英语动词不定式的结构及用法

动词不定式用法动词不定式是英语中的一种常见的动词形式，它被用来表示目的、意图、能力、愿望或建议等。

动词不定式通常由“to”和动词原形组成，如“to write”、“to read”、“to learn”等。

动词不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或补语等。

一、作为主语动词不定式可以作为主语，通常用于形式主语的结构中，例如：To learn English is important for me.（学习英语对我来说很重要。

）To study hard is the key to success.（努力学习是成功的关键。

）To travel is my dream.（旅行是我的梦想。

）二、作为宾语1.作及物动词的宾语动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语，例如：I want to learn English.（我想学英语。

）She decided to go to Beijing.（她决定去北京。

）They plan to visit Paris next year.（他们计划明年去巴黎。

）2.作介词的宾语动词不定式可以作为介词的宾语，通常介词为“for”、“of”、“about”、“to”等，例如：She is good at singing and dancing.（她擅长唱歌和跳舞。

）3.作动词或动词词组的宾语动词不定式可以作为某些动词或动词词组的宾语，例如：He hopes to become a doctor in the future.（他希望将来成为一名医生。

）I expect to see you soon.（我期望很快能见到你。

）三、作为定语动词不定式可以作为定语，修饰一个名词或代词，例如：I need a book to read.（我需要一本书来读。

）This is a good place to live.（这是一个适合居住的好地方。

）He has a lot of work to do.（他有很多工作要做。

I mean to go there at once. B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，
往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式 宾语。句型为“主语+find (make,feel, think, believe, consider, etc) +it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。
1.There was nothing to do in the evening but __A___. A.read B.to read C.reading D.is reading
2.There is nothing we can do but wait__D____. A. as calm as possible B. as possible as we can
to ___________ if he wants to win.
句型：think/ consider/believe/ find/make/feel it + adj./n.+ to do
C．动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词 except和but（除了）。 1) They did nothing except_______( work). 2) There is no choice but _________( wait).
(2). He pretended to be sleeping.
(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作 也正在进行)
(3).She pretended to have known it before.
(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
(4).We’re happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的

英语动词不定式的成分和用法-回复英语动词不定式是英语语法中的一种特殊形式，它通常由动词原形加上"to"构成。

不定式在句子中可以充当多种不同的成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、补语等。

本文将详细讨论不定式的各种用法和成分。

1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时，通常放在句首，并且往往需要用it作为形式主语。

例如："To learn foreign languages is essential in today's globalized world."（在当今全球化的世界中，学习外语是必不可少的。

）2. 不定式作宾语不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语。

例如："I want to travel to Japan this summer."（我想今年夏天去日本旅游。

）3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语时，一般与连系动词（be, become, seem, appear等）连用。

例如："His dream is to become a successful businessman."（他的梦想是成为一名成功的商人。

）4. 不定式作补语不定式可以作及物动词的补语，用来补充说明或强调动作的目的、结果或意图。

例如："She made me promise not to tell anyone."（她让我答应不告诉任何人。

）5. 不定式作定语不定式可以用来修饰名词或代词。

例如："I have a lot of books to read during the summer vacation."（我暑假期间有很多书要读。

）6. 不定式作状语不定式可以用作状语，表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。

例如："She went to the gym to exercise."（她去健身房锻炼身体。

）7. 不定式作形容词补语不定式还可以用作形容词的补语，用来进一步描述或说明名词的特征或性质。

(完整)动词不定式用法及练习 动词不定式用法及练习 动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语)；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语，动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 一、 构成：to do .否定式 not to do 二、 常见时态：一般时 to do 进行时 to be doing 完成式 to have done 完成进行式 to have been doing 三、动词不定式在句子中的成分 1、作句子的主语： 现实中常用it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（或短语）后置. 比较下列句子 To learn from your friends is important。=It is important to learn from your friends . To leave without saying goodbye is impolite。= It is impolite to leave without saying goodbye. 句型总结 It is + adj. + of sb. to do…= sb。 is\are +adj. +to do… 在以某些表示人的品质、特征等的形 容词(如kind、good、nice、wrong、clever、right等）作表语时,不定式之前常加一个引起的短语，说明不定式指的是谁的情况.（可以理解为某人的好,坏，聪明,愚蠢，对,错等等） It is very kind of you to help me。 It’s not polite of him to speak to old people like that.

It is + adj. + for sb。 to do…≠ sb. is\are +adj. +to do… 如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，则在不定式前加一个for引起的短语,即不定式的逻辑主语. It is necessary for us to study hard。 It is easy for him to speak English. 动词不定式作主语 1. It’s our duty _________ the room every day。 A. to clean B。 cleaned C。 clean D. cleans（甘肃省） 2。 It's hard for us _________ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D。 learning(江西省） 3。建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。 It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover。(北京市海淀区） 4。 It’s very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup。 A。 for， of B. of， for C。 to， for D。 of， to 2、作句子的表语：不定式放在be 动词后面，用作表语如： Her dream is to be a policeman. My job is to help the patient. Your task is to clean the classroom。 The best way is to talk to your parents. His plan is to travel to Beijing this summer. My purpose is to help you solve this problem. 3、作句子的宾语：不定式放在及物动词后，用作宾语。能跟不定式作宾语的动词(及物） 很多，常见的有 want， like, hate， wish， hope, prefer, try, ask, start， begin， decide， learn， choose, agree, expect, remember, forget, plan, decide, would like, need， choose， agree, promise, refuse， set out， manage， pretend， I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. They began to read and write。 She forgot to close the door。 He wanted to borrow my CD player. I hope to speak English well。 有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语,也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同： (完整)动词不定式用法及练习 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事 forget doing sth。忘记曾经做过某事 stop to do sth。 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth。停止做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth。继续做原来在做的事 need to do sth.需要做某事 need doing sth。 需要被做 Don't forge to turn off the lights before leaving。 This bike needs repairing/mending。 注意1:动词不定式作宾语时如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放在后面，用it作形式主 语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补(形容词、名词）+不定式"结构 I found it necessary to talk to him again。 I found it important to learn English。 I fond it difficult to learn physics. 注意2：常用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有want, ask， tell， order， get， wish， allow， invite, teach, encourage, beg， 等。构成“vt，+sb。+（not）to do sth.”结构. The teacher told us to read the text. He asked me not to tell you the news。 His parents didn’ t allow him to play。 I expect you to give me some help. Mrs. Read whishes her son to learn English well。 注意3：不定式作宾补省去 to 的情况（在被动语态中则to 不能省掉） 常用省去to的动词不定式作补足语的动词有:“一感（feel）、二听（hear， listen to）、三让(make, let, have)、五看（look at， see， watch, notice， observe）”help 可带to，也可不带to help sb (to) do sth I made him to do his work. 。——-—---—--——----—-—-——————--make sb。do sth. Please listen to me to sing this song again。—---—-—---——-——--—-listen to sb.do sth. I felt someone to open my door.——-—--—---—-—--———-——----—-—-—-—fell sb.do sth. The boss made the girl to work ten hour a day.-——---—--————make sb。do sth. You must watch me to do everything-———-——--——--—-———————-—--watch sb。do sth。 Internet bars mustn’t let anybody watch bad things， especially children.---—---let sb.do sth. He often helps （to) clean the room. Mr. Zhang always helps us (to) learn English。 被动语to要加上 He was made to do his work (by me) He was heard to speak in the next room. John was made to wash the car for a week as a punishment。 专项练习:1。 He wants ______ some vegetables。 A。 buy B。 buying C。 to buy D。 buys (山西省） 2。 Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school。 A。 to bring B。 bringing C。 to take D. taking （福建省） 3. He found it very difficult ______。 A。 sleeping B。 sleepsC。 slept D。 to fall asleep （湖南省) 不带to的动词不定式 1. We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered （河南省） 2。 So much work usually makes them ______ very tired. A。 to feel B. feels C. feeling D。 feel （吉林省） 3。 Your father is sleeping。 You'd better ______. A. not wake up him B。 not to wake up him C。 not wake him up D。 not to wake him up （陕西省） 4。 I was made ______ my homework in the afternoon. A. do B。 doing C. to do D. did (贵州省) 作句子的定语：不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面作后置定语。如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词。