⼀览表 ⾮谓语动词形式意义 现在分词 ⼀般式 doing 主动，正在进⾏ 被动式 being done 被动，正在进⾏ 完成主动式 having done 主动，已经完成 完成被动式 having been done 被动，已经完成 过去分词 done 被动，已经完成 动词不定式 ⼀般式 to do 主动，将要进⾏ 被动式 to be done 被动，将要进⾏ 完成主动式 to have done 主动，已经完成 进⾏主动式 to be doing 主动，正在进⾏ ⾮谓语动词作状语 ？动词不定式：1）⽬的状语；2）结果状语 e.g. I came here to meet you. （⽬的） He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. （结果） ？分词：1）伴随状语；2）原因状语；3）条件状语 4）让步状语；5）时间状语 e.g. Walking along the street， he met his old friend. （时间） Being very tired， my father didn‘t go out with us. （原因） Made by hand， the silk shirt is very expensive. （原因） Seen from the space， the earth looks like a blue ball. （条件） ⾮谓语动词，状语从句和独⽴结构 ？ Having done their homework， the children began to play. （分词作状语） ？ After having done their homework， the children began to play. （连词+分词） ？ After they had done their homework， the children began to play. （状语从句） ？ With homework done， the children began to play. （独⽴结构） ⾮谓语动词作定语 ？ If there is no choice， there is no decision ___ （make）。

自考英语（二）（课程代码：00015）迷你串讲Tips：1.该PPT中出现的比例和分值统计是基于英语（二）四套真题，即2013.10真题，2014.4真题，2014.10真题和2015.4真题。

2.该PPT右下角中的比例是指该分类在上述四套真题的该题型中出现的频次比例。

3.该PPT右下角中的分值是指该分类在上述四套真题中的总分值【迷你串讲】英语（二）阅读判断1.题目要求：读懂一篇350字左右短文的基础上，对给出10个句子所表达的信息做出判断。

2.作答方式：◎正确的选A （True）◎错误的选B（False）◎文中没有提到的选C（Not Given）3.解题步骤Step 1：先阅读题目Step 2：寻找关键词回归定位，找出题目在原文中的出处（1）准确确定题干中的关键词（2）带着关键词回归文章定位Step 3：把关键词所在的句子与题目对比，根据True，False和Not Given特点进行判断。

确定关键词的依据：醒目好找，出现频率低英语（二）阅读判断答案为true【迷你串讲】英语（二）题目与原文内容相符True比例：42.5%分值：17【迷你串讲】英语（二）英语（二）阅读判断答案为true题目是原文的同义改写Eg: 1【题目】：It's advisable to have different lists of songs.【译文】：建议你搞个不同的歌曲列表。

【原文】：I strongly recommend dividing your play list intodifferent small lists.【译文】：我强烈建议你把播放列表分成不同的小列表。

（2015.4 阅读判断第6题）比例：42.5%分值：17Eg: 2【题目】：The taxi driver liked talking with his customers.【译文】：这个出租车司机喜欢和乘客聊天。

【原文】：Many times during long rides, I'd developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advicefrom them.【译文】：在很多次的路途中，我和乘客关系都处的很好，并且还从他们身上得到很好的建议。