铁道车辆专业英语课文翻译
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枕木sleeper轨枕crossing平交道口multiple unti动车组high-speed railways高速铁路maglev磁力悬浮火车centrifugal force 离心力emergency brake handle 紧急制动手柄metro地铁light rail轻轨铁路commuter train通勤车tanker罐车operation 运转操作infrastructure下部构造platform站台EMU电力牵引动车组DMU内燃牵引动车组cushioning减震缓冲electricity-air control 电空控制antiskid防滑装置bolster枕rotational resistance回转阻hunting蛇行narrow-gauge窄轨bolster springs摇枕弹簧damper减震器阻尼器longitudinalanti-yawing dampers纵向抗蛇行减震器disc brakes 盘形制动traction transfer device 牵引装置wheel tread brakes踏面制动tread gradient踏面斜self-steering自导向Vehicle Suspension车辆悬挂cushion system缓冲装置vertical movement垂向振动primary suspension一系悬挂装secondary suspension 二系悬挂装置车钩coupler摇枕bolster乘务员crew轴箱axlebox棚车boxcar封闭车housing car保温refrigerator car牲畜车stock car漏斗车hopper罐车tank car集装箱container车体carboy复合车combine car邮政车railway post office圆顶车dome转向架bogie瞭望车observation car缓冲器draft gear行李车baggage car卧铺车sleeping car旁承side bearer制动缸brake cylinder侧梁side beams横梁cross beamscrosstie敞车gondola 英译汉1.The basic design of apassenger car hasn”t changed muchsince the middle of the 19thcentury,but there are severaldifferent passenger car types inservice around the world.2.自19世纪中期以来，客车的基本设计没有发生多大改变，但仍有不同形式的客车在全世界范围内使用。
3.The cars on a freight train areseldom all alike. They are usually ofmany sizes and perhaps manycolors ,and there are different kindsof cars for different kinds of freight.4.组成一列货物列车的车辆很少全部是一种类型。
通常有很多类型和不同颜色，各种不同类型的车辆是针对不同的货物而设计。
5.Gondolas are used to shipheavy and or bulk commodities suchas scrap metal, aggregates,woodchips ,finished steel,and structural ordimensional products such as steelbeams and poles.6.敞车用来运送质量较重或是散装货物，如废金属，蔬菜，木头，钢材制品以及钢梁和钢棒等型材。
7.Now that passenger cars werelighter,they were able to carryheavier loads,but the size of theaverage passenger that rode in themdidn’t increase to match the cars’new capacities.8.现在的客车比以前更轻而且承载能力更强。
但是普通客车承载容量的增大不能满足客车新的承载需求。
9.Cars can be coupled togetherinto a train,either hauled by alocomotive or self-pow-ered.10.多节车辆连挂构成列车，由机车牵引或自带动力。
11.Many facilities are nowapplied to passenger carrying carswhich contribute to the comfort andsome to the entertainment ofpassengers, such as air conditioningand public address system.12.现在为了提高客车舒适性和满足公众娱乐，在客车上采用了许多设施，如空调，公共服务场所。
13.Ensure good ride comfort byabsorbing vibration generated bytrack irregularities and minimizingimpact of centrifugal forces whentrain runs on curves at high speed.14.通过吸收线路不平顺引起的震动和减小高速通过曲线时离心力的冲击确保乘坐舒适。
15.Swing hanger bogie andsmall lateral stiffness bolster springbogie.16.摇动台悬挂转向架和小横向刚度摇枕弹簧悬挂转向架。
17.Although the swing hangertype achieves good ride comfort byminimizing horizontal stiffness ofthe suspension gear,its maintenanceis relatively difficult due to thecomplex structure and large numberof wearing parts.18.虽然通过减小悬挂装置的水平刚度，摇动台悬挂转向架获得了较好的乘坐舒适性，但由于结构复杂，磨耗部件多，其维护较困难。
19.In the 1980s,a bolsterlessbogie was commercialized toimprove performance by reducingthe number of parts and the bogieweight.20.20世纪80年代，无摇枕转向架实现了商业化，该转向架通过减少零部件的数量和转向架的重量来改善转向架的性能。
21.Corrugated wheels with acorrugates outer face have beencommercialized to boostrigidity ,while reducing platethickness and weight.22.波形（S形）辅板车轮减小了辅板厚度和降低自重的同时提高了车轮刚度，所以批量生产。
23.The big advantage of suchdrives is that all the weight of themotor is carried in the bogieframe(so it is a frame mountedmotor)instead of it being directlysupported by the axle and thereforepartially unsprung.24.这种驱动（空心轴）装置最大的优点是电机的重量不在作为部分簧下重量直接由车轴承担，而是全部由转向架构架承担（架悬式电机）。
25.It was recognized very earlyin the development of railways thatthe interface between vehicle bodyand wheel needed some sort ofcushion system to reduce thevibration felt as the train movedalong the line.26.在铁路发展早期，大家普遍认为：在车轮和轮对连接处需要安装一些缓冲系统来较低列车运行时的震动，27.This system was based on asteel plate framed bogie withlaminate spring axleboxsuspension ,much as seen on the firstvehicles,and with a secondarysuspension added between the carbody and the bogie.28.该系统（悬挂系统）由装在构架上的叠板弹簧轴箱悬挂构成。
这种系统在早期车辆中比较多见，并且在车体和转向架之间装有二系悬挂装置。
29.Apart from the provision ofa better ride,air suspension has one additional feature rare on conventional steel or rubber suspension systems~the ability to provide an accurate load/weight signal which an be used to modify the acceleration and braking of a multiple unit train.30.除了具有较好的运行性能，空气弹簧悬挂还有另外一个特点，它可以为动车组列车提供准确的载重信号从而来操控加速或制动，这一特点在普通的钢弹簧悬挂和橡胶弹簧悬挂系统中是没有的。
31.The bolster bogie was developed first. A fundamental characteristic of the bogie is that it must rotate relative to the body on curves,while retaining high rotational resistance duringhigh-speed running on straight sections in order to prevent wheelset hunting that reduces ride comfort.To achieve these characteristics,the bolster bogie has a center pivot that serves as the center of rotation,and side bearers that resist rotation32.,摇枕转向架首先被改进。
