当前位置：文档之家 › (5)小学英语语法专题一：形容词和副词

(5)小学英语语法专题一：形容词和副词

  • 格式：docx
  • 大小：40.66 KB
  • 文档页数：4

1 形容词和副词 第一节 形容词（adj.） 一、定义：用来形容人或事物特点的词。 二、形容词的作用： 1. 作定语：e.g. ① It’s an interesting book. ② a red apple 2. 作表语：用在系动词后： be动词，五感动词 (smell, taste, sound, look, feel) 和 get, become, turn 后 + adj 作表语。 e.g. ① She is angry. ② Mary is tall. The food tastes delicious. The silk feels soft. 3. 作宾语补足语。 ① We should keep our classroom tidy and clean. ② We should make our country beautiful and strong. 三、貌似adv. 的adj。

lonely (孤独的),friendly (友好的), lively (生动的),lovely (可爱的), deadly (致命的)等。 四、复合形容词。 He is an eleven- year- old boy. 数--单名作定语good- looking好看的， warm- hearted热心的， middle-aged中年的 五、多个adj的排序问题。 口诀：美、小、圆、旧、黄、法国、木、书房。 一张小的圆木桌。 a small round wooden table. 一件黑色的旧大衣。 an old black coat. 六、以 –ing 和 –ed结尾的adj用法区别：

Jane is bored because her job is boring. Julia thinks maths is very interesting because she is interested in maths. boring I’m bored with my job. interesting I’m not interested in my job any more. My job is tiring I’m always tired when I do my homework. satisfying I’m not satisfied with my job. depressing My job makes me depressed. 通过以上例子发现，当修饰人或人作主语时用 –ed，当修饰物或物作主语时用 –ing。 第二节 副词（adv.） 一、副词的构成： 许多adv来源于adj, 在adj词尾后加上 –ly而成。这些adj向adv转换遵循两个规则： 1. 在adj后直接 + ly. quick — quickly sudden — suddenly rapid — rapidly warm — warmly 2. 以“辅 +y” 结尾的adj, 把y变i, 再加-ly. thirsty — thirstily hungry — hungrily angry — angrily happy — happily ready — readily hearty — heartily 3. 去e加ly： terrible—terribly 二、adv的作用。 1. 修饰 v. 表示行为或动作的方式。 He listens carefully. Please speak quietly. Tom looked at me sadly. She speaks English perfectly. 2. 修饰adj. It was terribly dry. I’m terribly sorry. 3. 修饰其他 adv. He sings very well. 2

第三节 形容词、副词的特殊用法 1. enough. 足够地 She shouldn’t get married yet. She’s not old enough. The English and Maths papers weren’t easy enough for me. (新一L103) ★enough用在adj和adv之后。 2. too…to… 太……而不能…… She is not old enough to get married. = She is too young to get married. ★too + adj / adv + to… 太…而不能 3. so / so...that... 如此……以至于…… The book was so good that I couldn’t put it down. I was so tired that I fell asleep. The story was so stupid. 总结：so...that / so 后 + adj / adv.

4. It is important for us to learn English. I found it difficult for me to sing English songs. 总结： It is + adj (for sb) to do sth 主 + v. + it + adj to do sth 两个句型。即it 作形式主语/形式宾语adj的考点。

adj与adv的比较级，最高级 adj与adv比较级，最高级的构成一样。 一、规则变化。 口诀：直、去、双、变、加。 1. long → longer few → fewer young → younger weak → weaker low → lower hard → harder 规则变化，直接 + er/est。 2. nice → nicer large → larger wide → wider fine → finest safe → safer 以e结尾，直接 + r/st。

3. big → bigger hot → hotter thin → thinner fat → fatter wet → wetter red → redder 以一个辅音字母+一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾，双写末尾辅音字母 +er/est。

4. heavy → heavier early → earlier busy → busier dirty → dirtier easy → easier hungry → hungrier 以一个辅音字母 + y结尾，y变i + er/est。

5. difficult → more difficult useful → more useful careful → more careful quietly → more quietly slowly → more slowly more / most + 双音节或多音节词 6. 特殊变化： clever→ cleverer, cleverest 二、不规则变化。(好，坏，多，少，远，老) good / well → better → best bad / badly / ill → worse → worst many / much → more → most little → less → least far → farther → farthest（表距离） → further → furthest（表程度） old → older → oldest ； → elder → eldest（只作定语，如：elder sister姐姐） 第五节 adj/adv比较级、最高级用法 3

一、原级用法： English is as important as Chinese. It’s not as good as the expensive one. (L111) 它没有那个价钱高的好。 He is as busy as a bee. I get up as early as you do. Luckily, the weather is not so bad as yesterday. This is not so/as good as that one. 总结：(1) 原级比较用 as...as... (肯) ...not so/as...as... (否) (2) ... as + adj / adv 原级 ... as ... 二、比较级常用句型。 1. It’s smaller than the blue one. (L107) The blue suitcase is heavier than the brown one. (L108) I’m taller than she. Mary runs faster than Tom. It’s much colder than yesterday.

He did his homework more carefully than her. He runs much faster than Tom. This problem is much more difficult than that one. 总结：(1) 口诀：than前必用比较级；见二就用比较级。 甲 + be + 比较级 + than + 乙 (2) 句型: 甲 + 谓.v + 比较级 + than + 乙 (3) 比较级前可用 much, even, still, a bit, a little 修饰可加强语气。 2. It’s getting colder and colder. Mary is getting more more beautiful. The students study harder and harder. ★“比较级 + and + 比较级” 越来越… 3. The more careful you are, the less mistakes you would make. the sooner, the better. 越快越好。 ★“the + 比较级, the + 比较级。”越…越… 三、比较级中特殊点。 1. 比较级前不加the, 但在下面的句型中，比较级前加the。 He is the more careful of two engineers. He is the better dancer of the two. ★“甲 + 谓语v. + the + 比较级 + of the two + …” 两者中较… 2. 试比较： Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (重庆属于中国的范围，用……than any other + 单.n) Shanghai is larger than any city in Africa. (非洲的城市不包括上海，用…than any + 单n.) 四、最高级中常见句型。 1. He is the tallest boy in the class. He is the tallest boy of the students.

合集下载

英语基础语法（五）-形容词、副词

英语基础语法（五）-形容词、副词

英语基础语法（五）-形容词、副词5.1 形容词概说5.1.1 形容词经常⽤于说明⼈或事物的性质，最常见的是作名词的定语。

根据所描述的对象和意图的不同，⼜可以分为多种⽤途。

形容词类型example表质量 a beautiful lady ，a fine day表⼤⼩ a big car，a small coina young man，a new bag表新旧，⽼少表温度 a cool evening表颜⾊blue eyes表形状 a square box其它 a Swiss watch5.1.2 形容词作表语通常可以描述整个词组的意思。

如Professor Robert‘s lecture on magnetism was fascinatingSome plays are so successful that they run for years on end.5.2 复合形容词的构成5.2.1 ⽤过去分词构成。

a tree-lined avenue，a horse-drawn cart5.2.2 ⽤现在分词构成a long-playing record，a time-consuming job5.2.3 ⽤看上去是分词，实际上是⽤“名词+ed”合成的词构成复合形容词flat-chested、cross-eyed、slow-footed5.2.4 表⽰度量的复合形容词年龄 a three-year-old building⾯积/体积 a three-acre plot持续时间 a four-hour meeting...5.2.5 ⽤前缀或后缀构成的复合形容词如 tax-free，water-proof，tight-lipped5.3 定词形容词表语形容词5.3.1 ⼀般来讲⼏乎所有的形容词都能作表语，但有些形容词却不能或不常作表语如 countless，digital，indoor5.3.2 有些形容词，如old，late，heavy等，既能作表语也能做定语，但表⽰的意思是不同的Jordon is old nowJepson is a old friend5.3.3 有些形容词只能作表语⽽不能作定语，我们通常把这类形容词称为表语形容词。

小学英语重点语法知识“形容词副词”全面归纳，你的孩子掌握了吗？（附练习）

小学英语重点语法知识“形容词副词”全面归纳，你的孩子掌握了吗？（附练习）

小学英语重点语法知识“形容词副词”全面归纳，你的孩子掌握了吗？（附练习）形容词、副词的区别形容词=名词+y / ly / ous / ive / fulEg：wind+y=windy；love+ly=lovely；danger+ous=dangerous；expense+ive=expensive；care+ful=careful副词=形容词+lyEg：careful+ly=carefully形容词、副词用法区别记忆口诀1、形名——形容词修饰名词Eg：a young girl2、动副——副词修饰动词Eg：run quickly3、系形——系动词后面跟形容词Eg：is lovely4、副形：副词修饰形容词Eg：very good形容词如何的排序？有一个房间，有很多的修饰限定词，如何给它们排序？按照如下顺序：美丑-大小-形状-新旧-颜色-国籍-材质-用途记忆口诀：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房A beautiful small round old yellow French wooden study room形副同形词有哪些？1、Well形容词性意思:身体好的副词性意思:好地2、Fast形容词性意思:快的副词性意思:快地3、Early形容词性意思:早的副词性意思:早早地4、Hard形容词性意思:难的，硬的副词性意思:勤奋地衍生词:Hardly 几乎不5、Late形容词性意思:晚的副词性意思:晚地衍生词:Lately 最近6、Near形容词性意思:近的副词性意思:近地衍生词:Nearly 几乎7、High形容词性意思:高的副词性意思:高地衍生词:Highly 高度地比较级和最高级1.词的比较级和最高级变化规则2.比较级最高级类型（1）递增比较级构成：形/副+er+thanMore+形/副+than含义：比……更备注：More 不能与 er 同时用more 后面跟形/副原级（2）递减比较级构成：less+形/副+than含义：比……更不备注：Less 后面跟形/副原级（3）同级比较构成：as+形/副+as含义：和……一样备注：As...as 中间用原级（4）同级否定比较构成：Not as/so+形/副+as含义：不像……一样备注：As...as 中间用原级3.比较级最高级的标志词比较级：两者比较；than；最高级：三者比较，in/of+范围，one of;I have ever seen Eg：He is the tallest boy in our class/of all the students. It is the best car I have ever seen.比较级修饰：much,a lot,far,a little, evenEg: much bigger; far fatter4.比较级经典句型（1）越来越：比较级+and+比较级Eg：The world will become better and better.世界会变得越来越好。

小学英语语法知识详解之形容词与副词

小学英语语法知识详解之形容词与副词

小学英语语法知识详解之形容词与副词1. 形容词作定语，修饰名词或代词（1）形容词修饰名词，一般放在名词的前面。

例如：yellow desks, an interesting film.（2）如果形容词修饰以-thing/-body 等为词尾的复合不定代词时，要放在这些词之后。

如：something nice, nothing important 等。

2.形容词是谓语，位于系动词后面。

比如Tom looks very happy now. 汤姆现在看起来很开心。

The food tastes delicious. 这些食物尝起来很美味。

The weather is getting warmer and warmer. 天气变得越来越暖和了。

常见的系动词有：be, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, keep, get, turn, bee（表变化）等。

接下来看看什么是副词：副词（adverb，简写为 adv），是一种用来修饰行为动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。

例如：well, badly, carefully, slowly 等。

（对于什么是副词，也同样是运用跟汉语相联系的办法，前面说形容词就是带“的”的词，那么副词就是带“地”或者“得”的词了，我们知道在汉语中带“地”的词后面都是接动词，也就意味着英语中汉语解释带“地”的词也是用来修饰动词的，这样既可以很好的理解什么是副词也能顺便把副词的基本用法了解了，一举两得。

对于带“得”的词，在汉语中一般是接形容词的，比如说：开心得不得了，可以看得出“开心”是形容词，而“不得了”是修饰开心的程度的，于是中文含义带有“得”的词就是副词，且是用来修饰形容词或者副词的程度的）副词的分类方式副词: 表示动作和状态的进行和存在方式、方法,如：carefully, suddenly, fast, well, politely，但friendly lovely, lonely, lively elderly, ugly 为形容词程度副词: 多用来修饰形容词和副词，如：very ，much，enough，almost，rather，so，too，still，quite地点副词：here ，there ，everywhere, anywhere, home, upstairs, downstairs 等时间副词：tomorrow, now, today, then, yesterday, tonight 等频度副词：always，usually，often，never，sometimes，seldom，once，rarely，hardly 等疑问副词：why, when, where, how（引导特殊疑问句） how often, how long ,how soon, how much, how many 等关系副词：when, where, why （用于定语从句）其他also，either，too，only，perhaps(对于疑问副词和关系副词，小学不用做要求，认识就行！)接下来看看副词的基本用法：(1)修改行为动词以显示动作是如何执行的。

小学英语语法专题训练：形容词副词(含答案)

小学英语语法专题训练：形容词副词(含答案)

小学英语语法专题训练：形容词副词一、单选题（共44题；共88分）1.Sam can't watch TV, and he is .A. unhappyB. unluckyC. happy2.—How is a Chinese ink painting, Mum?—It's in .A. colourfulB. black and whiteC. blue and white3.The Wangs are , but they are very happy.A. richB. poorC. angry4.Jane runs than me.A. fastB. fastestC. faster5.Some stories are I like "The wind and the sun“.A. plasticB. well-knownC. lazy6.Andersen was a (n) writer.A. DanishB. EnglishC. AmericaD. Germany7.The woman is seventy，but she looks so .A. tallB. youngC. old8.—The traffic light is . We can go now.—OK!A. yellowB. redC. green9.My brother is 1.61 metres. I am 1.55 metres. He is than me.A. olderB. longerC. taller10.I feel ________. I am going to see a film.A. happyB. sickC. well11.It's a _______ day. Let's go to the park.A. sunB. sunnyC. rainy12.—How often do you go to the park?—I _______ go to the park.A. likeB. alwaysC. don't13.Christmas is my ________festival.A. likeB. loveC. favourite14.—Do you miss your family?—________.A. Some timesB. SometimesC. Some time15.Sorry, you ________, Xiaoyong.A. are outB. goodC. be quiet16.I often eat bananas, but I______ eat apples.A. oftenB. alwaysC. never17.My parents and I ________ like the Spring Festival.A. allB. bothC. too18.—Is there __________ milk in the bottle?—Yes, there is ________ in the bottle.A. some; anyB. any; someC. some; some19.Are there _______ boys in the classroom?A. anyB. someC. much20.I have________ paper on the desk. I want to make________ paper planes.A. many; manyB. a lot of; manyC. much; muchD. many; a lot of21.I like oranges. John likes oranges, ______________.A. toB. alsoC. either22.We must stop at _____________ light.A. greenB. yellowC. red23.She can jump __________________ than her brother.A. fasterB. fastC. higherD. high24.It's_______________ to play the piano.A. easyB. closeC. sameD. luck25.My mother is not a teacher. My father is not a teacher, ______.A. tooB. eitherC. also26.The jacket is not too expensive. I have ______ money.A. enoughB. muchC. many27.The children listen______ to their teacher.A. carefulB. carefullyC. loudly28.Jenny's dictionary is ______ than mine.A. biggerB. bigC. big than29.Look at the diamond watch. It's ______ one in the shop.A. most expensiveB. more expensiveC. the most expensive30.I think parrots are ___________ animals.A. the excitingB. more than excitingC. the most exciting31.Hurry up! There isn't ________.32.Let's have some ______ first.A. funnyB. funC. excited33.Mike has ______eggs every week.A. a fewB. a littleC. much34.I must run ______on the road.A. slowB. quickC. quickly35.The little chicken can't find her way .A. homeB. to homeC. for home36.We should do more things to keep the Earth clean and______.A. dirtyB. healthyC. unhealthy37.Tim was _________last year, but now he's ______.A. cute, prettyB. short, tallC. small, pretty38.Is there _______milk in the fridge now?A. someB. lotC. anyD. many39.We should write on ________ sides of paper.A. everyB. bothC. all40.We must stop cutting down ________ trees.A. muchB. so muchC. so many41.Shh! Boys and girls, we must keep ________ here.A. cleanB. quietC. cool42.We ________ need air to keep us alive.A. allB. tooC. both43.We saw ants, bees, butterflies and ________ insects.A. othersB. otherC. the other44.I don't like that film. It's ________.A. funB. boringC. exciting二、语法填空（共6题；共6分）45.This is a ________ (China) idiom book.46."How can I get out?" asked the lion ________ (sad).47.The sun is________ (big) than the moon.48.That's the ________ (tall) dinosaur!49.I can also dance ________(good).50.I lose my bag and I feel ________ (happy).答案解析部分一、单选题1.【答案】A【考点】形容词【解析】【分析】句意是Sam不能看电视，他不开心。