DCE-MRI定量参数在前列腺病变诊断中的价值及与Gleason评分的相关性

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中国医疗设备 2018年第33卷 05期 VOL.33 No.05

71

临床影像技术CLINICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY

DCE-MRI定量参数在前列腺病变诊断中的价值及与Gleason评分的相关性周红梅,徐向阳,李莹,刘祥,杨建,黄德珍华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院 放射科,湖北 武汉 430070

[摘 要] 目的 探讨动态增强磁共振成像(Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging,DCE-MRI)定量参数在前列腺癌和前列腺增生鉴别诊断中的价值;分析定量参数与前列腺癌病理Gleason评分的相关性。方法 对156例确诊前列腺增生和前列腺癌患者行DCE-MRI检查,其中前列腺癌61例,前列腺增生95例。对其定量参数进行均值、标准差及百分位数并方差分析;同时分析前列腺癌中DCE-MRI定量参数与病理Gleason评分相关性。结果 与前列腺增生组比较,前列腺癌组容量转移常数(Volume Transfer Constant,Ktrans)、管外细胞外的间隙的容量分数(Fraction Volume of the Extravascular Extracellular Space,Ve)、血浆容积(Volume Blood Plasma,Vp)三者的平均值、标准差、50%位数、75%位数、90%位数

明显较高(P值均<0.01);前列腺癌组Kep值10%位数显著降低,且Kep值10%位数在两组鉴别诊断中准确性较高;若以Kep值10%位数<0.01作为前列腺癌诊断标准,其敏感度为66.7%,特异性为72.7%。直线相关与回归分析发现:前列腺癌组DCE-MRI定量参数中,Ktrans及Ve各参数与Gleason评分呈线性相关。结论 DCE-MRI定量反映前列腺组织微血管分布和灌注信

息;其中多项定量参数能用于鉴别前列腺增生和前列腺癌,且与Gleason评分线性相关,能反映病变分级信息。[关键词] 前列腺癌;动态增强磁共振成像;定量参数;Gleason评分

Dignostic Value of DCE-MRI Quantitative Parameters in Prostate Disease and theAssociation of Gleason Score in the Pathology of Prostate CancerZHOU Hongmei, XU Xiangyang, LI Ying, LIU Xiang, YANG Jian, HUANG DezhenDepartment of Radiology, Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430070, China

Abstract: Objective To explore the value of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) quantitative parameters in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia, and to understand the correlation between quantitative parameters and pathological Gleason score of prostate cancer. Methods A total of 156 cases (61 prostate cancer and 95 prostatic hyperplasia) were treated with DCE-MRI. The mean, standard deviation and percentile and variance analysis of the quantitative parameters were analyzed. Meanwhile, the association of quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI in prostate cancer and pathologic Gleason score was analyzed. Results Compared with the prostate hyperplasia group, the average, standard deviation, 50%, 75%, and 90% of the Ktrans, Ve and Vp in prostate cancer group were significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of benign prostate prostatic hyperplasia group. The Kep value of the prostate cancer group was significantly reduced by 10%, and the accuracy rate was the highest when the Kep value was in 10th percentile. The sensitivity was 66.7% and the specificity was 72.7%, if the Kep value was 10% lower than that of prostate cancer. Linear correlation and regression analysis showed that the parameters of DCE-MRI in prostate cancer group were in linearly dependent on the parameters of Ktrans and Ve on Gleason’s. Conclusion DCE-MRI can quantitatively reflect the distribution and perfusion of microvascular in prostate. Multiple quantitative parameters can be applied to the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia, and multiple quantitative parameters have linear correlations with the Gleason’s score in the pathology of prostate cancer, and can reflect the tumor grade and stage.Key words: prostate cancer; dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; quantitative parameters; Gleason’s score[中图分类号] R445.2 [文献标识码] Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-1633.2018.05.019 [文章编号] 1674-1633(2018)05-0071-05

收稿日期:2017-01-05 修回日期:2017-03-08通讯作者:徐向阳,副主任医师,主要研究方向为医学影像诊断。通讯作者邮箱:xuxy169@hotmail.com

引言前列腺癌是男性第二常见的恶性肿瘤,在男性癌症的病死率中居于第6位[1]。随着医学和计算机技术的发展,不断涌现新的检查方法并广泛应用于前列腺疾病的筛查和诊断。其中定量动态增强核磁共振扫描成像(Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI,DCE-MRI)是一种无创性的评估正常组织或病变组织间质与血管间进行物质交换的一种成中国医疗设备 2018年第33卷 05期 VOL.33 No.05

72

临床影像技术CLINICAL IMAGING TECHNOLOGY

表1 MRI参数选择参数序列TR(ms)TE(ms)层厚(mm)层间距(mm)相位编码方向激励次数视野 (mm)矩阵(mm2) 分辨率(dpi)反转角(°)扫描时

间 (s)

冠状位T2WI-FS35006730R>>L2230×230256×2560.9×0.9×3.01502:25横轴位T2WI24008430.9R>>L1210×210256×2560.9×0.9×3.01401:14横轴位T2WI-FS24008430.9R>>L1210×210256×2560.9×0.9×3.01401:14横轴位T1WI4508.930.6A>>P2200×200205×2561.0×0.8×3.01101:29IVIM (b=0, 700, 1400, 2100 s/mm2)5100943.60A>>P4170×200102×1601.7×1.3×3.63:41DKI (b=0, 50, 150 s/mm2)36009230.6A>>P3180×200200×1801.1×1.1×3.03:38DWI (b=1400 s/mm2)36009240.6A>>P4180×200200×1801.1×1.1×3.10:54增强预扫描3.641.1330.6A>>P1163×200166×2561.0×0.8×3.05/10/150:24动态增强扫描3.641.1330.6A>>P1163×200166×2561.0×0.8×3.0154:40

像方法。其基本原理是肿瘤导致血管和肿瘤新生血管的密度、分布和通透性等解剖、病理和生理学改变;这样通过静脉团注法注射对比剂后即可示踪观察对比剂在血管及软组织间隙内浓度变化,从而比较肿瘤和非肿瘤组织的血管分布、血管通透性及血管的灌注情况[2]。过去,有诸多关于DCE-MRI定量分析参数对比:如从血管内到血管外转移速率即容量转移常数(Volume transfer Constant,Ktrans),血管外细胞外的间隙的容量分数(Fraction Volume of the Extravascular Extracellular Space,Ve)、对比剂从血管外细胞外间隙(Extravascular Extracellular Space,EES)重新回到血管内的速率常数分数(Fractional Transfer Rate,Kep)的研究,但是关于Ktrans、Kep、造影剂浓度在血浆容积(Volume Blood Plasma,Vp)和Ve值的平均值、标准差、百分位数在诊断前列腺癌和非癌组织的价值研究及其在前列腺分级诊断中应用甚少[3-4]。为此,本文目的是探讨DCE-MRI定量参数在前列腺癌和前列腺增生鉴别诊断中的价值,以及评估定量参数与前列腺癌病理Gleason评分的关系。1 材料与方法1.1 材料研究对象:收集我院2014年1月至2015年10月期间行前列腺核磁共振检查,同时经病理活检确认的前列腺增生患者95例,平均年龄(67.21±8.62)岁;前列腺癌患者61例,平均年龄(70.27±7.88)岁,两组的平均年龄无统计学差异。DCE-MRI检查前所有患者均签署患者知情同意书,MRI检查后均行病理活检。患者如出现以下情况,则不纳入本研究:① 未在本院行前列腺的穿刺或根治术的病理检查;② 既往有内分泌治疗或放化疗治疗病史;③ 图像质量不清晰或信噪比差,或有明显运动伪影。1.2 方法1.2.1 MR成像所有的MR成像检查在Simens 3.0 T(Magnetom Verio Tim,Germany)扫描仪上完成,使用8通道体部联合线圈。MRI扫描参数包括冠状位T2WI-FS序列,横轴位T1WI、T2WI和T2-FS,横轴位体素不相干运动(Introvoxel Incoherent Motion,IVIM)(b=0、700、1400、2100 s/mm2)、弥散峰度成像(Diffuse Kurtosis Imaging,DKI)(b=0、50、150 s/mm2)DWI(b=1400 s/mm2)和DCE-MRI、DCE-MRI-