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高考英语代词知识点真题汇编及答案(4)

一、选择题

1．Most of the parents think their approaches to raising children different from _____ of their parents.

A．that

B．this

C．it

D．those

2．The tallest girl over there is ________ who works very hard in our class .

A．a girl B．the girl C．one D．the one

3．________ is believed that heavy smokers are more likely to develop serious illness.

A．As B．It C．Which D．What

4．________ occurred to me that I had left my shirt on the playground.

A．It B．One C．That D．What

5．I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.

A．no one B．none

C．nothing D．anything

6．The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than that on the small ones. What does the underlined "that" refer to?

A．the traffic B．the signal C．the street D．the time

7．Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly___left in the house.

A．anything B．everything

C．nothing D．something

8．Travellers to that area can carry disease to their own countries that have never

experienced_____.

A．them B．it C．themselves D．itself

9．“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power, ______________ driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity. A．the one that B．one that

C．one D．the one

10．Don't you hate _____when somebody shows up at a party wearing the same dress as you? A．him B．that

C．it D．them

11．Usually there might be a lot of accidents in the heavy fog. I happened to witness _______ this morning.

A．it B．those

C．one D．that

12．Usually, a forest fire and the damage ________ causes can be very severe, especially when we consider the long time it takes to grow trees.

A．this B．what C．which D．it

13．The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A．it B．those

C．one D．that

14．（2014·全国大纲卷）I think Mrs. Stark could be _______ between 50 and 60 years of age. A．anywhere B．anybody

C．anyhow D．anything

15．The new technology will make ______ possible to grow food with very little water.

A．it B．it is

C．that D．that is

16．Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.

A．this B．one

C．it D．that

17．Don’t take _____ for granted that he will keep his promise.

A．one B．it

C．this D．that

18．I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.

A．that B．this

C．you D．it

19．Waves of red light are about twice as long as of blue light.

A．that B．these C．those D．it

20．Your digital camera is very nice.Where did you buy_____? I’d like to buy _____, too. A．it; one B．it ; it C．one ; one D．one ; it

21．No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ______a rule to see his parents every week.

A．this B．that C．it D．him

22．I would appreciate____________ if you could help me out when I am in trouble.

A．that B．one C．it D．this

23．_____ doesn’t really matter whether you win or lose. As long as you have tried your best, you won’t regret.

A．What B．This C．That D．It

24．The storm lasted nearly a week, ______ in the garden.

A．left something eatable B．leaving nothing eatable

C．leaving eatable something D．left eatable nothing

25．The financial crisis(危机) and the suffering ________ has caused have a great influence on the whole world.

A．they B．it C．which D．what

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。代词that指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，后面要有定语修饰，表示特指；this 指代说过的内容，it指代上文出现的同一事物；those指代复数可数名词，有定语修饰，表示特指。句意：大部分父母亲认为他们抚养儿童的方法不同于他们自己的父母亲。句中those指代可数名词复数the approaches，后面有介词短语of their parents修饰，表示特指。故D项正确。

2．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：那边最高的女孩是我们班学习很努力的一个。根据下文who works very hard in our class可知，此处指最高的女孩是班上很努力学习的一个女孩，为泛指“一个”，故选C。

3．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查it用法。解题步骤：1.确定各选项用法：空格的位置是主语，A. As引导非限制性定语从句；B. It可以作形式主语；C. Which引导主语从句；D. What引导主语从句；2.确定答案：根据believed后面的that可知，这是主语从句后置，前面用形式主语it代替。如果选A，应将that改为逗号，C/D项的话，that前应添加动词。句意：人们认为，烟瘾大的人更容易患重病。故选B。

4．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句式。句意：我突然想起我把衬衫忘在操场上了。固定句式：It occurred to sb. that…意为“某人突然想起……”。故选A。

5．B

解析：B

【解析】

考查代词。A. no one没有人，指人，通常用who提问；B. none没有人，一个也没有，none

是表示数量上的没有，通常用how many提问；C. nothing无物，指物，通常用what 提问；

D. anything任何事。句意：我转向书店和图书馆寻找他演讲中提到的那本书的信息，但什么也没找到。此处指数量上一个也没有，故选B。

6．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意: 主要街道上的交通信号灯的绿灯时间要长于其他小街道上的信号灯绿灯。画线句that只得是？此处that此处指代上文的the traffic，以避免重复，表示同类但不同一的事物。故选A。

7．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：吉姆卖掉了他的大部分东西。他家里几乎什么都没剩下。anything用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中，或用于肯定句，但与含有疑问、否定意义的词连用,意为“任何事(物)，什么事(物)”，根据所提供的情景Jim sold most of his things.可判断出他房子里几乎没有什么东西了。hardly意为“几乎不”，构成否定句；everything 意为“每件事物，万事”；nothing 意为“(什么也)没有，没有什么东西(什么事)”；something 意为“某物，某事”。故选A。

8．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：前往该地区的旅行者可将疾病传播到从未有过旅行者的国家。A. them他们；B. it它；C. themselves他们自己；D. itself它自己。所填词指代前面的复数名词travellers且放于动词后作宾语，故应用宾格形式 them。故选A。

9．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词的用法。句意：“2025中国制造”的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国，一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。one表示泛指，相当于“a(an)+名词”，代替的是同类事物中的“一个”；that表示特指，相当于“the+名词”；代词one=a/ an +n，此处one=a product-making power；而________driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity中driven by 只是一个非谓语短语（be driven by 被……驱使）作定语，因此不需要连词引导。所以排除A、 B。one表示泛指，相当于“the+名词”可

以排除D。故选C。

10．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it的用法。句意：你难道不讨厌有人穿着和你一样的衣服出现在派对上吗?此处it是形式宾语，后面的when引导的从句是真正宾语。故选C。

11．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查替代。句意：通常在大雾天会有很多事故。今天早上我碰巧目击了一起事故。根据语境可知，此处指上句提到的＂一起交通事故＂，故用one代替。即C项正确。

12．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：通常，森林火灾及其造成的损失会非常严重，特别是当我们考虑到树木需要长时间生长时。结合句意可知_____ causes为定语从句，修饰先行词the damage，可由关系代词which/that来引导，由于从句中缺主语，因此还需要用人称代词 it 指代 a forest fire，故排除C选项，同时由于关系代词在从句中作宾语，可省略，因此空格处填 it 即可。this 为指示代词，后面需要接名词，即 this fire来充当主语，因此排除A项。B选项不属于定语从句关系词，排除。故选D。

13．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意：网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。A.it指代上文出现的同一事物；B. those指代可数名词复数；C. one指代可数名词单数。D. that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式，后面要有定语修饰，表示特指。本句中that指代不可数名词information后面有介词短语修饰，表示特指。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

1)it通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物，表示特指概念，即指代同一物。

(2)one表示泛指概念，替代可数名词的单数形式。其复数形式ones也表示泛指概念，用来替代可数名词的复数形式。the one(s)也是替代可数名词，但表示特指概念。

(3)that既可以用来指代不可数名词，又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式，表示特指概念，

相当于“the＋名词”结构。

(4)those用来指代可数名词复数形式，表示特指概念，相当于“the＋可数名词复数”结构。它是that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式。

(5)当that或those在句中指代事物时，它们的后面通常使用一些后置定语，如：

Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that指代不可数名词joy)特别提醒：(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外)，one既可代替事物也可代替人。

(2)“物主代词＋own”之后不能加one。

(3)一般可以用this one，that one，较少用these ones和those ones。当ones前有形容词修饰时则可以用these和those。

14．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查不定代词辨析。句意：我认为Stark夫人的岁数可能在50到60岁之间。此处anywhere意为：任何地方。anybody任何人； anyhow 管怎样；anything任何事。anywhere between…and…意为：大约。根据句意，故选A。

【点睛】

这道题考查不定代词，题目难度不大，不定代词的运用要根据题目中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。Any+副词，常用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，只不过修饰的事物不一样。anywhere意为：任何地方。Anybody任何人； anyhow 不管怎样；anything任何事。联系题干意思就可选出正确答案。

15．A

解析：A

【解析】

A[it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 to grow food with very little water。]

16．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆，而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……，该句型是固定句型，用one代替another restaurant，故选B。

17．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it作形式宾语。句意：不要想当然地认为他会信守诺言。句中的“take sth. for granted”为固定搭配，意为“把……想当然”。本句中的take缺少宾语，分析句子可知，that he will keep his promise是其宾语，因此可以用it作形式主语，而真正的宾语是后面的that从句。故选B。

18．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查it做形式宾语。句意：如果你能教我如何使用这台电脑，我将不胜感激。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句。固定句式：I would appreciate it if...，“如果.......，我将不胜感激”。故选D项。

19．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：红光波大约是蓝光波的两倍长。此处是倍数表达，指代比较对象时，单数用that，复数用those。句中比较对象是waves of red light和waves of blue light，waves是名词复数，应该用those代替，故选C。

20．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：你的数码相机很漂亮。你在什么地方买的呢？我也想买一个。根据句意可知，第一空应用it代指上文提到的your digital camera，第二空指同类中的某一个，应用one，故选A项。

21．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查形式宾语。句意：不管多忙，汤姆每周都要去看望他的父母。分析句子，make为动词后需接宾语，此处用it作形式宾语。真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。故选C项。22．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意：如果你在我困难时帮助我，我将不胜感激。A. that那个；B. one一个；C. it它；D. this这个。分析句子可知，此处考查固定表达I would appreciate it if…“如果……我将不胜感激”，it做形式宾语。故选C项。

23．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查形式主语。句意：你赢还是输并不重要。只要你尽力了，你不会后悔的。在这句话中真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句，为了避免头重脚轻，所以用it作形式主语。故此题选D。

24．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词和复合不定代词。句意：暴风雨持续将近一周，花园里可吃的都没了。分析句子可知，此处leaving在该句中为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是the storm，二者构成主谓关系，故用现在分形式做结果状语。而eatable是形容词，译为“可食用的”，应放在复合不定代词nothing之后。故选B项。

25．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查定语从句和代词用法。句意：金融危机以及它所带来的灾难对整个世界造成了很大影响。整个句子的主语是the financial crisis and the suffering，the suffering后面引导一个定语从句。定语从句先行词是the suffering，在定语从句里充当的是cause这个词的宾语，用which或that,可以省略。而主语其实是the financial crisis，但是为了避免重复，在定语从句里用代词“it”来替代“the financial crisis”。所以整个定语从句真正缺少的是句子的主语“it”,故选B。

【点睛】

本题中，选项C是较强的干扰项，时需要注意一点：在定语从句当中，如果先行词充当的是定语从句的宾语，那么关系代词是可以省略的。本题就是一个典型。在作定语从句的题时，必须搞清楚先行词在定语从句中充当的句子成分是什么，才能进行正确的选择。

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