5情态动词和虚拟语气专题
2018北京真题
(选择题12)In today's information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a pany.
A. need
B. should
C. can
D. must
(选择题13) They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.
A. drove
B. would drive
C. were to drive
D. had driven
东城二模2018reader Library's regulations, each 择(选题10)According to the Public _________borrow at most five books at a time.
D. would
C. may
A. should
B. must
(选择题11)The book covers the knowledge I wish I ______ five years ago.
A. knew
B. had known
C. would know
D. would have known
东城一模20188)I ______ not have her new telephone number; let me check. (选择题D. need
B. must
C. shall
A. may
(选择题15) Can you imagine what the modern world ______ like without smartphones?
A. were
B. would be
C. had been
D. would have been
西城二模201814)If it had not been for the kind guide, we _____our way in the mountains. 选择题(D. lost B. had lost A. would lose C. would have lost
11 hours. He _____ be very 1)—Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 选择题(tired after such a long trip.
Yes, especially after working all night before the flight. —D. dare
B. need
C. might
A. must
2018西城一模11)Passengers _____ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it (选择题road. will take his focus off the
D.need not A. would not
B. must not
C. may not
(选择题15)—What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.
Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier.
—．
A. municate
B. had municated
D. would municate
C. municated
2018海淀二模(选择题10)When I was small, my mom ________red me stories at night.
A. could
B. should
C. might
D. would
(选择题11)He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing __________.
A. had happened
B. happened
C. would happen
D. would have happened
2018海淀一模
(选择题18) — I went to the concert last night. It was fantastic!
— You were so lucky! How I wish I ________ the ticket too.
A.had got
B. would get
C.got
D. get
(选择题14) You _________ something great, otherwise you wouldn't have got the promotion.
A. should do
B. must do
C. should have done
D. must have done
2018朝阳二模
(选择题11)I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
A. studied
B. had studied
C. have studied
D. will study
(选择题1)e here, Mary. If you stand at this angle, you ______ just see the sunset.
A. must
B. need
C. can
D. should
朝阳一模201813) It seems late to say anything. We probably ______ it if we had made an (选择题offer sooner.
A. would have got
B. would get
C. had got
D. got
2018丰台一模otherwise I________late
，(选择题12)—Thank you for reminding me of the timeyesterday.
—Don't mention it.B. would have been A. had been
C. should be
D. would be
(选择题2)—Isn't that Ann's brother over there?
—No. It________be him. He never wears glasses.
A. won't D. may not
C. can't B. must not
2018房山一模I _______ a full mark in the last listening exam if I hadn't
14) 选择题(
practiced it during the winter holiday.
D. wouldn't have got A.didn't got B. hadn't got C. wouldn't get
15)Sometimes it seems that doors _________ be closed for you, but remember, 选择题(they are not all locked.
D. need
C. may
A. must
B. should
石景山一模2018have been caused by a dog running across the road, but
14)The accident (选择题 we don't know for sure. D. must
C. will
A. might
B. should
11)If the traffic so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o'clock.( 选择题
B. wasn'tldn't be D. hasn'tbeenA. hadn't been
C. cou 2017北京卷真题21)Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,_____ easily reach the books on the (选择题top shelf.
B.should
C.can
D.needA.must
34)if the new safety system _______ to use,the accident would never have (选择题happened.
A.had been put
B.were put
C.should be put
D.would be put
东城二模201724) ---Where are you going to hang the picture?
选择题( ---I haven't decided yet. I _____ hang it in the dining room.
D. would
C. need
A. might
B. must
33)If you were to have a few minutes free, I______ the opportunity to ask 选择题(you one more question.
B. would have appreciated A. would appreciate
D. had appreciated
C. were to appreciate
东城一模2017 28. If we ______ repeated attempts, we wouldn't have succeeded.
A. haven't made
B. hadn't made
C. didn't make
D. wouldn't make
32)---Last week I bought a bike, but today my uncle gave me one for my 选择题 (birthday. ---Oh, so you ______ have bought it.
A. needn't D. may not
t
't C. can'B. mustn
西城二模2017．
35)If I had the chance, I _____ a business at my university that would (选择题benefit my classmates.
A. started
B. would start
C. had started
D. would have started
26)We _____worry so much about him. He is old enough to take care of (选择题himself
at college.
n't . needn't D. dareB. mustn't A. couldn't C 2017西城一模29) There are so many special offers and bargains during Spring Festival (选择题that you _____ surely get what you want for much less money.
D. have to
A. might
B. can
C. need
35) What a sunny day! How I wish I _____ on the beach enjoying the 选择题(sunshine now!
D. should be
C. would be
A. were
B. had been
2017海淀二模33)we _____ be careful with the words we say when we are angry. 选择
题(A. may B. can C. might D. should
34)without our team great effort, the art exhibition last week_______ such 选择题(a great success.
t have been t have been D. won't be C. wouldn''A. wouldn't be B. won 2017海
淀一模 Could we phone our English teacher now? (选择题34) —driving. — Not now. I'm afraid he ______ be
D. may
B. can
A. shall
C. will
35) Waiters are requested to treat every customer as if they ______ guests 选择题(in their own house.
D. had been
A. are
B. were
C. would be
2017朝阳二模They've seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I (34)选择题______ it!
D. had attended
B. will attend
C. would attend
A. have attended
28) Thanks for your useful advice; otherwise I _____ such rapid progress. 选择题( B. couldn't have made A. didn't make
D. shouldn't have made C. hadn't made
2017朝阳一模have a cigarette, choose a seat in the first row of
26)If you________选择题(
the smoking section.
D. would
A. should
B. must
C. might
35)---Did you enjoy your trip?
选择题(our stay in London half as much. ---Yes. But for your advice, we________
t enjoyed
B. hadn't enjoy A. didn'
C. wouldn't enjoy
D. wouldn't have enjoyed
2017丰台二模
(选择题31)You ________ return the book now. And you can keep it till next week.
A. needn't
B. can't
C. mustn't
D. won't
(选择题34) If I had worn warmer clothes, I ________ a cold.
A. won't catch
B. won't have caught
D. wouldn't have caught C. wouldn't catch
2017丰台一模31) Life is not predictable; even the worst ________ bee the best. (选择题D. need
B. might
C. must
A. shall
(选择题34) I wish I ________ the lecture yesterday, but I missed it.
A. had attended
B. would attend
C. have attended
D. attended
石景山一模2017it gives me horrible dreams. 选择题(21) I ______ have watched that movie — t B. needn't A. shouldn't C. couldn'D. mustn't
2017大兴二模a good habit ______ help us to speed up to reach our 28) Obviously选择题，(destinations.
A.need
B.must
C.can
D.shall
t you drive a little faster?
'(选择题33)---Can---No, if I______ another speeding ticket, my dad would take away my car.
A.would get
B.would have got
C.had got
D.got
北京高考201631)I love the weekend, because I_____ get up early on Saturdays and 选择题(Sundays.
t
't
C. wouldn' 'A. neednt B. mustnt
'D. shouldn(选择题34) Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ___ me, I
could have helped.
A. told
B. had told
C. were to tell
D. would tell
东城二模2016．
(选择题31)Fresh milk _____ in the fridge, or it will go bad.
A. may keep
B. may be kept
C. must keep
D. must be kept
(选择题34)If Julia had practised hard enough last night, she _____ more confident on the stage now.
A.is
B. would be
C. had been
D. would have been
2016东城一模 Are you ready for the history test tomorrow? (选择题1) — No, I wish I ______ the clock back. —D. would have turned
A. had turned
B. could turn
C. will turn
(选择题29) — Hey, the washing up has been done!
— That ______ Cynthia. She's always helpful.
A. need have been
B. could have been
D. must have been
C. should have been
2016西城二模
(选择题32) Not drinking enough water ______ lead to headache and poor physical performance.
A. can
B. must
C. should
D. need
(选择题34) If I weren't so tired, I ______ with you to the movie tonight.
A. will go
B. would have gone
C. would go
D. went
西城一模2016Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.
1) 选择题—(Thanks, but I think I ______ more attention to my stage manners during that —time.
D. should have paid A. must pay B. should pay
C. must have paid
(选择题25)Experts advised that parents ______ children from doing homework by using electronic equipment too much.
A. discouraged
B. discourage
C. would discourage
D. have discouraged 2016海淀二模
(选择题27) I ______ my cellphone last night. Now the battery is running out.
A. could have charged
B. might charge
C. should have charged
D. would charge
(选择题34) Mrs. Green treats her students as if they ______ her children.
A. are
B. were
C. had been
D. would be
2016海淀一模
16) People around us ______ affect our thoughts and behaviors.
选择题(
A. must
B. can
C. should
D. would
(选择题28)If Mike _______ the half-cooked food then, he would not be in hospital now.
A. had not had
B. did not have
C. does not have
D. has not had
朝阳二模2016club. health to join a local me.I've 22.You ______ worry about decided
D. daren't C. mustn't B. can't needn't A.
33.The driver was really careless,otherwise the traffic accident ______. A. didn't happen B. hadn't happened
C. wouldn't happen
D. wouldn't have happened
2016朝阳一模(选择题28) Parents often tell their children that they __________ take candy from
strangers.
A. needn't
B. wouldn't
C. shouldn't
D. daren't
(选择题35)--My puter doesn't work!
--Robert is a puter expert. How I wish he __________ with me.
A. came
B. had e
C. is ing
D. has e
丰台二模201621) --- Look! Tom has fallen asleep on the sofa. (选择题 --- He ________ feel tired after his long drive.
D. dare
B. need A. can
C. must
丰台一模201621)--- No one ________ be pared with Li Na in playing tennis. (选择题 --- Oh, you are really her big fan.
D. might
A. can
B. need
C. must
(选择题30)If we had phoned the rescue service in time, we ________ on the motorway right now.
A. weren't trapped
B. wouldn't be trapped
D. wouldn't have been trapped
C. hadn't been trapped
2016石景山一模
(选择题29)I thought it rather strange that Tom ______ not tell where he lived.
A. might
B. need
C. must
D. could
(选择题31)Andrew ______ the task within two months. But he didn't, so he was
fired.
B. must finish
A. finished
C. should have finished
D. would have finished
2016房山二模(选择题21)George has travelled a lot. He _______ speak four languages.
A. must
B. can
C. may
D. need
房山一模2016________ I turn in my homework tomorrow, Mr. White? —(选择题27)t. You must hand it in today. ' — No, you canC. May D. Will
B. Must A. Need
(选择题28) —Hi, Jeff. Why won't you go swimming with us next Sunday?
—If I weren't so busy, I ________ with you.
A. would have gone
B. shall go
C. will go
D. would go
2016门头沟二模 Do you like the spring in Beijing?
27)––(选择题s hard to say. Sometimes it _______ be very cold and windy. It' –
情态动词与虚拟语气 【语法要点】 情态动词 所谓情态动词是指它含有一定的含义，可以表达某种感情和说话的语气，但是它不可以单独使用 作谓语动词。学习情态动词主要学习英语国家的语言习惯和表达法，特别是在口语中不要过分追求原理，更不要不根据说话场合而进行推理，编造出一些语法结构正确的中文式英语。 一、情态动词的类型 1.只作情态动词的有：must、can、could、may、might、ought to 2.既可作情态动词又可作实义动词的有：need、dare 3.既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall、should、will、would 二、情态动词的特征 1.表示说话人的情感态度，不能单独作谓语，与行为动词或连系动词一起作谓语。 2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。 3.具有助动词的特征：可用来构成否定句、疑问句或简短答语。 三、情态动词的用法 1.表示能力 （1）表示现在的能力，用can 或be able to。表示一般的能力时多用can，表示“经过努力成功 的做成某事”用be able to。 （2）表示过去的能力，用could或was/were be able to。区别同上。 （3）表示将来的能力，用will be able to。 2.表示推测、可能性 （1）can 用在肯定句中表示客观的可能性，而不表示具体事情实际发生的可能性。 例如：Accidents can happy on such rainy days. （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的情态动词，其表示可能性的层次如下表： 情态动词肯定式否定式疑问式 must 必定、必然、一定 will 很可能、大概不会、不该会,,吗？ would 可能性较will 小不会、不该（较won’t 弱）会,,吗？（较will 弱） should 应该会、理应（表示合乎理想的情况或结果） ought to 与should 同义 can 一定不会、不可能（否定推测）有可能吗？ could 可疑的可能不可能（与can’t 同义）有可能吗？（较can 弱）may 或许、可能、说不定可能不 might 或许、可能（较may 弱）可能不（较may not 弱） 注意→（1）may，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句。 （2）can 常用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思。could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。
@ 情态动词和虚拟语气 1. Jack descried his father, who ________a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-wiled man A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been ） 2. —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. —Ah, good morning. You _______ be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can recommend parents _______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. ~ A. not allow B. do not allow C. mustn’t allow D. couldn’t allow 4. You_______ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustn't C. have to D. don't have to 5. —I haven’t got the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month. —Don’t worry. You________ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may w_w w. k#s 6. I have told you the truth I keep repeating it A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will ~ 7. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise. A. can B. will C. must D. may 8. Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon. A. can’t B. needn’t C. may not D. will not 9. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now. He’s busy. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 10. I _______ have watched that movie—it’ll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t < 11. –May I take this book out of the reading room –No, you . You read it in here. A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 12. —Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday. — Oh, you _________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. A. must B. mustn't C. should D. shouldn't 13. — _______ I take the book out —I'm afraid not. *
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气 1.【2015·北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer? —It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone. A .may B .can C . must D .dare 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：——你不能再多待会儿吗?——很晚了，我必须得走了.我女儿一个人在家.A. may可能，可以，也许；B. can能，会；C. must必须，必然要，必定会；D. dare敢，胆敢.结合句意，故选C. 【考点定位】考查情态动词辨析 【名师点睛】本题是考查情态动词，这里考查的是语气的强度，在这里结合语境是“一定”的意思，所以要做好此类辨析题需掌握情态动词选项的语气并结合语境. 2.【2015·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’t have believed it. A . didn’t see B. weren’t seeing C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信.根据后半句wouldn’t have believed 可以判断是对过去的虚拟.所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式.故选D. 【考点定位】虚拟语气 【名师点睛】条件句中有if引导时,首先要根据句意和句子结构判断是真实条件句还是虚拟条件句,如果符合虚拟的结构,就可以根据句子中的时间和语意判断应该用哪种虚拟语气. 3.【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. A.d idn’t write B. hadn’t written C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器.根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句
一．情态动词 1.---Could I borrow your dictionary? ----Yes,of course you_____. A.might B. will C. can D. should 2.---Shall we go skating or stay at home? ----Which _____do yourself? A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather 3.It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___be here at any moment. A. must B need C should D can 4.A computer __think for itself ,it must be told what to do. A. can’t B couldn’t C may not D might 5. Johnny,you ___play with the knife.You ___hurt yourself. A.won’t ;can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’t 6.—Shall I tell John about it? -----No,you _____.I’ve told him already. A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 7.---Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. ----______. A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D.I haven’t 8.He ____you more help,even though he was busy. A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give 9.----There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. ---It ___a comfortbable journey. A.can’t be B.shouldn’t be C.mustn’t have been D.couldn’t have been 10.I told Sally how to get there ,but perhaps I ___for her. A.had to write it out B.must to have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out 11.---When can I come for photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon. ---They ___be ready by 12:00. A.can B. should C might D need 12.---I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ----Oh,did you?You ____with Barbara. A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed 13.-----Alice, you feed the bird today.____? -----But I fed it yesterday. A.do you B.will you C.didn’t you D.don’t you 14.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____get out. A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could
情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词的用法要点 一、表能力 Can Am/is/are able to 表现在的能力 Will be able to 表将来的能力 could Was/were able to 表过去得能力 Could have+过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 二、表推测（可能性） 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及 具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 2.表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/ couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr Mush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. ---Are you coming to Jeff’party? ---I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead. (3) would, could, should, might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而表示可能性弱于它们相应的现在时形式。 This may/ might be done by him. (4)should 表推测时，表示确定或可能有的未来或期望，即合乎理想的情况或结果 He ought to/ should be here on time---he started early enough. We should arrive before dark. The roads should be less crowded today. 三、表示请求、允许、允诺 1.当对方是决策者时，你代表你（们）自己（I, we），或代表第三者（he she they）向对方（you）请示或提 出建议时用：
Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度, 而非过去时间, 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help . Want, wonder, think, hope
要点一情态动词的基本用法 ,could 【温馨提示】 can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 ,might 【温馨提示】 may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 ,would 【温馨提示】 would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。
,should,ought to ,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用needn’t或don’t have to。(2) mustn’t表示“禁止;不许”;而don’t have to表示“不必”。(3) must只有一种形式,而have to有人称、时态的变化。 的用法 的用法
【温馨提示】 (1)dare用作情态动词有dare,dared两种形式。 (2)dare用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to可省去,但dare以动词-ing形式出现时,不定式符号to不能省略。 要点二“情态动词+have done ”的用法 have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can’t/cannot have done。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just can’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 have done意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 might have done表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done意为“可能没有做……”。 It’s no use going to his may not have gone may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 ought to have done表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to
谓语动词(情态动词、虚拟语气) 要点一情态动词的基本用法 【温馨提示】can有时也用于肯定句,表示理论上的可能性或一时的情况。常译为“有时会”。 2.may,might 【温馨提示】may表示请求许可时,其否定回答一般用mustn’t。may not意为“可能不”,而can’t意为“不可能”。 【温馨提示】would表示过去的习惯时仅指动作,而且不与现在作对比;used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,而且与现在作对比,说明现在这种动作或状态已经不存在。 4.shall,should,ought to
5.must,have to 【温馨提示】 (1)在回答must 的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn ’t 或don ’t have to 。(2) mustn ’t 表示“禁止;不许”;而don ’t have to 表示“不必”。(3) must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、时态的变化。 7.dare 的用法 【温馨提示】 (1)dare 用作情态动词有dare,dared 两种形式。 (2)dare 用作实义动词,后接不定式,不定式符号to 可省去,但dare 以动词-ing 形式出现时,不定式符号to 不能省略。 要点二 “情态动词+have done ”的用法 1.must have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行肯定的推断,只用于肯定句中,意为“一定,必定”,其否定形式为:can ’t/cannot have done 。 It must have rained last night,for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了,因为路面十分潮湿。 I saw Mr Wang just now.He can ’t have gone abroad. 刚刚我还看见王先生了,他不可能已经出国了。 2.could have done 意为“本来可以……,本来能够……”,表示虚拟语气。 You could have made greater progress,but you didn ’t try your best. 你本来可以取得更大的进步,但是你没有努力。 3.may/might have done 表示对过去已发生的事情进行推断,意为“可能/或许已经……”。其否定形式为: may/might not have done 意为“可能没有做……”。 It ’s no use going to his house.He may not have gone home.He may have gone somewhere else. 去他家没用。 他可能没有回家,可能已经去了别的地方。 4.should/ought to have done 表示本应该做某事,却没有做,含有责备或后悔之意。其否定形式为should not/ought not to have done 表示“本不该做某事却做了”。
“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做” 1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。 2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 请看相关知识点： 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。 二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。 三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。 五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 —What has happened to George? —I don't know. He may have got lost. —乔治发生了什么事？
高效演练·跟踪检测区 语法填空 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1 Long ago, there was a mother and a son living in a house. She worked hard every day, but they were always poor. One day, her son stol e his friend’s bag. “Mom, 1. do you think of this bag? ”His mother 2. (scold)him, but she didn’t. “It looks great! ” The next time, he stole an overcoat. She praised him again after he stole it. A few years later, he grew up to be 3. young man. He stole jewelry and brought them to his mother. “How beautiful! ”This time, she did not scold her son again. Then, 4. he was pleased by his mother, he started to steal 5. (expensive)things. One day, the police caught him. Before putting him in jail, he begged the police to meet his mother. They took 6. to his mother. As soon as he saw his mother, he hit her ear lobe. “Ouch! What’s the matter with you? ”She finally scolded him. Her son answered, “If you 7. (give)me a scolding like that when I stole the first bag, I could not have become a thief. ” She collapsed as she looked at her son 8. (head)for the prison. “If only I 9. turn back time, I would scold him 10. (severe). ”Sh e regretted that she had always praised him, whatever he did.
三年（2017-2019）年高考真题分项汇编 专题06 情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯
情态动词和虚拟语气 1. --- I haven't got the reference book yet, but I'll have a test on the subject next month. --- Don't worry. You_______ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D. may 2. --- I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. --- How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 3. --- She looks very happy. She_______ have passed the exam. --- I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 4. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture. A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused 5. --- I’m sorry. I _______ at you the other day. --- Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted 6. --- ________the plane have taken off on time? --- I'm afraid not. So many flights were delayed due to the bitterly cold weather. A. Need B. Should C. Can D. Must 7. --- I didn't attend Tom's wedding yesterday. --- I _________, either, if my friend hadn't reminded me. A. wouldn't B. wouldn't have C. didn't D. hadn't 8. We’re still at the airport. If it weren’t for the delayed flight, we ___________ the concert right now. A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyed C. would be enjoying D. should have enjoyed 9. For environmental reasons, we _____________ as well take these waste products and have them recycled.
2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析-----情态动词和虚拟语气 一、2019年高考真题 1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】31.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 【答案】C 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】14.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 【答案】D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。 二、2018年高考真题 1.【2018·江苏】24. It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that...”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。 点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that... 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）It is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本
第一课 1、I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I report it to the police? A、should B、may C、will D、can 2、----The room is so dirty. we clean it? ----Of course. A、Will B、Shall C、Would D、Do 3、My English—Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who have taken it? A、should B、must C、could D、would 4、It is suggested that a doctor immediately. A、be sent for B、send for C、is send for D、should send for 5、When he was there,he go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. A、would B、should C、had better D、might 6、Mary never does any reading in the evening, . A、so does John B、John does too C、John doesn’t too D、nor does John 7、----The computer is still on,could you have forgotten to turn it off? ----Yes,I . A、could have B、could C、must D、might have 8、Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we during the day. A、may have done B、would have done C、must have done D、should have done 9、It’s 4 p.m.now and we’ve covered most of the distance.We arrive before dark. A、would B、should C、would rather D、have to 10、When the police took the suspect to the police station,he insisted that he the lady’s purse and that he free. A、not steal;be set B、didn’t steal;was set C、not steal;should be D、didn’t steal;be set 11、Jenny have kept her word.I wonder why she changed her mind. A、must B、should C、need D、would 12、he knew nothing about her. A、He appears as if B、It seems that C、It appears as if D、It seems as if 13、Peter come with us tonight,but he isn’t sure. A、must B、may C、can D、will 14、Helen go on the trip with us,but she isn’t quite sure yet. A、shall B、must C、may D、can 15、----There were already five people in the car,but they managed to take me as well.