VisualC++_MFC简要介绍英文原文以及翻译

计算机专业毕业设计外文翻译

Visual C++ MFC 简要介绍

工 学 部 工学一部

专 业 计算机科学与技术

班 级 4418101

学 号 200413181038

姓 名 张 为

指导教师 史 俊

负责教师

沈阳航空工业学院北方科技学院

2008年7月 沈阳航空工业学院北方科技学院毕业设计(外文翻译)

1 Introduction to MFC Programming with Visual C++ Version 6.x

by Marshall Brain

Visual C++ is much more than a compiler. It is a complete application development

environment that, when used as intended, lets you fully exploit the object oriented nature

of C++ to create professional Windows applications. In order to take advantage of these

features, you need to understand the C++ programming language. If you have never used

C++, please turn to the C++ tutorials in the C/C++ Tutorials page for an introduction. You

must then understand the Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) hierarchy. This class

hierarchy encapsulates the user interface portion of the Windows API, and makes it

significantly easier to create Windows applications in an object oriented way. This

hierarchy is available for and compatible with all versions of Windows. The code you

create in MFC is extremely portable.

These tutorials introduce the fundamental concepts and vocabulary behind MFC and

event driven programming. In this tutorial you will enter, compile, and run a simple MFC

program using Visual C++. Tutotial 2 provides a detailed explanation of the code used in

Tutorial 1. Tutorial 3 discusses MFC controls and their customization. Tutorial 4 covers

message maps, which let you handle events in MFC.

What is the Microsoft Foundations Class Library?

Let's say you want to create a Windows application. You might, for example, need to

create a specialized text or drawing editor, or a program that finds files on a large hard disk,

or an application that lets a user visualize the interrelationships in a big data set. Where do

you begin?

A good starting place is the design of the user interface. First, decide what the user

should be able to do with the program and then pick a set of user interface objects

accordingly. The Windows user interface has a number of standard controls, such as

buttons, menus, scroll bars, and lists, that are already familiar to Windows users. With this

in mind, the programmer must choose a set of controls and decide how they should be

arranged on screen. A time-honored procedure is to make a rough sketch of the proposed

user interface (by tradition on a napkin or the back of an envelope) and play with the

elements until they feel right. For small projects, or for the early prototyping phase of a

larger project, this is sufficient.

The next step is to implement the code. When creating a program for any Windows 沈阳航空工业学院北方科技学院毕业设计(外文翻译)

2 platform, the programmer has two choices: C or C++. With C, the programmer codes at the

level of the Windows Application Program Interface (API). This interface consists of a

collection of hundreds of C functions described in the Window's API Reference books. For

Window's NT, the API is typically referred to as the "Win32 API," to distinguish it from

the original 16-bit API of lower-level Windows products like Windows 3.1.

Microsoft also provides a C++ library that sits on top of any of the Windows APIs and

makes the programmer's job easier. Called the Microsoft Foundation Class library (MFC),

this library's primary advantage is efficiency. It greatly reduces the amount of code that

must be written to create a Windows program. It also provides all the advantages normally

found in C++ programming, such as inheritance and encapsulation. MFC is portable, so

that, for example, code created under Windows 3.1 can move to Windows NT or Windows

95 very easily. MFC is therefore the preferred method for developing Windows

applications and will be used throughout these tutorials.

When you use MFC, you write code that creates the necessary user interface controls

and customizes their appearance. You also write code that responds when the user

manipulates these controls. For example, if the user clicks a button, you want to have code

in place that responds appropriately. It is this sort of event-handling code that will form the

bulk of any application. Once the application responds correctly to all of the available

controls, it is finished.

You can see from this discussion that the creation of a Windows program is a

straightforward process when using MFC. The goal of these tutorials is to fill in the details

and to show the techniques you can use to create professional applications as quickly as

possible. The Visual C++ application development environment is specifically tuned to

MFC, so by learning MFC and Visual C++ together you can significantly increase your