南京大学考博英语模拟题及其解析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题据心理学家称，乐观和自信是健康的心理状态所应具备的要素。

焦虑是一种心理问题，他源自对生活中的不确定因素的内在恐惧，或者说是一种不安全感。

繁荣的市场经济中躁动的消费需求是某些人焦虑情绪产生的原因。

名车、豪宅和优越的生活被人们视为高档的标志。

但是，由于多数人难以达到这样的生活标准，有些人就会产生失落感。

然而，这种出于对金钱崇拜而产生的焦虑感并不具有代表性。

对于多数人来说，引起焦虑的重要原因是高昂的房价、教育支出和医疗费用。

人们生活在巨大的压力之下，但是低廉并且增长缓慢的工资使他们看不到脱离困境的希望。

有时似乎是机会多多，人们也会因此而产生焦虑。

【答案】Psychologists said that confidence and optimism are the important elements of a healthy state of mind. Nervousness is a mental problem and is resourced from an inner emotional insecurity over uncertain factors in life. In the prosperous market economy, restless consumption demands are the reason for the nervous emotions. Brand-name car, houses and superior life are the marks of high-end life. However, most people tend to be disappointed because they cannot reach this living standard.Furthermore, such nervousness over money worship is not representative. For most people, the nervousness is resulted from expensive house, high education expenditure and high medical cost. People live under this tremendous pressure, and they cannot find any hopes of being lifted out of the hardship because of the low and slow-growing incomes. Sometimes there seems to be many opportunities, but people also feel anxious about this.2.单选题As a （）actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments. 问题1选项A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In recent years, there has been a steady assault on salt from the doctors: Salt is bad for you —regardless of your health. Politicians also got on board. “ There is a direct relationship，” US Congressman Neal Smith noted, between the amount of sodium a pe rson consumes and heart disease, circulatory disorders, stroke and even early death. ”Frightening, if true! But many doctors and medical researchers are now beginning to feel the salt scare has gone too far. “All this hue and cry about eating salt is unnecessary,” Dr. Dustan insists. “For most of us it probably doesn’t make much difference how much salt we eat. ’’ Dustan’s most recent short-term study of 150 people showed that those with normal blood pressure underwent no change at all when placed on an extremely low-salt diet, or later when salt was reintroduced. Of the hypertensive subjects, however, half of those on the low-salt diet did experience a drop in blood pressure, which returned to its previous level when salt was reintroduced.“An adequate to somewhat excessive salt intake has probably saved many more lives than it has cost in the general population，” notes Dr. John H. Laragh. “So a recommendation that the whole population should avoid salt makes no sense.”Medical experts agree that everyone s hould practice reasonable “moderation” in salt consumption. For an average person, a moderate amount might run from four to ten grams a day, or roughly 1/2 to 1/3 of a teaspoon. The equivalent of one to two grams of this salt allowance would come from the natural sodium in food. The rest would be added in processing, preparation or at the table. Those with kidney, liver or heart problems may have to limit dietary salt,if their doctor advises. But even the very vocal “low salt” exponent, Dr. Arthur Hull Hay es Jr. admits that “we do not know whether increased sodium consumption causes hypertension. ’’ In fact, there is increasing scientific evidence that other factors may be involved: deficiencies in calcium, potassium, perhaps magnesium, obesity (much more dangerous than sodium), generic predisposition, stress.“ It is not your enemy，” says Dr. Laragh. “Salt is the No. 1 natural component of all human tissue, and the idea that you don’t need it is wrong. Unless your doctor has proven that you have a salt-rela ted health problem, there is no reason to give it up. ”1.According to some doctors and politicians, the amount of salt consumed（）2.From Dr. Dustan’s study we can infer that（）3.In the third paragraph, Dr. Laragh implies that（）4.What is the main message of this text?问题1选项A.exhibits as an aggravating factor to people in poor health.B.cures diseases such as stroke and circulatory disorders.C.correlates highly with some diseases.D.is irrelevant to people suffering from heart disease.问题2选项A.a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some people.B.the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with one’s blood pressure.C.the reduction of salt intake can cure a hypertensive patient.D.an extremely low-salt diet makes no difference to anyone.问题3选项A.people should not be afraid of taking excessive salt.B.doctors should not advise people to avoid salt.C.an adequate to excessive salt intake is recommended for people in disease.D.excessive salt intake has claimed some victims in the general population.问题4选项A.That the salt scare is not justified.B.That the origin of hypertension is now found.C.That the moderate use of salt is recommended.D.That salt consumption is to be promoted.【答案】第1题:C 第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C【解析】1.细节理解题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题My eldest sister went on with the story and young children around her（）with wonderful!” from time to time.问题1选项A.broke outB.broke offC.broke inD.broke up【答案】C【解析】动词词组辨析。

break out “爆发，突发”；break off “折断，突然停止”；break in “打断，闯入”；break up “打碎，结束”，句意：我的姐姐继续讲故事，围在她身边的小孩子时不时地打断欢呼“太棒了！”。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题He brought an entirely new level of style and sophistication to jazz music. Although a gifted piano player, Duke Ellington used the orchestra as his principal instrument. He considered himself a composer and arranger rather than just a musician, like Jelly Roll Morton before him.It was in 1917 when Duke began playing music professionally in Washington, D. C. Stride piano players like James P • Johnson and Willie “The Lion” Smith influenced his piano technique. Duke led a band called The Washingtonians, which played at The Hollywood Club in Manhattan (the club was later renamed as the Kentucky Club). This band acquired a style all its own when trumpet player Bubber Miley joined it, bringing with him his unique plunger-mute style of playing. Called the “ Jungle Sound，” this sound came to be largely responsible for Ellington’ s early success. A good example of this style of playing is the song East St. Louis Toodle-Oo. In 1924，the group recorded their first album, Choo Choo ( Gotta Hurry Home and Rainy Nights ( Rainy Days) ) . However, the band didn’t hit the big time until after Irving Mills became their manager and publisher in 1926. In 1927, the band re-recorded versions of East St. Louis Toodle-Oo, then debuted two songs that would be associated with Duke for the rest of his career, Black and Tan Fantasy and Creole Love Call.Ellington’s Orchestra, unlike many of its co ntemporaries, was able to make the transition from 1920s hot jazz to 1930s swing music. One song it played, It Don’t Mean a Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing), even came to define the era. What kept the Ellington Orchestra a major force in jazz was this very ability to adapt and grow with the times.The fame and influence of Ellington continued to grow throughout the 40s and 50s. His band continued to come up with jazz standards like Take the ‘ A ’ Train, Perdido, the 4 C ’ Jam Blues, and Satin Doll Duke wrote several religious pieces in the 1960s. He also composed The Far East Suite, then also collaborated with a highly diverse group of jazz musicians, among them Charles Mingus and Max Roach with whom he played a trio.1.What is the main topic of this passage?2.According to the passage, Duke Ellington worked as all of the following EXCEPT as a（）.3.Which of the following statements would the author of this passage most probably agree with?4.All of the following statements about Duke Ellington are true EXCEPT（）.问题1选项A.the life of Duke EllingtonB.the shift from jazz to swing musicC.the music of Duke EllingtonD.the development of jazz music问题2选项A.band leaderB.singerC.band managerposer问题3选项A.Duke Ellington’s resistance to ch ange caused the collapse of his musical career.B.Duke Ellington did most of his jazz compositions in collaboration with others.C.Duke Ellington’s classical compositions are his greatest contribution to music.D.Duke Ellington’s sophisticated musical s tyle greatly influenced the jazz genre.问题4选项A.He trained several bands to perform his jazz music.B.He had always performed with his own band.C.He was a major influence in jazz music.D.He composed many songs that defined a certain period.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B【解析】1.主旨题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Einstein was a man deeply （） to the ideal of the morally responsible scientist.问题1选项A.affectedmittedC.subjectedD.maintained【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。

affect “影响”；commit “承诺”；subject “使服从”,maintain “维修”。

爱因斯坦是一个决心成为有责任感的科学家的人。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题The word hospice is hundreds of years old. It comes to us from the time called the Middle Ages in Europe. Religious groups then provided hospice as a place where travelers could stay. Sometimes the groups also offered a place for the sick and the dying. Today the word hospice means more than a place. It means a way of caring for the dying. In the modem sense of the word, it means that, if possible, dying people can receive care at home during their last days； and the health-care workers do not try to lengthen the lives of the dying with modem medical equipment. Instead, care-givers make every effort to control or stop the patient’s pain. It also means that patients get help for their emotional needs in addition to their physical needs.A British woman Cicely Saunders was the first major activist for hospice care in modem times. Cicely Saunders worked as a nurse in a hospital right after World War II, where she met a man who was dying of cancer. Together they found ideas about the best possible treatment for people who would never get well again. They talked about treatments that would permit patients to discuss their feelings and to take part in activities meaningful to them. They planned a system that would allow dying people to be surrounded by the people and things they loved most. The dying man gave Cicely Saunders enough money to study to become a doctor. By 1967 Dr. Saunders had organized and opened S t. Christopher’s Hospice in London.In 1974, after the America’s first hospice started in New Haven, others followed suit in cities throughout the country. Organizers had a difficult job. They had to teach the public about the idea of hospice. They had to get money from companies, religious groups and citizens. And they had to negotiate with local governments to use public money to care for the dying. Thanks to their unyielding determination and painstaking efforts, hospice has grown in America. Dr. Jo Magno, the President of the National Hospice Organization, said that working with the dying occasionally made her sad. Yet she remembers the words of Dr. Cicely Saunders一“We cannot add days to life, but we can add life to days. ”1.What is the original meaning the word “hospice”？2.In the modern sense of the word, hospice includes all of the following EXCEPT3.What did Cicely and the man talk about?4.How did Cicely Saunders complete her study?5.Which is a correct statement about the early American hospice?问题1选项A.It was a place where the homeless old people were taken care of.B.It was a place where religious people lived.C.It was a place offered by churches for the travelers.D.It was a place where doctors treated patients.问题2选项A.a priest is invited to pray for the dying.B.a dying patient is taken care of at his home.C.efforts are made to reduce the pain of the dying people.D.the psychological needs of the dying are considered and cared for.问题3选项A.How to advise the hospital to treat the dying patients.B.How to make arrangement for the patients who had no hope of recovery.C.The meaningful activities for all patients to take part in.D.The kind of people that are allowed to visit the patients.问题4选项A.By working part-time.B.Be obtaining a fellowship.C.With the help of a man’s money.D.Through her management of St. Christopher’s Hospice.问题5选项A.It was an immediate success as a result of the effort by Dr. Cicely.B.It was probably not easy to persuade companies to provide financial support.C.Many people readily accepted the new idea.D.Local governments forbade what they did.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.词义理解题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（）a continuous mass of water on the Earth’s surface, all continents are islands in the strict sense of the word.问题1选项A.The form of the oceansB.Since the oceans formC.To form the oceansD.That the oceans form【答案】B【解析】语法知识。

考查状语从句，前半句是一个since 引导的时间状语从句。

句意“自从海洋在地球表面形成了一块整体的水域，所有的大洲从严格意义上来说都是岛屿。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题Competition, they believe, （）the national character than corrupt it.问题1选项A.enforcesB.confirmsC.intensifiesD.strengthens 【答案】D【解析】考查近义动词词义辨析。

enforce “强迫，强制”，confirm “确定”，intensify“使变得更强烈”，strengthen“增强力量”。

句意：他们相信竞争能增强民族性，而不是使民族堕落。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题What we today call American folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increa sing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits. Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics—whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans—have always shown a marked taste for portraiture. Starting in the late eighteenth century, the United States contained increasing numbers of such people, and of the artists who could meet their demands.The earliest American folk art portraits come, not surprisingly, from New England—especially Connecticut and Massachusetts-for this was a wealthy and populous region and the center of a strong craft tradition. Within a few decades after the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the population was pushing westward, and portrait painters could be found at work in western New York, Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri. Midway through its first century as a nation, the United States’ population had increased roughly five times, and eleven new states had been added to the original thirteen. During these years the demand for portraits grew and grew, eventually to be satisfied by the camera. In 1839 the daguerreotype was introduced to America, ushering in the age of photography, and within a generation the new invention put an end to the popularity of painted portraits. Once again an original portrait became a luxury, commissioned by the wealthy and executed by the professional.But in the heyday of portrait painting — from the late eighteenth century until t he 1850’s—anyone with a modicum of artistic ability could become a limner, as such a portraitist was called. Local craftspeople一sign, coach, and house painters一began to paint portraits as a profitable sideline; sometimes a talented man or woman who began by sketching family members gained a local reputation and was besieged with requests for portraits; artists found it worth their while to pack their paints, canvases, and brushes and to travel the countryside, often combining house decorating with portrait painting.1.In Lines 3-5 the author mentions seventeenth-century Dutch burghers as an example of a group that（）2.According to the passage，where were many of the first American folk art portraits painted?（）3.The word “this” in Line 8 refers to（）4.T he phrase “ushering in” in Line 14 is closest in meaning to（）5.According to the passage, which of the following contributed to a decline in the demand for paint portraits?（）问题1选项A.consisted mainly of self-taught artists.B.appreciated portraits.C.influenced American folk art.D.had little time for the arts.问题2选项A.In western New York.B.In Illinois and Missouri.C.In Connecticut and Massachusetts.D.In Ohio.问题3选项A.a strong craft tradition.B.American folk art.C.New England.D.western New York.问题4选项A.beginning.B.demanding.C.publishing.D.increasing.问题5选项A.The lack of a strong craft tradition.B.The westward migration of many painters.C.The growing preference for landscape paintings.D.The invention of the camera.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节理解题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题（）fire tests gold, so does adversity tests courage.问题1选项A.LikeB.AlikeC.Asparing【答案】C【解析】考查连词。

Like “像”，可作介词；alike “相同的，相似的”，可作形容词；as “像……”，可作介词；comparing “比较”，可作动词。

此处“fire tests gold” 为一个完整的句子，所以要用连词，句意：就好像真金不怕火炼一样，意志不畏艰难。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题Hardy’s weakness（）his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.问题1选项y inB.gave rise toC.shed light onD.derived from【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。

lie in “躺在”；give rise to “引起”；shed light on “使......清楚地显出；derive from“源自”。

句意：哈代的缺点一方面源于没有能力控制好各种不同的创作冲动，另一方面源于他不愿意去培养和保持那些充满活力和冒险的想法。

选项D符合题意。

3.单选题The international Olympic Games, regarded as the world’ s most prestigious athletic competition, take place once every the four years.问题1选项A.regardedB.prestigiousC.take placeD.the four years【答案】D【解析】固定短语错误，选项D应该是every four years “每四年”，句意：国际奥林匹克运动会，被认为是最著名的运动竞赛，每四年举办一次。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题在中国人的心目中，似乎没有一部书可以与《红楼梦》比肩，它既可以拥有亿万的读者,也带有众多的谜团。

它是中国古典小说的巅峰之作，有一般文化的人都可以读懂它，但是即便很有学问的人也不敢说尽解某奥妙……也正因为如此，近一百多年来，它被翻译成多种文字，在国外赢得越来越多的读者，为传播中国文化起到了积极的作用。

【答案】As for Chinese people, “A Dream of Red Mansions” is the greatest book that no book can compare with and hundreds of millions of people like to read. And there are also many mysteries in this book. It represents the pinnacle of Chinese classical novels and people who are half educated can read and understand it. But some learned people don’t dare to explain subtleties contained in it…Thus, it has been translated into various languages for about 100 years and accepted more and more foreign readers, which plays an active role in spreading Chinese culture.2.单选题（）a continuous mass of water on the Earth’s surface, all continents are islands in the strict sense of the word.问题1选项A.The form of the oceansB.Since the oceans formC.To form the oceansD.That the oceans form【答案】B 【解析】语法知识。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860’s to the mid-1880’s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half-dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive “Young Yale” movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard University simultaneously rallied to relieve the University’s poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standard in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.The old-style classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard University, where Dr. Charles Elliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasurer of Harvard led the progressive forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the five years of Dr. Elliot administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and engineering to a postgraduate level, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 1872-1873 and 1876-1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study or another was opened up —science, music，the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philosophy, and international law.1.The passage mainly deals with（）2.According to the passage, what can be inferred about Harvard University before the innovations?3.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about old-style classical education?4.Which of the following is not true?问题1选项A.innovations in the United States’ higher education in the late 1800s.B.Harvard University graduates’ success.C.the development of Harvard University.D.the aggressive “Young Yale” movement.问题2选项A.Courses were more practical.cators laid great stress on the maturity in student life.C.Admission standards were higher.D.Students were younger.问题3选项A.Most students majored in law.B.The courses were too difficult.C.The curriculum was not reasonable.D.Students could get Master’s degree in the liberal arts.问题4选项A.Several leaders in education made great efforts to promote the educational innovations.B.Church leaders influenced education a lot before the progressive change.C.College entrance requirements were elevated in the late 1800s.D.The sense of public duty was neglected in the late 1800s.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D【解析】1.信息推断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Mr. Smith became very（）when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.问题1选项A.ingeniousB.empiricalC.objectiveD.indignant【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

形容词词义辨折。

ingenious “有独创性的，机灵的”；empirical “经验主义的”；objective “客观的”；indignant “愤愤不平的”。

句意：当被指出犯了错误时，史密斯先生感到很气愤。

选项D符合题意。

2.单选题I am （） to Mr. Morrison because of the kindness and concern that he showed me when I first got here.问题1选项A.gratifiedB.indebtedC.dueD.desirous【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。

gratified “称心的，宽慰的”；indebted “感激的，受惠的”；due “到期的，应付的”；desirous “渴望的，想要的”。

句意：因为当我第一次到这儿时莫里森先生的友善和关心，我对此是感激的。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题In spite of the（）economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.问题1选项A.gloomyB.miserableC.shadowyD.obscure【答案】A【解析】考查近义词辨析。

gloomy “惨淡”miserable “悲惨的，痛苦的”；shadowy “模糊的”；obscure “晦涩的，不清楚的”。

in spite of表示转折，句子意思为：尽管经济前景不景气，但是制造业的产量略有上涨。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A team of researchers（） the problem of diseases connected with contaminated milk.问题1选项A.addressB.interactC.wonderD.react【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。

address “处理” ;interact “相互作用” ;wonder “想知道”; react “反应”。

句意：一组研究人员把这种疾病和被污染的牛奶联系起来。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题I’ll go to the airport tomorrow morning to （） a good friend who leaves for Australia. 问题1选项A.see offB.send offC.turn offD.say departure 【答案】A【解析】词组辨析。

see off“送别，送行”；send off“发送，派遣”；turn off“关掉，拐弯”；say departure“说离开”。

句意：明天早上我将去机场，跟我即将去往澳大利亚的朋友送别。

选项A符合题意。

3.单选题Grain production in the world is （）, but still millions go hungry.问题1选项A.staggeringB.shrinkingC.soaringD.suspending【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。

stagger “蹒跚，使交错”；shrink “收缩”；suspend“延缓，推迟”，soar “高涨”。

句意：世界的粮食产量正在上涨，但是成百万人仍在挨饿。

选项C符合题意。

4.翻译题Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and what it can do for us now than formerly. Summer homes，European vacations, travel, BMW' s—such items do not seem less in demand than they did a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot admit their dreams as easily and openly as they once could, lest they be thought of as pushing, acquisitive, and vulgar. For such people and many more perhaps not so outstanding, the proper action seems to be, “Succeed at all costs but refrain from appearing ambitious.”The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles, while its public defenders are few and ineffective. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and cultivated in the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the UnitedStates. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its urges, but only that since it is no longer openly honored, it is therefore less often openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground or made devious.【答案】当然，相比于从前，人们对于成功以及成功给我们带来的东西兴趣似乎不会减少。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Maisie had always thought of herself as being shy and （）,and was surprised that anyone should ask her opinion.问题1选项A.stutteringB.scatteringC.inarticulateD.inexpressive【答案】C【解析】形容词词义解析。

stuttering “ 口吃，结巴”；scattering “分散的”；inarticulate “不善于表达的”；inexpressive “无表情的，无意义的”。

句意：梅齐认为她是害羞而且不善表达的人，惊讶的是，竟然有人会问她的意见。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题As a （）actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments. 问题1选项A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

flexible “灵活的，柔韧的”；versatile “多才多艺的”；sophisticated “世故的”；productive “高产的”。

句意：作为一个多才多艺的演员，他会表演、唱歌、跳舞，而且会演奏很多种乐器。

选项B符合题意。

3.单选题Most readers underestimate the amount of rewriting it usually takes to produce a spontaneous reading. This is a great disadvantage to the student writer, who sees only a finished product and never watches the craftsman who takes the necessary step back, studies the work carefully, returns to the task, steps back, returns, steps back, again and again. Anthony Burgess, one of the most productive writers in the English speaking countries, admits, “I might revise a page twenty times.” Ronald Dahl, the popular children’s writer, states, By the time I’m nearing the end of a story, the first part will have been reread and changed and corrected at least 150 times... Good writing is essentially re-writing. I am positive of this. ’’ Rewriting isn’t something that ought to be done. It is simply something that most wr iters find they have to do to discover what they have to say and how to say it. It is a condition of the writer’s life.There are，however，a few writers who do little formal rewriting，primarily because they have the capacity and experience to create and review a large number of invisible drafts in their minds before they approach the page. And some writers slowly produce finished pages, performing all the tasks of revision，page by page. But it is still possible to see the sequence followed by most writers most of the time in rereading their own work.Most writers can scan their draft first，reading as quickly as possible to catch the larger problems of subject and form, then move in closer and closer as they read and write, reread and rewrite.1.What does the student writer fail to do?2.What do we know about Anthony Burgess?3.Why do some writers do little formal rewriting?4.What do most writers have in common?问题1选项A.To have enough time to devote to writing.B.To find his disadvantage in writing.C.To see his works complete.D.To observe other writers rewrite.问题2选项A.He is the first person to find the disadvantage of the student writer.B.He is a craftsman who always regrets what he has done and therefore redoes it.C.He has published many literary works.D.He enjoys writing on the same page many times.问题3选项A.Because they can do the mental rewriting.B.Because they are not positive of what they have to say or how to say it.C.Because they believe rewriting is not worthwhile.D.Because they have to find their pages first before they write.问题4选项A.Spending a great deal of time plotting and drafting.B.Performing all the tasks of revision at once.C.Spending most of their time reading other’s works.D.Rereading and rewriting their works.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:A 第4题:D【解析】1.细节理解题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题That man claimed to be a(n) （）of Confucius.问题1选项A.descendingB.ascendingC.descendantD.offspring【答案】C【解析】近义词辨析。

Descending “下降”，ascending“上升”，descendant “后裔；子孙”，offspring “后代；产物”，offspring 作复数，句意：那个人自称是孔子的后代。

所以C符合题意。

2.单选题The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied（） in the area on the night of the fire.问题1选项A.to beB.to have beenC.having beenD.be 【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。

Deny doing sth. “否认做过某事”。

句意：警察指控他在大厦纵火，但是他否认他在场当火灾发生时。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题What we today call American folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperit y and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits. Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics—whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans—have always shown a marked taste for portraiture. Starting in the late eighteenth century, the United States contained increasing numbers of such people, and of the artists who could meet their demands.The earliest American folk art portraits come, not surprisingly, from New England—especially Connecticut and Massachusetts-for this was a wealthy and populous region and the center of a strong craft tradition. Within a few decades after the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the population was pushing westward, and portrait painters could be found at work in western New York, Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, and Missouri. Midway through its first century as a nation, the United States’ population had increased roughly five times, and eleven new states had been added to the original thirteen. During these years the demand for portraits grew and grew, eventually to be satisfied by the camera. In 1839 the daguerreotype was introduced to America, ushering in the age of photography, and within a generation the new invention put an end to the popularity of painted portraits. Once again an original portrait became a luxury, commissioned by the wealthy and executed by the professional.But in the heyday of portrait painting —from the late eighteenth century until the 1850’s—anyone with a modicum of artistic ability could become a limner, as such a portraitist was called. Local craftspeople一sign, coach, and house painters一began to paint portraits as a profitable sideline; sometimes a talented man or woman who began by sketching family members gained a local reputation and was besieged with requests for portraits; artists found it worth their while to pack their paints, canvases, and brushes and to travel the countryside, often combining house decorating with portrait painting.1.In Lines 3-5 the author mentions seventeenth-century Dutch burghers as an example of a group that（）2.According to the passage，where were many of the first American folk art portraits painted?（）3.The word “this” in Line 8 refers to（）4.The phrase “ushering in” in Line 14 is closest in meaning to（）5.According to the passage, which of the following contributed to a decline in the demandfor paint portraits?（）问题1选项A.consisted mainly of self-taught artists.B.appreciated portraits.C.influenced American folk art.D.had little time for the arts.问题2选项A.In western New York.B.In Illinois and Missouri.C.In Connecticut and Massachusetts.D.In Ohio.问题3选项A.a strong craft tradition.B.American folk art.C.New England.D.western New York.问题4选项A.beginning.B.demanding.C.publishing.D.increasing.问题5选项A.The lack of a strong craft tradition.B.The westward migration of many painters.C.The growing preference for landscape paintings.D.The invention of the camera.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.细节理解题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Stanley was（）by what I had said and when I realized this, I apologized to him for being so tactless.问题1选项A.woundedB.frustratedC.resentedD.offended【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。

Wound“伤害，使受伤”；frustrate“挫败，阻挠”；resent“怨恨，愤恨”；offend“冒犯”。

句意：斯坦利对我的话感到了被冒犯，当我意识到这一点，我为我的不得体向他道歉。

2.单选题Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more（） emotion.问题1选项pellingB.abidingC.violentD.sophisticated【答案】B【解析】形容词词义辨析。

compelling “引人注目的”；abiding “持久的”；violent “暴力的”；sophisticate “复杂的”。

句意：乐趣是在一种行为中体会到的。

快乐是在行为之后体会到的。

快乐的感受更深一些，并且更加持久一些。

选项B符合题意。

3.翻译题这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。

虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。

【答案】Although this current visit to Taiwan for exchange was very cursory, we saw many places, visit old friends and make some new friends. The most important topic we talked about was how to build a prosperous China in the 21s when we got together. Teenagers living in our mainland and Taiwan have their own various life experience because of the different social environments, but the marks of our splendid traditions of Chinese culture are engraved in their innermost hearts. We all hold the common ideal of revitalizing the Chinese nation.4.单选题The （）feature in Ted’s character was pride; he couldn’t ever think of depending on anyone but himself.问题1选项A.controllingB.prevailingC.predominantD.primary【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A noisy aggressive cousin of the crow, the magpie has those bird’ s thievish habits.问题1选项A.A noisyB.aggressiveC.thoseD.habits【答案】A【解析】根据题意，如果noisy和aggressive是并列的关系，共同修饰cousin，那么应该用and来连接，所以noisy应该用来修饰aggressive，改为noisily副词形式，句意：喜鹊是乌鸦吵闹好斗的近亲，也有鸟那种偷偷摸摸的习性。

选项A符合题意。

2.单选题Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2, 900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to thei r bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmer’s mouth. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit.In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the diver’s head. To “clean” the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices.In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the water. Finally, in 1837, he invented the “hard-hat suit” that was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But there were two dangers to the diver inside the “hard-hat suit”. One was t he sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was the crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill the diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death.Gradually the “hard-hat suit” was improved so that the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could then move around under the ocean without worrying about the air supply.During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breathing device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmer’ s speed another new invention was used： a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of the diver’s own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneath them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life that had never been obtained in the past.The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a “scuba”.Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouth-piece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to the diver’s back. The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about the wonders of the sea.1.The main progress mentioned in this passage was （）.2.An invention of an Italian professor（） .3.Siebes’ invention was not a perfect one, because（） .4.The word “scuba” is（） .问题1选项A.an Italian professor invented a large air bagB.men invented the best diving devicesC.an Italian painter designed a complete diving suitD.an air bag问题2选项A.worked out very wellB.can “clean” the airC.inspired later inventionsD.was used to remove moisture问题3选项A.too small a supply of air could result in a sudden rise to the surfaceB.a sudden dive into deep water could cause the crushing of the bodyC.the air pipe attached to a machine could be above the surfaceD.both A and B问题4选项A.a certain diver’s nameB.an original English wordd by the inventorD.an acronym【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D【解析】1.信息推断题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题A visitor to a museum today would notice （）changes in the way museums are operated.问题1选项A.cognitiveB.rigorousC.conspicuousD.exclusive【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

cognitive “认知的”；rigorous “严格的，严厉的”；conspicuous “显著的”；exclusive “唯一的，独有的”。

句意：如果今天去博物馆参观，就会注意到博物馆的经营方式发生了显著的变化。

选项C符合题意。

2.单选题“Tear’ em apart “Kill the fool!” “Murder the referee!”These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made, they may seem innocent enough. But let’s not kid ourselves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. Volumes have been written about the way words affect us. It has been shown that words having certain connotations may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior. I see the term “opponent” as one of those words. Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.The dic tionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “adversary”，“enemy”，“one who opposes your interests. ’，Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times, winning may dominate one’s intellect, and every ac tion, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world. Replacing the term “opponent” with “associate” c ould be an ideal way to start.The dictionary meaning of the term “associate” is “colleague”；“friend”；“companion.” Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term 1.“associate” rather than “opponent.”Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view?2.Harsh words are spoken during games because the players （）3.What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?4.According to the passage, players in a game may （）.问题1选项A.Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.B.The words people use can influence their behavior.C.Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes.D.Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field.问题2选项A.are too eager to winB.are usually short-tempered and easily offendedC.cannot afford to be polite in fierce competitionD.treat their rivals as enemies问题3选项A.He refused to continue the game.B.He angrily hit the referee with a ball.C.He claimed that the referee was unfair.D.He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.问题4选项A.deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their wayB.keep on screaming and shouting throughout the gameC.lie down on the ground as an act of protestD.dash with the ball across the court with force【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I bought an alarm clock with a(n) （） dial which can be seen clearly in the dark.问题1选项A.supersonicB.luminousC.audibleD.amplified【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。

supersonic “超音速的，超声波的”；luminous “发光的，明亮的”；audible “听得见的”；amplified “放大的，扩充的”。

句意：我买了一个带发光钟面的闹钟，在黑夜里也可以看得很清楚。

选项B符合题意。

2.单选题Always since the creation of celluloid, plastics have been found to have a multitude of industrial and com mercial uses.问题1选项A.AlwaysB.plasticsC.to haveD.a multitude of【答案】A【解析】根据题意，A选项句首应该为ever since“自从”，句意：自从发明了电影胶片，人们发现塑料有很多商业和工业的用途。

选项A符合题意。

3.单选题（）fire tests gold, so does adversity tests courage.问题1选项A.LikeB.AlikeC.Asparing【答案】C【解析】考查连词。

Like “像”，可作介词；alike “相同的，相似的”，可作形容词；as “像……”，可作介词；comparing “比较”，可作动词。

此处“fire tests gold” 为一个完整的句子，所以要用连词，句意：就好像真金不怕火炼一样，意志不畏艰难。

选项C符合题意。

4.单选题The（）of computer technology has led to major changes in our social and family life.问题1选项A.fraudulenceB.arrivalC.dawnD.advent【答案】D【解析】名词词义解析。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-南京大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The international Olympic Games, regarded as the world’ s most prestigious athletic competition, take place once every the four years.问题1选项A.regardedB.prestigiousC.take placeD.the four years【答案】D【解析】固定短语错误，选项D应该是every four years “每四年”，句意：国际奥林匹克运动会，被认为是最著名的运动竞赛，每四年举办一次。

选项D符合题意。

2.单选题As our work is not done yet, I’m in no（） to go out for a movie tonight.问题1选项A.mindB.temperC.moodD.disposition 【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。

A, B, D选项均没有这种搭配，in no mood 为固定搭配，意为“没有心情”。

句意：我们的工作还没完成，我今晚没有心情出去看电影。

选项C符合题意。

3.单选题My eldest sister went on with the story and young children around her（）with wonderful!” from time to time.问题1选项A.broke outB.broke offC.broke inD.broke up【答案】C【解析】动词词组辨析。

break out “爆发，突发”；break off “折断，突然停止”；break in “打断，闯入”；break up “打碎，结束”，句意：我的姐姐继续讲故事，围在她身边的小孩子时不时地打断欢呼“太棒了！”。