河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义(051)现在完成时与从句、状语连用等其他常考知识点总结整理
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1 2020年河北衡水高中英语新高考语法学习讲义（051）现在完成时与从句、状语连用等其他常考知识点总结整理
01. 现在完成时与宾语从句连用
现在完成时也可以用在由过去时引述的间接引语之中，尤其在报刊中，表示报道者相信间接引语是真理或是客观事实。如：
The investigation proved that he has done his best.
调查结果说明他是尽了最大努力的。
It was reported on Sunday that the lunar module has been
found with astronauts on board.
据星期日的报道，上面载有宇航员的登月舱已经找到。
02. 现在完成时与状语连用
❶现在完成时可以和 now，this morning，today，this week，this
month等包括现在在内的时间状语连用。如：
It has rained every day this week.
这个星期每天下雨。
I have written to my mother this month.
这个月我给我妈妈写过信。
Have you seen Tom today?
你今天见过汤姆吗？
I have seen him only once this year.
我今年只见过他一次。
2 ❷现在完成时可以和表笼统的过去时间的状语连用，如 just，ever，often，always，never，seldom，already, sometimes，recently，lately，formerly，before，in the past，in the past few days等。如：
We have often taken the children to the park.
我们常带孩子们去公园。
I have sometimes played football.
我有时踢足球。
Have you ever been to China?
你到过中国吗？
Brandon has never been there.
布兰登从来没有去过那儿。
I have never heard of him.
我从未听说过他。
—Have you ever been anywhere for a trip?
—A trip? I away from my hometown even once.
A. went
B. have gone
C. have been
D. never been
【答案选D】系动词+away表示离开，根据句意even once“甚至一次”，应为从未离开过。
3
❸英语中有些动词，如 read, write，eat，drink等，作为不及物动词，可以单独用于一般时态、进行时态和完成进行时态，但后面有状语时，可用于完成时态。如：
Herny has read widely.
亨利博览群书。
Tom has smoked heavily.
汤姆抽烟特多。
❹现在完成时可以和during，before，after，for，from，in等介词或介词短语连用。如：
He has usually finished all his correspondence before bedtime.
他通常都在就寝前将所有信件处理完毕。
After six years, a quite different Smith has emerged.
六年之后，史密斯变得判若两人了。
Have you been here long?
你在这里很久了吗？
The state has not existed from all eternity.
国家并非从来就有。
❺现在完成时可以和how，why，where等疑问副词连用。如：
Why has he run away?
4 他为什么跑掉啦？
Where have you been?
你上哪儿去啦？
How have you done it?
你做得怎么样？
注意：
现在完成时也可和疑问副词 when连用，但往往作为一种修辞手段，有反问的口气。如：
When have you lost your heart?
难道你有气馁过的时候吗？
When have you ever been accustomed to being treated like
this?
你什么时候吃过这一套？
❻现在完成时可以与连词when，while，after等所引导的状语从句连用。如：
Have you been here while I was out?
你在我出去时曾来过吗？
I haven't studied English when I was at school.
我上学时没有学过英语。
5 The director and deputy director of the factory have been
sacked after an explosion killed 58.
那个工厂发生爆炸致58人死亡之后，厂长和副厂长都被撤职了。
❼现在完成时也可用在when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句中。这种从句中用现在完成时表示强调动作的完成或结果，或强调从句的动作与主语的动作之间有时间间隔。如：
I'll go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.
我完成作业后就去参加聚会。（强调完成）
When they have been frightened, dairy cows may refuse to give
milk.
奶牛受惊后可能会不产奶。（强调结果）
They often go for a walk after they have had supper.
他们晚饭后经常去散步。（强调动作的先后）
❽现在完成时可以用于because引导的原因状语从句中表示原因。如：
She can drive by herself now because she s passed her test.
她现在可以独立开车了，因为她已经通过了驾驶考试。
We cannot cross the river because the water has risen.
因为河水涨了，我们过不了河。
Estelle can do it quite well now because she has tried many
times.
6 爱斯特尔已经试过好多次了，因此她现在可以做得很好。
03. 现在完成时与其他时态连用
❶现在完成时常和一般过去时连用，有三种情况：
一般过去时的动作或状态发生在先，现在完成时的动作或状态发生在后。如：
My friend gave it to me, and I have since kept it in the drawer.
这是我的朋友给我的，我一直把它保存在这个抽屉里。
I have been ill since I last saw her.
自从我上次见她后我就病了。
Who do you think had done it? Did you have any enemies?
你看这事是谁干的？你曾有仇人吗？
现在完成时与一般过去时的动作或状态同时发生。如：
I have climbed that hill many a time when I was young.
我年轻时曾多次爬过那座山。
While you were in London, I have found out a lot, sir.
当你在伦敦时，老爷，我了解到很多情况。
现在完成时的动作或状态在先，一般过去时的动作或状态在后。这种现在完成时往往与现在时间有关，有时则相当于过去完成时，多用在间接引语中。如：
7 Prof. Lin left yesterday for America where a lecture has been
arranged for him.
美国那儿为林教授安排了一次讲学，他昨天已动身去美国了。
John told me this morning that the painters
haven't finished the work on his house yet.
约翰今天上午告诉我油漆工们还没有油漆完他的房子。
❷现在完成时也可与过去进行时以及过去完成时连用。如：
I have seen her let it down when she was going to bed, and it
looked beautiful then. Real golden hair.
我见过她睡前将头发放了下来，这时它很美，真正一头金发。
My cheeks, which were beginning to fill out, have sank again.
我的两颊刚开始充实起来，现在又陷了下去。
Once in regular schools, the children
have made greater progress than they were making in the
child-care centers.
一进入正规学校，孩子们的进步就比在托儿所时大多了。
❸现在完成时也常和一般现在时连用。如：
You're a good man. I have always known that.
你是个好人。我早就知道。
We're tired. It's been a long day.
