There be 句型讲解
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There be 句型的肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和倒装句
1. there be的常用句型为There be +某人某物+某地, 表示“某处有某人或某物”,即表示存在关系。
There is a book on my desk.
There is a wallet on the ground. 在地上有个钱包。
There are many flowers in the garden.花园里有许多花。
就近原则:当主语后面有两个或两个以上名词时,be的单复数要跟紧跟there be的主语保持一致,如果名词是单数或不可数名词时用is, 如果名词是复数用are.
There is a tree and many flowers in the garden.
There are many flowers and a tree in the garden.
2.There be 句型的否定句There+be(is/are)+not+某物/某人+地点/时间。
有两种构成方式,一种是将否定副词not放在be 之后,
如:There is a cat in the tree.
There is not a cat in the tree.
There isn’t a box in the room. 房间里没有盒子。
另一种是在主语前加上不定代词no ,
如:There is water in the bottle.
There is no water in the bottle. 瓶子里没有水。
There are no pictures on the wall. 墙上没有图画。
3.There be 句型的一般疑问句是将be 放在there 之前,回答时用yes或no,后接简单答语。
句式:Be(Is/Are)+there+某物/某人+地点/时间?
如: There is a book on the desk.
Is there a book on the desk?
---Yes,there is. / No,there isn’t.
There are some shoes under the bed.
Are there any shoes under the bed?
--- Yes,there are. / No,there aren’t.
4.There be 句型的特殊疑问句主要有what, how many和how much做引导词三种情况。
句式:What’s +介词短语(地点)?
如:What’s on the desk?
---There is a book on the desk.
特殊疑问词+ be(is/are)+there+其它?
如:How many students are there in your school? 你们学校有多少学生?
There are two thousand students in our school.
How much money is there in your pocket? 你口袋里有多少钱?
There are two hundred dollars in my pocket.
5.here 和there位于句首时的倒装
表示地点的here和 there位于句首,且其后的主语为名词时,用完全倒装形式。
这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come, go等
表示移动或动态的不及物动词:
Here’s Tom. 汤姆在这里。
There’s Jim. 吉姆在那儿。
Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
【注意】
(1) 若主语为代词,则不倒装:
Here is it. 它在这儿。/ 它来了。
Here it comes. 它来了。
(2) 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在):
There lived a monk in this mountain. 山上住着一个和尚。