外研社高中英语教材电子版
- 格式：doc
- 大小：113.50 KB
- 文档页数：12
［教材优化全析］Introduction1.In ancient China，private teachers traveled from state to state explaining their philosophy.在古代中国，许多私塾先生都周游各国宣传他们的哲学思想。
philosophy［U］哲学；哲学体系。
例如：the philosophy of Aristotle亚里士多德的哲学体系2.Confucius was the most important of the ancient Chinese philosophers.孔夫子是当代中国最重要的哲学家。
philosopher［C］哲学家，思想家；贤人，哲人；学者。
例如：the Greek philosophers希腊哲学家take things like a philosopher达观处世3.Confucius’s teachings influences society for more than 2000 years.孔子的思想教诲影响了社会两千多年。
teachings［U］教义；教诲；教导。
例如：the teachings of the Church教会的教义the teachings of Buddha佛教的教义4.Other important thinkers included Mengzi and Mozi.其他的思想家还有孟子和墨子。
thinker［C］思想家，思索者。
例如：a great thinker 伟大的思想家a shallow thinker 浮浅的思想家5.All three teachers believed in the importance of kindness and good government.这三位思想家都相信仁政的重要性。
importance［U］重要性，重大。
例如：the importance of education教育的重要性the importance of the problem问题的重要性a person of importance一位重要的人物news of importance重要新闻6.For example，he hated the idea of war and believed that strong people should look after weaker people.比如，他痛恨战争并且认为强者应当照顾弱者。
look after 照顾，照料。
例如：My friend looked after my cat while I was on holiday.在我去度假的时候，我的朋友照料我的猫。
He’s good at looking after himself.他很会照顾自己。
7.All human beings are equal.所有的人都是平等的。
思维拓展economic philosophy经济哲学educational philosophy教育哲学moral philosophy道德哲学思维拓展a moral philosopher伦理学家a natural philosopher自然哲学家；物理学家思维拓展methods of teaching教学方法class teaching班级教学思维拓展thinking adj.思想的，有思考力的，有理性的［U］思想；意见thinkable adj.可考虑的，可想象的思维拓展attach importance to sth.认为某事物重要put importance on sth.认为某事物重要思维拓展look back 回顾；停滞look around 环顾四周look forward to 盼望look down upon 轻视look out 当心，小心look through 大略地看look up 查看；抬头看思维拓展on equal terms 平等相处equal adj.平等的；相等的。
例如：All men are born equal.人生而平等。
Fight for equal rights of men and women. 为男女权利平等而奋斗。
8.People are more important than rulers. 人民比统治者重要。
ruler［C］统治者；主宰者。
例如：He was the first ruler of the empire.他是这个帝国的第一位统治者。
9.I very much agree with statement 4.我非常同意第四种陈述。
agree with v.同意。
例如：We all agree with what he said.我们都同意他说的话。
At last，she agreed with my words.最后，她同意了我的观点。
I think I will agree with you.我想我会同意你的意思。
be equal to 等于feel equal to 能胜任without equal 无人可比的思维拓展as a rule 一般而言by rule 按照规定make it a rule to do sth.习惯做某事思维拓展agree with（食物、气候）适合人agree to同意人的计划（安排、建议）agree on 就某事达成共识agree to do 同意做某事agree that... 同意……Reading and V ocabulary1.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war.古代中国是一个战乱频繁的地方。
war［C］&［U］战争，战争状态。
例如：the horrors of war战争的恐怖the outbreak of war战争的爆发the art of war兵法（战略和战术）the Second World War 第二次世界大战nuclear war核战争the civil war国内战争2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 但同时也是一个拥有很多伟大哲学家的一个时期。
time ［C］时期；时代。
例如：in ancient times 古代hard times艰苦时代ahead of one’s time 思想超时代的behind the times 落伍，跟不上时代in the times of Henry Ⅲ在亨利三世时代in modern times 在现代3.He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调仁义、道德、礼仪在社会中的重要性。
（1）kindness ［U］仁慈；和蔼；好意。
例如：Thank you for all your kindness.感谢你的帮助。
They were keeping her only out of kindness. 全析提示句中where引导的定语从句修饰先行词place。
思维拓展at war 与……处于战争状态go to war 进入战争状态declare war on/upon向……宣战drift into war 卷入战争全析提示句中when引导的定语从句修饰a time。
思维拓展at one time 曾经at a time 一次，同时in no time 立即，立刻kill time 消磨时间take one’s time 慢慢来思维拓展out of kindness出于仁慈，出于好意kill with kindness以溺爱害人他们出于仁慈之心才一直收养着她。
（2）duty ［C］［U］（道德上的）责任，义务。
例如：Do not forget your duty to your parents.不要忘记对父母应尽的责任。
The children send their duty to their teachers.孩子们对他们的老师很尊敬。
（3）order n.礼仪。
例如：the order of service as laid down in the Prayer Book祈祷书上规定的礼仪4.Mengzi was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to that of Confucius.孟子是一个思想家，他的思想和孔子有些类似。
that是代词，代替teachings。
例如：The population of China is larger than that of Japan.中国的人口比日本的多。
The air of a suburb is cleaner than that of a city.郊外的空气比都市的（空气）干净。
5.His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother.他很小的时候，他父亲就去世了，他由母亲带大。
bring up养育，抚养。
例如:She brought up five children.她养育了五个孩子。
He was brought up respect authority.他从小就受到尊敬师长的教育。
His parents died when he was a baby and he was brought up by her aunt.他出生后不久父母双亡，是由姑母抚养大的。
6.However，when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice，he resigned.然而，当他看到统治者不采取他的建议时，他辞职了。
resign v.辞职；放弃（权利）。
例如：resign one’s position（as secretary）辞去（秘书）职务resign office辞职resign from a job辞职resign his post 辞职7.For many years he traveled from state to state，teaching the principles of Confucius.多年来，他周游各国传授孔子的道德思想。
principle［U］道义；为人之道。
例如：do one’s duty尽职；尽本分fail in one’s duty 失职on duty 值班；值日；值勤in order 有秩序out of order 次序紊乱keep order 维持秩序思维拓展be familiar to为……所熟悉be familiar with熟悉，通晓，精通思维拓展that代替前边的名词，以避免重复。
