铝合金环形座锻件等温精密成形工艺研究

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第4l卷第1期 
2014年2月 
应 用 科 技 

Applied Science and Technology 
V_01.41 No.1 

Feb.2014 

doi:10.3969 ̄.issn.1009—671X.201302002 

铝合金环形座锻件等温精密成形工艺研究 
吴继超 ,张艳秋 ,赵亚楠 ,江树勇 ,单德彬 
1.哈尔滨飞机工业集团工程技术部,黑龙江哈尔滨150060 
2.哈尔滨工程大学工程训练中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 
3.哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 

摘要:为选择合适的铝合金环形座锻件等温精密成形工艺,防止各种缺陷的发生,并使其获得合格的力学性能和抗应 
力腐蚀性能,采用有限元方法模拟了环形座锻件的成形过程。分析了成形时的金属流动规律,并通过预锻制坯和三次模 
锻工艺形成了外形完美、性能合格的高质量铝合金环形座锻件。结果表明,环形座外环壁表面处易受剧烈剪切变形而产 
生粗晶缺陷,因此应适当减小该处的坯料体积。坯料设计时应精确计算体积,避免多余金属过多引起终锻后期的大量金 
属外排,从而防止外环壁折叠缺陷的产生。通过采用多次模锻的方法在每次模锻后去除多余飞边和连皮,既可以减小下 

阶段模锻成形过程中飞边桥部的阻力,降低模压力,又可以防止终锻时大量金属外排造成的折叠缺陷。 
关键词:铝合金;锻造;等温精密锻造;有限元法 
中图分类号:TG316 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1009—671X(2014)01.0059.06 

Study on isothermal precision forging process of an aluminum alloy ring seat 
WU Jichao ,ZHANG Yanqiu2,ZHAO Yanan ,JIANG Shuyong ,SHAN Debin。 

1.Engineering Technology Department,Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 1 50060,China 
2.Industrial Training Centre,Harbin Engineering Unive ̄ity,Harbin 1 50001,China 
3.School ofMaterials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute ofTechnology,Harbin 150001,China 

Abstract:In order to choose all appropriate process for the isothermal precision forging of all aluminum alloy ring seat, 
prevent the occurrence of various defects and make the a1loy possess qualified mechanical properties as well as resistance to 
stress corrosion,the finite element method(FEM)was adopted to simulate the forming process ofthe ring seat forging.The 
laws ofmetalflowwereanalyzedandhigh—quality aluminum alloyforging ofthering seatwithperfect shape and appropriate 
performance were obtained by combining preforging with three times of die forging.The results show that severe shear 
deformation is easy to occur on the wall surface of the outer ring of the ring seat,which shall result in the coarse—grained 
defect,SO the billet volume in the zone should be decreased properly.Billet volume should be calculated accurately in the 
process ofbillet design SO as to avoid the outflow ofplenty ofmetal caused by the excess metal in the late stage offinal 
forging,which Can avoid the folding defect in the wall ofouter ring.By means ofmultiple die forging,excess metal in flash 
and wad is removed after each die forging step,which Can not only reduce the resistance ofthe flash bridge in the next stage 
ofdie forging to lessen the forging force,but also prevent the folding defect caused by overabundance metal in the final die 
forging. 
Keywords:aluminum alloy;forging process;isothermal precision forging;finite element method 

7A09铝合金是一种AI-Zn-Mg—Cu系超高强铝合 
金,广泛应用于航空、航天等领域。随着航空构件向 
轻量化的发展,该类构件多被设计成复杂形状的整体 

收稿日期:2013—02.20. 
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(50775051). 
作者简介:吴继超(1973 ),男,高级工程师; 
张艳秋(1973.),女,讲师,博士. 
通信作者:张艳秋(1973一),E—mail:zhangyq@hrbeu.edu.cn. 

结构,而且要求锻件的尺寸精度高,力学性能好,流 
线沿锻件轮廓分布,以保证较高的抗应力腐蚀眭能, 
这就使得该类构件的成形难度也越来越大 】。 
等温模锻是一种能够实现少无切屑加工和精密成 
形的新工艺,这项工艺由于变形速率很低,工件长时 
间与环境温度保持隔离状态,可使工件温度变化减至 
最小,所以非常适合锻压形状复杂、投影面积大的零