完形填空与解析 北京四中
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北京四中完形填空与解析(一)"完形填空"题旨在测试学生综合运用英语的能力，做此题必须通篇考虑，掌握大意，综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行判断推理。
解此类题主要从以下四步做起：第一步重视首句，把握开篇。
完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。
细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。
第二步速读全文，掌握大意。
速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。
读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。
要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。
第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。
"瞻前顾后"，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要"双管齐下"，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。
答题方法：1）择优法：根据文章及结构边读边填，如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。
2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。
排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。
第四步复核全文，调整答案。
把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意以下三点：1．上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。
2．从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。
3．段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。
同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。
例题精选Mrs. Jones was over eighty, but she still drove her old car like a woman half her age. She loved driving very fast, and was proud of the fact 1 she had never, in her thirty-five years of driving, been punished 2 a driving offence (犯规，犯法).Then one day she nearly 3 her record. A police car 4 her, and the policemen in it sawher 5 a red light without stopping. Of course, she was stopped. It seemed 6 that she would be punished.7 Mrs. Jones came up to the judge, he looked at her seriously and said that she was 8 old to drive a car, and that the 9 why she had not stopped at the red 10 was most probably that her eyes had become weak 11 old age, so that she had simply not seen it.When the judge had finished what he was 12 , Mrs. Jones opened the big handbag shewas 13 and took out her sewing. Without saying a word, she 14 a needle with a very small eye, and threaded it at her first attempt.When she had 15 done this, she took the thread out of the needle again and handed 16 the needle and the thread to the judge, saying, “Now it is your 17 . I suppose you drive a car, and that you are quite sure about your own eyesight.”The judge took the 18 and tried to thread it. After half a dozen tries, he had still not succeeded. The case (案例) against Mrs. Jones was 19 , and her record 20 unbroken.1. A. which B. when C. that D. this2. A. about B. on C. to D. for3. A. kept B. won C. missed D. lost4. A. watched B. after C. followed D. ran after5. A. pass B. go C. run D. rush6. A. sure B. indeed C. certain D. perhaps7. A. Before B. While C. Until D. When8. A. so B. very C. too D. quite9. A. cause B. reason C. matter D. trouble10. A. light B. lamp C. sign D. one11. A. with B. because C. for D. of12. A. speaking B. saying C. talking D. telling13. A. holding B. getting C. carrying D. bringing14. A. took B. brought C. picked D. chose15. A. almost B. hardly C. successfully D. successful16. A. both B. all C. neither D. either17. A. time B. turn C. chance D. job18. A. thread B. glasses C. needles D. needle19. A. dismissed B. passed C. settled D. studied20. A. was B. kept C. seemed D. remained答案与解析：1-5 CDDCA 6-10 CDCBA 11-15 A BCDC 16-20 A BDA D1．C．fact后接that, 因为that 引导的是一个同位语从句。
2．D．for表示被惩罚的原因。
3．D．她始终保持着记录，但那天她差点儿丢了这个记录，因为她闯了红灯。
4．C．警车跟在她后面，用followed，而watched不妥，因为主语是警车，而不是人。
ran after 也不对，警车在此之前没理由追赶她。
5．A．pass a red light，而用go 则要说go by。
6．C．用certain，不用sure，因为sure 常用人作主语。
7．D．此处came为瞬间动词，不能用while。
8．C．这是too…to结构，表示太…而不…9．B．reason是说明某事某现象的理由，而cause 则指火灾、水灾或事故的起因。
10．A．红灯，用red light。
11．A．with此处相当于because of。
12．B．强调说话的内容用say，指说话的动作或讲某种语言用speak。
13．C．表示随身携带，不强调方向性，用carry，而bring则表示由远往近带来。
14．D．此处是挑了一根小眼的针，如用took, brought和pick都要加up或out。
15．C．从下文看，老太太显然是成功了。
16．A．指针和线两者，所以用both。
17．B．your turn表示该轮到你了。
18．D．为什么是针呢？因为后边有一句说她要thread it。
19．A．be dismissed被取消了。
20．D．remained表示过去是这样，现在仍保持这一状态。
seemed，语气不够肯定。
kept此处应用was kept。
完形填空专练阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，( 1 )In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not 1 . In the 2 of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually 3 saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who 4 for advanced degrees hadto 5 questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject.This 6 exists today as part of the process of 7 candidates for the doctor’s degree.Generally, 8 , modern examinations are written. The written examination, 9 all students are tested on the same questions, was probably 10 until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great 11 in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination 12 exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles 13 workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are 14 to act like machines.One type of test is 15 called an “objective”test. It is intended to deal withfacts ,not 16 opinions. To 17 an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has 18 one correct answer. A long with each question the 19 writes the correct answer and also three statements that 20 answers to students who have not learned the material properly.1. A. writing B. speaking C. written D. listening2. A. governments B. schools C. homes D. offices3. A. consisted of B. was including C. was formed by D. made up of4. A. were working B. work C. will work D. had worked5. A. raise B. answer C. talk D. discuss6. A. work B. university C. custom D. question7. A. asking B. producing C. testing D. looking8. A. but B. however C. though D. still9. A. where B. that C. when D. known10. A. known B. not known C. not appeared D. existing11. A. progress B. development C. decrease D. increase12. A. timed B. timing C. being timed D. time13. A. a swarm of B. a great deal of C. a group of D. a few14. A. willing B. expected C. hoped D. wished15. A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime16. A. own B. social C. personal D. true17. A. make sure B. make out C. make use of D. make up18. A. nearly B. at least C. only D. more than19. A. teacher B. candidate C. student D. doctor20. A. are B. look like C. give D. look as if( 2 )One day a stranger came to the nearest village and asked where he could find wild pigs. Somebody told him, and he went off. He had no 1 with him, and the village people 2 what he was going to 3 with the pigs.When he 4 a few months later and said that he had 5 all the pigs, the villagers were still more surprised, but some of them agreed to go with him 6 he asked for help in bringing the pigs out. They wanted to see whether he was telling the truth. They soon discovered 7 he was. All the pigs were inside the enclosure（围栏）which had a fence round it and a 8 in one of its sides.“9 did you do it?”they asked the stranger.“Well, it was quite easy really,”he answered. “I began by 10 some Indian corn. 11 , they would not touch it, but after a few weeks, some of the younger pigs 12 to run out of the bushes, take some of the corn quickly, and then ran back. Soon all the pigs were eating the corn I had 13 out there.Then I began to build a fence round the corn. At first it was very 14 , but little by little, I built it higher and higher without 15 the pigs away. When I saw that they were waiting for me to bring the corn each day 16 going and searching for their own food 17 they had done in the past, I 18 one day while they were all eating inside the enclosure. I can 19 any animal in the same way if I can get it into the habit of 20 me for its food.”1. A. money B. food C. books D. guns2. A. understood B. learned C. wondered D. knew3. A. live B. do C. play D. fight4. A. went out B. came back C. walked about D. looked around5 A. killed B. found C. seen D. caught6 A. and B. so C. then D. when7 A. that B. what C. who D. how8 A. gun B. hole C. gate D. window9 A. How B. Why C. When D. Where10. A. looking for B. growing C. getting in D. putting out11. A. After all B. At first C. By and by D. putting out12. A. began B. wished C. tired D. decided13. A. grown B. lain C. laid D. found14. A. low B. safe C. necessary D. strange15. A. driving B. frightening C. sending D. shooting16. A. besides B. as if C. instead of D. because of17. A. as B. though C. since D. if18. A. shot it B. shot them C. shut them D. shut it19. A. kill B. catch C. close D. grasp20. A. satisfying with B. living onC. depending onD. asking for( 3 )Booker T Washington had gone to some little border state town to make a speech, and it seemed that everybody in the town had turned 36 to hear him, all the whites and all the 37 . The whites sat 38 one side of the hall and the blacks on the other, 39 was the local custom. Washington made the speech that he was capable of, and people there clapped their hands.The editor of the local 40 was there on a front seat, and he seemed to 41 the speech more than anyone else. He clapped harder and laughed 42 than the 43 . Washington stayed in the little town until the next day because he wanted to see what the editor would 44 about his speech. His speech and the meeting had undoubtedly been the 45 events in town the day before. Washingtonnaturally 46 to find it reported 47 the first page. The little paper had only four 48 . He found nothing on the first page, nothing on the 49 page, and nothing on the third page. He was just about to give up when he discovered his name in the last column of the 50 page, with about two inches of space 51 an advertisement.On that same day and in that same paper 52 black man had all of the front page to himself. It seems that when Booker T Washington entered that town to make a successful speech, another black man 53 entered the town to make an unsuccessful attempt to 54 a white woman’s purse. He got the 55 front page with his picture, his biography（个人经历）, and his family on it.36. A. away B. in C. out D. down37. A. blackman B. people C. black D. blacks38. A. on B. in C. to D. beside39. A. it B. as C. that D. this40. A. magazine B. radio C. book D. paper41. A. enjoy B. love C. dislike D. hate42. A. loud B. louder C. aloud D. loudly43. A. people B. other C. rest D. listeners44. A. say B. talk C. tell D. speak45. A. s mallest B. biggest C. best D. most46. A. wanted B. liked C. expected D. intended47. A. before B. at C. in D . on48. A. pages B. sections C. copies D. parts49. A. third B. second C. fourth D. fifth50. A. first B. front C. second D. last51. A. under B. over C. above D. in52. A. the B. another C. other D. that53. A. too B. either C. as well D. also54. A. snatch B. catch C. take D. seize55. A. all B. whole C. total D. most答案：（一）1-5 CBAAD 6-10 CCBA B 11-15 DA CBA16-20 CDCAB 答案：（二）1-5 DCBBD 6-10 DACAD 11-15 BACA B 16-20 CADBC答案：（三）36-40 CDA BD41-45 A BCA B46-50 CDA BD51-55 A BDA B。
