科学实验室建筑设计规范 删节

4.2 通用实验室第4.2.1条通用实验室标准单元组合设计应满足使用要求，并与通风柜、实验台及实验仪器设备的布置、结构选型以及管道空间布置紧密结合。

第4.2.2条通用实验室标准单元开间应由实验台宽度、布置方式及间距决定。

实验台平行布置的标准单元，其开间不宜小于6.60m。

第4.2.3条通用实验室标准单元进深应由实验台长度、通风柜及实验仪器设备布置决定，且不宜小于6.60m；无通风柜时，不宜小于5.70m。

第4.2.4条由1/2个标准单元组成的通用实验室，靠两侧墙布置的边实验台之间的净距不应小于1.60m。

当靠一侧墙改为布置通风柜或实验仪器设备时，其与另一侧实验台之间的净距不应小于1.50m。

第4.2.5条由一个标准单元组成的通用实验室，靠两侧墙布置的边实验台与房间中间布置的岛式或半岛式中央实验台之间的净距不应小于1.60m。

当靠侧墙或房间中间改为布置通风柜或实验仪器设备时，其与实验台之间的净距不应小于1.50m。

岛式实验台端部与外墙之间的净距不应小于6.60m。

第4.2.6条按第4.2.4条和第4.2.5条规定布置的通用实验室，如一侧墙或两侧墙靠近外墙部位开设通向其它空间的门时，其相应的净距应增加0.10m。

第4.2.7条由一个以上标准单元组成的通用实验室，实验台之间或实验台与实验仪器设备之间的净距应符合第4.2.4条、第4.2.5条和第4.2.6条的规定。

当连续布置两台及以上岛式实验台时，其端部与外墙之间的净距不应小于1m。

第4.2.8条岛式或半岛式中央实验台不宜与外窗平行布置。

必须与外窗平行布置时，其与外墙之间的净距不应小于1.30m。

第4.2.9条不宜贴靠有窗外墙布置边实验台，不应贴靠有窗外墙布置需要公用设施供应的边实验台。

第4.2.10条靠侧墙布置的边实验台的端部与走道墙之间的净距不宜小于1.20m。

中央实验台的端部与走道墙之间的净距不应小于1.20m。

当实验室设置向室内退进的门斗时，则实验台端部与退进门斗的墙之间的净距不应小于1.20m。

第4.2.11条当通风柜的操作面与实验台端部相对布置时，其间的净距不应小于1.20m。

第4.2.12条通用实验室宜由一个或一个以上标准单元组成。

第4.2.13条通用实验室宜集中靠建筑物外墙布置。

设置空气调节的通用实验室宜布置在北向。

4.5 公用设施用房及管道空间第4.5.1条公用设施用房第4.5.1.1条公用设施用房包括制冷机房、空调机房、排风机房、给排水及水处理用房、变配电室、电讯室、气体供应室等。

第4.5.1.2条公用设施用房宜靠近相应的使用负荷中心布置。

第4.5.1.3条公用设施用房布置于地下室时，应采取防潮、防水及通风等措施。

第4.5.2条管道空间第4.5.2.1条管道空间分为管道井、管道走廊和管道技术层三种，其尺寸及位置应按建筑标准单元组合设计、公用设施系统设计、安装及维护检修的要求确定。

第4.5.2.2条建筑物内管道不多时，宜采用管道井。

集中式管道井应设检修门；分散式管道井设检修门有困难时，应在管道阀门部位设检修口。

第4.5.2.3条建筑物内管道多且设管道井无法满足要求时，应设管道走廊或管道技术层，并均应设检修门。

4.6 实验室建筑设备第4.6.1条通风柜第5章安全和防护7.1一般规定Following is the brief translation of outlines:Science Laboratory Construction Designing RegulationsSection 1: General principles.1.0.1 Purpose of this regulation: standardizing the lab design for application, safety, and hygiene.1.0.2 Applicable to the design of labs in investigation centers, enterprises, colleges, etc.1.0.3 Lab design should be technical, reliable, economizing, apply to requirements of quality control, saving source, environment protection.1.0.4 Apply to other relative regulations.Section 2: Glossary2.0.1 Scientific experimentation construction2.0.2 Experiment construction2.0.3 Supplement construction2.0.4 Public service construction2.0.5 General lab2.0.6 Specific Lab: Labs which have specific environmental requirements (such astemperature constant, humidity constant, clean, germ-free, shockproof, radiation-proof, electromagnetic interference-proof, etc) and exact specific experiment equipments.2.0.7 Investigation center2.0.8 Standard unit combination design2.0.9 Micro culture room2.0.10 Balance room (+/-0.1-0.01mg)2.0.11 High precision balance room (+/-0.002-0.001mg)2.0.12 Front room/changing room2.0.13 Preparation room2.0.14 Micro lab2.0.15 Pipe well2.0.16 Pipe hall2.0.17 Pipe technical level2.0.18 Lash-up shower2.0.19 Reaction pond2.0.20 Lab work grounding2.0.21 Power grounding2.0.22 Protection grounding2.0.23 Specific protection grounding2.0.24 Lightning-proof groundingSection 3: Base selection and plane design3.1 Base selection3.2 Plane design3.2.1 Applying scientific lab working requirements3.2.2 Should include plane collocation and vertical design of all constructions, outdoor lab spaces, road; public services design; and environmental design3.2.3 Should use the original landform, spaces, public services3.2.4 All rooms should be centralized, with reasonable composition, convenient to contact.3.2.5 No residence in lab area3.2.6 Constructions with radiated, explosive, poisonous and contaminated materials should be designed according to regulations of safety, protection, evacuation, and environment protection.3.2.7 Public services: saving source, environment protection3.2.8 Pipes for public services should be located according to outdoor design3.2.9 Environment designSection 4: Construction design4.1 General rules4.1.3 Window4.1.3.1 Labs with air conditions, should decrease the out window area with enough lighting in premise. Out window should be airproof and adiabatic, the better with flexible sash (>1/3 window area)4.1.3.2 Windows of ground floor and basement should be mothproof4.1.4 Door4.1.4.1 Lab door with ½ standard unit (width>1.0m, height>2.1m)Lab door with more than ½ standard unit (width>1.2m, height>2.1m)4.1.4.2 Apply different requirements for specific doors4.1.4.3 Should have view window4.1.4.4 Out door should be mothproof4.1.5 Walkway4.1.5.1 WidthWalkway type Net widthRoom in one side Room in both sidesSingle walkway 1.30 1.60Double or more 1.30 1.504.1.5.2 Step4.1.6 Stairs4.1.7 Lift4.1.8 Toilet4.1.9 Cleaning stuff room4.1.10 Changing room (each person area>0.6m2)4.1.11 Lighting4.1.12 Sound insulation4.1.13 Shockproof4.1.14 Room net height4.1.15 Room fitment4.1.15.1 Floor and stairs of lab and walkway should be wearable, waterproof, skid-proof, dustproof; surface of wall and roof should be light, no flash, damp-proof, dustproof4.1.15.2 Floor of lab with acid and alkali should be anticorrosion; lab with much water should have drain4.1.15.3 Between wall and wall, wall and floor, wall and roof, the better have hemicycle corner with radii > 0.05m4.1.15.4The better no roof in general lab4.1.15.5 Lab which needs roof should use flexible one4.2 General lab4.3 Specific lab4.3.1 Width and depth of specific lab combined with standard units should be designed according to equipment size, installation and maintaining requirements.4.3.2 Labs with specific requirements of temperature and humidity should be designed accordingly4.3.3 Micro culture room4.3.3.1 Should have front room/changing room (>8m2, separate cabinets for lab clothes and daily clothes), preparation room, micro culture room, sanitizing room, cleaning room.4.3.3.2 If have more than one culture rooms nearby, one big changing room at the entrance is ok 4.3.3.3 Should locate at the end of construction, the better with no window, if have window, should use double airproof glasses and window shade to prevent contamination4.3.3.4 Micro culture area should be separated from other areas with brick wall, and different culture rooms should be separated with airproof glass partition wall4.3.3.5 Door on the airproof glass partition wall should use double acting door4.3.3.6 Should have space for sanitizing facility4.3.4 Balance room4.3.5 Microscope room4.3.6 Spectrometer analysis room4.3.7 Radioactivity isotope lab (open and hermetic)4.4 Investigation center, academic center, books and reference room4.5 Public service room and pipe space4.6 Lab construction facility4.6.1 Fume hood4.6.1.1 Should use standard design products4.6.1.2 Lab with air-condition should use energy saving fume hood4.6.1.3 Fume hood internal lining board and work stand should be wearable, fire resistant, high- temperature endurable, perishing resistant, waterproof and easy to clean, and should have discal work stand and hypanthial drain, surface of it should be perishing and fire resistant, waterproof 4.6.1.4 Public service pipe inside fume hood should be covered, fittings inside should be perishing and fire resistant. All Valves, switches, and power supply sockets should be set outside the hood 4.6.1.5 Window sash and other glass fittings should be clear and safe4.6.1.6 Selection and location of fume hood should strictly apply construction standard unit combination design4.6.1.7 Fume hood should be set near pipe well or pipe hall, should be kept away from entrances or exits. In lab without air condition, hood should be kept away from window, and away from intake in lab with air condition. If discrepancy happens between these two, should adjust the location of intake4.6.2 Test stand4.6.3 Article cabinetSection 5: Safety and protection5.1 General rules5.2 Fireproofing and evacuation5.3 Chemical harm prevention5.4 Micro harm preventionSection 6: Heating, aeration, air conditioning, refrigerationSection 7: Gas pipe7.1 General rules7.2 Pipe, valve, fittings7.3 Pipe connection7.4 Safety techniqueSection 8: Water supply, draining, sewage disposalSection 9: Electric9.1 Electric distribution and supply9.2 Lighting9.3 GroundingAttachment: categories of microorganisms and virus。