高中英语常见单词 的重要词义

中学英语常见单词的重要词义1. absorb vt.吸引（注意力、精力等）The book absorbed his attention.Running the workshop absorbs all his energies.2. address vt. 向….讲话（尤指演讲）President Fidel Castro of Cuba addressed the United Nations.称呼The judge should be addressed as ‘Y our Honour’.设法解决，处理He addressed himself to the main difficulty.3. adjust vt调整；校准I must adjust my watch; it’s slow.The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.4. afford vt 承担得起（后果）We cannot afford to ignore this warning. We cannot afford any more delays.5. against prep.（表示位置关系）靠着，顶着，迎着，衬着A little tree stood against the wall.She could hear the rain pattering against the window.The kite is flying high against the wind. The picture looks good against the white wall.6. age vi变老；老化After his wife’s death he aged quickly.7. air vt抒发，发表，倾诉Don’t air your troubles too often.He ran on, airing his own views about the case.n.感觉；印象；神态The room had an air of luxury.She looked at him with a defiant air.8. alive adj.有活力的，有生机的My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.9. allow vt给予，让有Allow me one minute in which to change my costume.My wife allows me $ 100 a year for clothes.10. alone adv只有，仅仅(放在有关名词、代词后面)The shoes alone cost me $200.11. anger vt使生气，使气愤The injustice of this angered him.12. announce vt预示Gathering clouds announced the oncoming storm.13. appetite n爱好At the moment he had no appetite for work.14. around adj.走红的；活跃的She’s been around as a film director since the 1980s.15. article n物件，物品articles of clothesThe articles found in the car helped the police to identify the body.16. available有效的；有空的；空闲的The tickets are available for one month.I’m sorry. The manager is not available now.17. average adj.中等的，适中的He is a student of average intelligence.18. back vt支持Many of his friends backed his plan.The Union leader decided to back the government in its action.19. bar n.条，块；栏杆；vt 阻挡；阻止A bar of chocolate/soapAll the ground floor windows were fitted with bars.We found our way barred by rocks.The players are barred from drinking alcohol the night before a match.20. beat vt (鸟翼)扑动The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew onn节拍，拍子The music had the familiar beat of a waltz.21. being n. 生物A strange being from another planet22. bend vt把心思集中到n. 弯道He couldn’t bend his mind to his studies. Blake faded on the final bend.23. better vt 改善，改进，提高He is ready to do anything on earth to better their fortunes.24. blue adj.犹豫的，愁闷的He’d been feeling blue all week.25. board n. 董事会；理事会She has a seat on the board of the directors. vi 付费（在某人家里）膳宿She always had one or two students boarding with her.26. boss vt负责（某事），把持Who is bossing this job?27. bother vt 花费时间/精力（做某事）He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming.28. bridge vt 消除，弥补How could they bridge the gap between the rich and the poor in the country?29. can n.金属罐，vt把（食品）装罐保存In this factory they can fish to be sent abroad.30. cause n. 事业，目标，思想Animal welfare campaigners raised $70 000 for their cause last year.31. chair vt 主持（会议）Will you chair the meeting or shall I ?32. circle n （相同兴趣、职业等的人形成的）圈子，阶层，界She’s well known in theatrical circles.A large/wide circle of friends33. clean adv. 彻底地，完全地I clean forgot about calling him.34. clear vt/vi (使)变清醒，变清晰As her mind cleared, she remembered what had happened.35. coach vt 训练，培养，指导She has coached hundreds of young singers.36. comb 仔细搜索，搜寻I combed the shops looking for something to wear.37. contrac t vt 感染（疾病）；得（病）To contract Aids/ a virus/ a disease38. count vi 重要Every point in this game counts.39. course n ( 船或飞机的)航向；航线He radioed the pilot to change the course.40. cover vt足以支付；够付; 包括；涉及$ 100 should cover your expenses.The survey covers all aspects of the business.41. cross adj. 恼怒的；生气的I was cross with him for being late.42. cut n伤口Blood poured from the deep cut on his arm.43. date n 异性约会I’ve got a date with Lucy tomorrow night.44. deal n 协议；交易We did a deal with the management on the overtime.I got a good deal on the car.45. defend vt 辩解，辩白Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics.How can you defend such behaviors?46. deliver vt发表演说She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering. 47. determine vt 查明；决定；断定We set out to determine exactly what happened that night.Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person’s character.48. develop vt 患（病）；出现问题Her son developed asthma (哮喘) when he was two.49. divide vt 引起分歧The government is divided on this issue.50. do vi 适合；足够These shoes won’t do for the party.‘Can you lend me some money?’‘Sure—will $20 do?’51. down adj. 悲哀；沮丧；情绪低落I feel a bit down today.52. draw拉（窗帘、帘子）；吸引；领取，支取; 推断出The blinds were drawn.The movie is drawing large audiences.Can I draw $80 out of my account?We can draw some lessons for the future from this accident.53. drive vt （用力）击；打；敲；推To drive a nail into a piece of wood54. due adj. 应支付的；应给予的；适当的Have they been paid money that is due to them?He was charged with driving without due care and attention.55. employ vt. 使用；利用The police had to employ force to enter thebuilding.56. empty adj. 空虚的；无意义的；无目的的Three months after his death, she still felt empty.57. equal adj. 能胜任的；能应付的I hope that he proves equal to the challenge.58. escape vt 被忘掉；被忽视Her name escaped me.It might have escaped your notice, but I’m very busy at the moment.59. even adj. (数量、速度等)变化不大的，均匀的；相等的、均等的an even temperature all yearthe even distribution of food60. event n. (体育运动的)比赛项目The 800 metres is the fourth event of the afternoon.61. eye vt. 注视；审视；细看He couldn’t help eyeing the cakes hungrily.62. fair n.集市；商品交易会；展销会The country/state fairA craft/a book/an antique fair63. false adj. 假的；伪造的A false passport64. fine n.罚金；vt处…以罚金A parking fineShe was fined for speeding.65. fix vt确定，决定（约会、时间、数量）；安排，组织Has the date of the next meeting been fixed? Y ou have to fix visits up in advance with the museum.66. flood vi 大量涌入；蜂拥而出Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.67. forward vt.发送，寄(商品或信息); 转寄，转投We will be forwarding you our new catalogue next week.Could you forward any mail to us in New Y ork?68. free adj. 没有的；不受影响或伤害的It was several weeks before he was free from pain.Free from difficulty/doubt/fear69. fresh adj. 新近的；新的，不同的；淡的，无盐的Let me write down while it is still fresh in my mind.Fresh evidenceThere is a shortage of fresh water on the island.70. frequent vt 常去，常到We met in a local bar much frequented by students.71. further vt. 促进；增进She took the new job to further her career.72. gain vt.增加；增长；（钟表）走得快To gain confidence/strength/experienceI’ve gained weight recently.My watch gains two minutes every 24hours.73. grade vt. 给…评分；分等级，分类I spent all weekend grading papers.Eggs are graded from small to extra large.74. grasp vt 理解,领会,明白; 抓住（机会）They failed to grasp the importance of words.I grasped the opportunity to work abroad.75. ground n. 充分的理由；根据Y ou have no ground for complaint.The case was dismissed on the ground that there was not enough evidence.76. guide vt 指导，影响（某人的行为）He was always guided by his religious beliefs.77. head vt. 领导；主管She has been appointed to head the research team.78. hit vt 到达（某地）；到达（某水平）；突然意识到Follow this footpath and you’ll eventually hit this road.The euro hit a record low in trading today.I couldn’t remember where I’d seen him before, and then it suddenly hit me.n. 很受欢迎的人（或事物）Her new series is a real hit.79. hold vt. 容纳；担任；怀有(观念、意见) The plane holds about 300 passengers.How long has he held office?He holds strange views on education.80. ill adj. 坏的；不良的；有害的She suffered no ill effects from the experience.81. inch vi （朝某方向）谨慎移动He inched her way through the narrow passage.82. inform对…有影响Religion informs every aspect of their lives83. invite vt 招致（尤指坏事）Such comments are just inviting trouble.84. introduce vt 使初次了解；使尝试The first lecture introduces students to the main topics of the course.85. jam vt 使劲（往某处）挤（或压、塞）；塞进；挤满He jammed his fingers into his ears.We were jammed together like sardines in a can.86. just adj. 公平的；正义的A just decision/law/society87. keep vt 开设，经营，管理（商店或餐馆）Her father kept a grocer’s shop.vi (食物) 保持不坏Finish off the pie—it won’t keep.88. last adj. （强调）最不可能的；最不适当的The last thing she needed was more work. He’s the last person I’d trust with a secret.89. lead n. （竞赛中的）领先地位; 铅She took the lead in the second lap.Lead is a heavy soft grey metal.90. lot n.一块地，场地A parking lot; a vacant lot91. major n.专业课；vi 主修Her major is French.She majored in History at Stanford.92. make vt 成为；适合She would have made an excellent teacher. Cold tea makes an excellent drink in summer.93.the masses群众；平民百姓The programme brings science to the masses.94. mark vt 给（学生作业）打分，评分I hate marking exam papers.纪念，庆贺A ceremony was held to mark the 50th anniversary.95. match vt 适应；满足Investment in hospital is needed to match the future needs of the country.96. matter vi 事关紧要；要紧；有重大影响The children matters more to her than anything else in the world.97. mean adj. 吝惜的；刻薄的She’s always been mean with money.Don’t be so mean to your little brother.98. meet vt 满足；使满意How can we best meet the needs of all different groups?99. mind vt 当心；注意Mind that step! Mind your language! 100. mine n. 矿；矿井；vi 开矿；采矿A diamond mineThey were mining for gold.101. modest adj. 些许的；不太大（或太贵的、太重要的）He charged a relatively modest fee.The research was carried out on a modest scale.102. monitor n. 显示器；监视器The details of today’s flight are displayed on the monitor.vt 监视；检查；跟踪调查Each student’s progress is closely monitored.103. move n 行动This latest move by the government has aroused fierce opposition.104. must n 必须做（或看、买等）的事His new novel is a must for all lovers of crime fiction.105. narrow adj. 狭隘的；目光短浅的She has a very narrow view of the world.106. narrowly adv. 勉强地；以毫厘之差She narrowly escaped injury.The team lost narrowly.107. nature n 天性；本性；性格She is very sensitive by nature.108. necessarily adv. （用于否定句）not necessarily 不一定；未必The more expensive articles are not necessarily better.109. net adj. 净得的；纯的A net profit of $ 500110. note n. 特征；口气；调子vt 注意；留意There was a note of amusement in his voice. Please note that the office will be closed on Monday.111. notice n. 预告；警告Y ou must give one month’s notice.Y ou are welcome to come and stay as long as you give us plenty of notice.112. object n. 宗旨；目的Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.vi. 不同意；反对Many local people object to the building of the new airport.113. observe vt遵守（规则、法律）；庆祝，庆贺Will the rebels observe the ceasefire?Do they observe Christmas?114. occupy vt 任职；执政The president occupies the position for four years.115. office n. 要职；重要职务She held office as a cabinet minister for ten years.The present government took office in1997.116. operate vi （机器）运转；工作Solar panels can only operate in sunlight. vt. 操作；控制What skills are needed to operate this machinery? 117. order n.订货；订购；订单I would like to place an order for ten copies of this book.118. over prep. 覆盖；在…期间；度过（困难阶段或局面）She put a blanket over the sleeping child. We’ll discuss it over lunch.We’re over the worst of the recession.119. pale vi 逊色Last year’ riots pale next to this latest outburst of violence.120. passage n. 通道；走廊A dark narrow passage led to the main hall.121. perform vt 履行；执行She performs an important role in our organization.vi 工作，运转The engine seems to be performing well.The company has been performing poorly over the past year.122. plant n 工厂A chemical plant, Japanese car plantsvt 树立；安放They planted a flag on the summit.123. pool vt集中资源（或材料）The students work individually, then pool their ideas in groups of six.124. post n职位；柱子，杆The company has been unable to fill the post. The team’s ‘net’ was a piece of string tied to two posts.125. pour vi. 涌流；倾斜；迸发；不断涌向Tears poured down his checks.Letters of complaint continue to pour in.126. press n. 报刊杂志；新闻记者；新闻界；出版社The local/national/foreign pressThe press was not allowed to attend the trial.127. pretty adv. 颇，相当,十分I’m going to find a new apartment prettysoon.128. programme n.计划，方案；电视节目；程序；教学大纲，课程To launch a research programmeWhat’s the programme for tomorrow?129. promise vt. 可能；预示She promises to be a famous actress.There were dark clouds overhead promisingrain.130. pure adj. 完全的；纯粹的They met by pure chance.She laughed with pure joy.131. push vt 督促；施压Lucy should push herself a little harder.Her parents are very tolerant, but sometimes she pushes them too far.132. put vt说，表达Put simply, we accept their offer or go bankrupt.He was too trusting—or, to put it another way, he had no head for business.She had never tried to put her feeling into words.133. radio vi. （用无线电）发送，传送The officer radioed for help.134. rare adj. 半熟的；半生的Some people like steak cooked rare.135. reach vt实现；达到目标Politicians again failed to reach an agreement.(尤指用电话) 联系，与….取得联系Do you know where I can reach him?136. read vt 懂得；理解How do you read the present situation? Silence must not always be read as consent. 写着；写成是The sign read ‘No Admittance’.137. receive vt 对…做出反应The play was well received by the critics.接待；欢迎He was received as an honoured guest at the White House.138. recover vt 全额追回；找回He is unlikely to ever recover his legal costs.The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings.139. remove vt 去除，排除，消除The news removed any doubts about the company’s future.To remove problems/obstacles/objections140. rest vt/vi（被）支撑；（使）依靠；托His chain rested on his hands.He rested his chin in his hands.rest on 依靠；依赖；基于All our hopes now rest on you.The whole argument rests on a falseassumption.141. review vt /n （关于书籍、戏剧、电影等的）评论，评价The play was reviewed in the national newspaper.A book review; The reviews in the papers142. ride n (乘车或骑车的)短途旅行；搭便车It’s a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. We managed to get a ride into town when we missed the bus.143. room n可能性，机会He had to be certain. There could be no room for doubt.There’s some room for improvement in your work.144. run vt 经营；管理He has no idea how to run a business.vt 提供，开设（服务、课程）The college runs summer courses for foreign students.vt/vi(使)运转、运行；操作Could you run the engine for minutes?vt/vi(使)伸展，延伸He had a scar running down his left check. 持续；延续Her last musical ran for six months on Broadway.输出、放出（液体）Y our nose is running.The smoke made my eyes run.145. rule vi/vt裁定；判决The court will rule on legality of the action. The deal may be ruled illegal. 146. say vt 提供信息；指示The notice said ‘Keep out’.The clock said three o’clock.147. see vt 理解I didn’t think she saw the point of the view. 见证事件Next year sees the centenary of V erdi’s death.148. sense vt 感觉到；意识到Sensing danger. They started to run.Lisa sensed that he did not believe her.149. serve vt 对…有用；能满足…的需要These experiments serve no useful purpose. How can we best serve the needs of future generations?产生…的效果The attack was unsuccessful and served only to alert the enemy.150. shape vt决定…的形成；影响…的发展His idea had been shaped by his experiences during the war.She had a leading role in shaping party policy.151. sharp adj. 敏锐的; 灵敏的Dogs have a sharp sense of smell.尖锐的；尖刻的He was very sharp with me when I was late.152. solid adj. 可靠的；可信赖的As yet, they have no solid evidence.His advice was always solid and practical.153. some adv. 大约；差不多Some thirty people attended the funeral. 154. sound adj. 明智的；合理的；正确的She gave me some very sound advice.透彻的；完备的；全面的He has a sound understanding of the issue.完好的；无损伤的We arrived home safe and sound.(睡眠)酣畅的to have a sound night’s sleep.155. spring (sprang, sprung) vi跳；跃；蹦He turned off the alarm and sprang out of bed.156. stand处于（某种状态或情形）The house stood empty for a long time.达特定水平（或数量、高度等）The world record then stood at 6.59 meters. 持某种态度，有某一观点Where do you stand on private education? n.货摊；售货亭；看台A newspaper standWe had seats in the east stand.157. station vt 派驻；使驻扎Troops were stationed abroad in many countries.158. strike vt.突然想到；一下子想起An awful idea has just struck me.It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.159. succeed vt 接替；继任；随后出现Who succeeded Kennedy as President?160. suit n.诉讼His divorce suit was brought to the court.161. tape n. 胶带；胶条The sticky tape is not allowed in the exam. 162. tell vt知道；看出；确切地判断I could tell that he was very angry from hisexpression.163. thirst n/vi.渴望；渴求He has a thirst for knowledge.She thirsted for power.164. tie vi/vt 达成平局England tied 2-2 with Germany in the first round.165. tight adj.（时间、金钱）紧的；拮据的We have a very tight budget.The president has a very tight schedule today.166. timely adj. 及时的；适时的This has been a timely reminder to us all.167. tip vi/vt (使)倾斜，倾倒The seat tips forward to allow passengers into the back.168. trying adj.令人厌烦的；难对付的These are trying times for us all.169. tube n. 电视机Nowadays children tend to spend more time in front of the tube.170. value vt 重视；珍视He is a valued member of the staff.I especially value the friendship between us.171. very adj.正是的；恰好的He might be phoning her at this very moment.That’s the very thing I need.172. voice n 发言权；看法Employees should have a voice in the decision-making process.vt 发表意见A number of parents have voiced concernabout their children’s safety.173. walk n. 行业；职业；阶层She has friends from all walks of life.174. wander vi走神；神志恍惚Try not to let your mind wander.It’s easy to be distracted and let your attention wander.175. watch vt 小心；当心；留意Watch your bag—there are thieves around. Watch your head on the low ceiling.176. water vi 流口水The smells from the kitchen made our mouths water.177. wear vi/vt 磨损；消耗；用旧The carpet are starting to wear.The stones have been worn smooth by the constant flow of water.vt. 蓄、留（法、须等）She wears her hair long.vt. 流露、面带、呈现(某种神态)He wore a puzzled look on his face.178. wind （wound, wound）vi蜿蜒；曲折而行The path wound down to the beach.vt. 给（钟表等）上发条He had forgotten to wind his watch.179. weigh vt 认真考虑；权衡；斟酌I weighed the benefits of the plan against therisk involved.（对看法或结果）有影响；有分量His past record weighs heavily against him.180. word n 诺言；许诺I give you my word that this won’t happen. Do keep your word.。