40G IN Chinese

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40Gand 100G in the Data Center 数据中心中的40G和100G 40G interconnects in the data center are poised to take off as all the various servers, switch, cabling and transceivers parts have finally come together. After about 6-months delay, Intel finally released its next generation "Romley" architecture offering 10-cores per microprocessor and the PCI Express 3.0 bus supporting faster I/O. Now the servers and switches are ready to go and the 40G interconnects using Direct Attach Copper (DAC), Active Optical Cables (AOCs) and optical transceivers poised to take off as the data center infrastructure is finally ready to start its major upgrade cycle.

当各种各样的服务器、交换机、布线和收发器最终能协调运作时, 数据中心中的40G互连要出炉了。在6个月延迟之后,Intel最终发布了其下一代“Romley” 架构,可以使每个微处理器有10核、PCI Express 3.0 bus 支持更快I/O. 现在服务器和交换机日渐成熟,使用直插电缆(DAC)、

有源光缆(AOCs)和光收发器的40G 互连将耀世登场。数据中心基础设施终于迎来了它新一轮重要升级周期。

10G Facing Many Issues 10G 面临很多问题 Once the server upgrades, faster uplinks to top-of-rack switches are needed. But the 1G-to-10G transition is fraught with issues. In the past, server supplier included 1GbE RJ-45 LAN--on- motherboard (LOM) for "free" but a dual port 10GBASE-T today cost far too much. With Cat5e almost free as well, the interconnect was never a serious cost issue. Now it is. Server companies offer 10G ports on pluggable "daughter cards" that block out aftermarket competitors and insure high prices. Daughter cards come in different flavors of 1G and 10GBASE-T, 2-4 SFP+ ports or dual QSFP with a path to 100G CXP and CFP/2 in the future. As server manufacturers are making a lot of money on the 10G/40G upgrades, this begs the question, "Will server companies ever return to the LOM model where buyers consider it a free-be?". Our answer is yes, but just in time for the jump to 40G! 10GBASE-T has had problems with high power consumption, size and cost and has left the door open for SFP+ DAC cabling to move in while 10GBASE-T suppliers build 28-nm parts. This changed the entire industry. But DAC has its share of issues as it "electrically" connects two different systems together and not all SFP+ ports are alike. LightCounting estimates that 2012 will show about 1 million 10GBASE-T ports actually filled representing about 500,000 links - almost what can be found in a single large data center today with 1GBASE-T! SFP+ DAC is shaping up to be about 2.5-3.5 million ports filled linking servers to top-of-rack switches at <7 meters. SFP+ AOCs are on the near term horizon whereas optical transceivers are typically used to link switches together over reaches out to 100 meters. LightCounting forecasts about 6 million 10G SFP+ SR and LR optical transceivers will ship in 2012.

一旦服务器升级,架顶式(top-of-rack)交换机的上行链路需要更高速度。但是从1G 到10G的过渡过程中充满坎坷。过去,服务器供应商自带 1GbE RJ-45 LAN-on-motherboard 是免费的。但是 现在一个双端口 10GBASE-T价格不菲。Cat5e 差不多是免费的,互连绝过去绝不是一个严重的成本问题,而现在却是。服务器公司出售 10G端口,可以安在可插拔的“子卡”上,这样断了后续市场竞争者的后路,并垄断着高价格。子卡可以和1G、10GBASE-T、2-4 SFP+ 端口和双端口QSFP合用。将来还会跟100GCXP和CFP/2搭配使用。由于服务器公司在10G/40G升级上赚了大笔的钱,大家会问这样一个问题:“服务器公司是否会回到LOM 模式,购买者将不需要付钱?”我们的回答:会的。但是只是在过渡到40G之前!10GBASE-T在高功耗、尺寸和成本上都有问题,所以,当10GBASE-T厂商在开发28-nm版本之时,使SFP+ DAC乘虚而入。这使整个行业格局发生了很大变化。但是DAC也有它的问题。由于它电连接两个不同的系统,不是所有的SFP+端口是相同的。LightCounting 预计2012年会有100万 10GBASET端口使用SFP+DAC,大约是50万个链路—几乎是一个使用1GBASE-T大数据中心的所有链路。SFP+DAC 将会连接大约250

万-350万个端口,连接服务器和架顶式交换机,距离小于7米。 SFP+AOCs近期有望浮出水面。而光收发器则典型地用来连接交换机,连接距离一直可达100米。LightCounting预计2012年10GSFP+SR和 LR光收发器的出货量大约是6百万个。

40G the "next big thing" 40G 下一个“热门” Upgrading server-switch links from 1G to 10G, forces switch uplinks to jump to 40G connecting top-of-rack to end-of-row and aggregation switch layers. As data center operators emerge from the economic recession, budgets are still very tight and "incremental upgrades" are the way operators are buying. Adding 10G/40G links "as needed" is the current buying practice. While "100G" seems to get all the trade show and press coverage, 40G is where the money is for the next 2-3 years. Data centers are just hitting the need for about 4-6G - not yet 10G; so many data centers are in a transitional, upgrade-as-needed state. The Google, Facebook, Microsoft etc. so called Mega Data Centers at $1 billion a piece do not represent the main stay of the data center although they garner a lot of attention and awe.

服务器-交换机的链路从1G更新到10G, 使得交换机上行链路要增加到40G,来连接TOR(Top Of

Rack)交换机到EOR(End Of Row)交换机直到汇聚交换层。数据中心运营商刚从经济危机的阴霾中站起,预算仍然紧张。“递增式升级“是运营商的投资策略。增加“必需的”10G/40G链路是目前的投资。尽管“100G”似乎得到展会和媒体的高度关注,但是40G却是未来2-3年赚钱的产品。数据中心才开始需要4-6G-还没有到10G。所以,很多数据中心仍然处于过度、“必需要才升级”的状态。尽管Google、Facebook、Microsoft 等所谓的10亿美元超级数据中心使万人瞠目,但是它们并不代表数据中心主流。