第十二讲八年级下 Units 3—4考纲话题:人际交往人际交往包括个人感受和人际关系。
其中,释放压力、保持健康心理、适应集体生活、珍视友谊等是此类话题作文的常见切入点,题目的命制通常与学生生活实际相关,以寻求建议、表达鼓励、征文、话题讨论等形式出现。
【提分好词】·问题·1.be nervous about...对……感到紧张2.feel lonely感到孤独3.too shy to talk to...太腼腆而不敢和……说话4.be proud of为……感到骄傲5.be afraid of 害怕……6.be strict with sb.对某人严格要求7.be unhappy with...对……感到不开心8.be worried about...对……感到担心9.be angry with/be mad at...对……生气10.fail the exam考试不及格11.copy one's homework抄作业12.get into trouble有麻烦·建议·1.be friendly/nice/kind to 对……友好2.be patient with对……有耐心3.be willing to do sth.乐意做某事4.be confident of sth. 对某事有信心5.make friends with 和……交朋友6.stay in touch with和……保持联系7.smile at对……微笑8.be honest with对……诚实9.get along well with和……相处融洽10.get into the habit of养成……的习惯municate with和……交流12.good state of mind良好的心态13.listen to some soft music听一些轻音乐14.take a hot bath洗个热水澡15.take a walk with sb.和某人散步【提分好句】·问题·1.I don't know how to make friends, even though everyone in my class is kind to me.我不知道如何交朋友,尽管我们班的所有人都对我很友善。
H字母开头短语had better最好(＋v,无人称和数的变化)例句①He'd better have a rest.他最好休息一下.②You'd better not talk with others in class.你最好别在课堂上与其他人说话.half an hour半个小时例句They will arrive in half an hour.他们将于半个小时之内到达.hand down把······传下来例句When we were young, clothes were handed down from one to the next.在我们小的时候,衣服往往是从一个传给下一个.hand in①交上来;②递交例句All the exercise books must be handed in today.所有练习本今天务必交上来.同义turn in 上交例句Please turn in your homework before you leave the classroom.离开教室以前,请你们把作业交上来.hand in hand手拉手例句They walked away hand in hand.他们手拉手地离开了.hand out分发例句Could you hand these books out, please?请把这些书发给大家好吗?同义give out 分发;发放例句Please give out the books to the children.请把这些书分发给孩子们.反义hand in 上交例句Remember to hand in your homework after class.下课之后记得交上你的作业.hand over①移交;②交出例句①The young man was handed over to the police.这个年轻人被移交给警方处理.②The thief handed over the stolen watch to the police.小偷把偷的那块手表交给了警察.hang out①闲逛,游荡;②挂出;晾晒例句①Why is he hanging out in the street?他为什么在街上闲逛?②I have some clothes to hang out.我有一些衣服要晾晒.hang up①把······挂起来;②挂断(电话)例句①The teacher is hanging up a map of the world.老师正在把一幅世界地图挂起来.②I have to hang up now.我现在必须挂电话了.happen to(碰巧)发生例句①What happened to you?你怎么了?②I happened to see him this morning.今天早上我碰巧见到了他.hardly ever几乎不例句I think I'm kind of unhealthy. I hardly ever exercise.我认为我有点儿不健康,我几乎不锻炼身体. have/take a break(工作、学习、会议等的中间)休息一下例句Turn off the computer and have a break.关上电脑,休息一下.同义have a rest 休息例句You should have a rest on weekends.你应该在周末休息一下.have a cold/fever/cough/headache/stomachache感冒／发烧／咳嗽／头疼／胃疼例句①Her voice sounds as if she had a cold.她的声音听起来像是感冒了.②When you have a fever, you should drink more water.当你发烧时,你应该多喝水.have a day off放假一天例句Children will have a day off on June 1.6月1日孩子们将放假一天.have a good time玩得高兴,过得愉快例句I hope you'll have a good time here.我希望你在这里过得愉快.同义(1)enjoy oneself 过得愉快例句They all enjoyed themselves at the party.他们在聚会上都玩得非常痛快.(2)have fun ①with sb./sth.②(in)doing sth.玩得开心;获得乐趣例句①Have fun(with your family)!祝你(跟你的家人)玩得开心！②The kids had a lot of fun with the toys.小孩子们在玩玩具时很开心.③We had fun swimming in the water.我们在水里游得很快活.have a look (at)看一看例句①Can I have a look at your new bike?我可以看一看你的新自行车吗?②Have a look at what happened.看看发生了什么.同义take a look 看一看例句He took a look at the book and then shook his head.他看了看那本书,然后摇了摇头.have a lot of fun有很多乐趣,过得愉快例句①Playing chess has a lot of fun.下国际象棋有很多乐趣.②It is snowing now. We will have a lot of fun in this winter.下雪了,这个冬天我们将过得很愉快. have a meeting①开会;②举办······会例句①-When shall we have a meeting?我们什么时候开会?-I don't know.我不知道.②Our school will have a sports meeting next week.我们学校下周要开运动会.have a picnic野餐例句-Shall we go to the park to have a picnic? 我们去公园野餐好吗?-That sounds like fun.好极了.have a talk (with sb.)(与某人)交谈例句①We had a long talk.我们作了一次长谈.②Can I have a talk with you for a moment?我可以和你谈几分钟吗?have/take a test进行测验例句We had our last physics test.我们举行了最后一次物理测验.have a seat坐下例句Please have a seat and drink a cup of coffee.请坐下喝杯咖啡.have a word with①和······谈话;②和······私下说话例句①Our math teacher would have a word with you.我们数学老师要和你谈话.②Could we have a word before you go to the meeting? 你去开会之前,咱们能私下说句话吗?have classes/lessons上课例句Do you have classes on Saturdays? 你星期六有课吗?have connection with与······有联系,有关系例句We have no business connection with that company.我们同那家公司无业务关系.have difficulty/trouble①with sth.;②(in)doing sth.做······吃力,费劲例句①I'm having difficulty with the work.我做这项工作有些吃力.②I have trouble(in)solving the problem.我解决这个问题遇到了难处.③Since I also have trouble with English grammar, I attend an English class to study grammar.由于我在学习英语语法上也存在困难,因此我参加了一个英语学习班学习语法.have(an)effect on①对······有影响;②对······起作用,产生效果例句①Her illness has a bad effect on her work.她的病对工作有很大的影响.②It had very little effect on him.那对他不起什么作用.同义have(an) influence on 对······有(潜移默化的)影响例句Television has a strong influence on people.电视对人有很大的影响.have no idea不知道,不了解例句I have no idea what happened last night.我不知道昨天晚上发生了什么.have sports进行体育运动例句We have sports every Tuesday afternoon.每周二下午我们进行体育活动.have to必须;不得不例句It's too late, and you have to go to bed.太晚了,你必须上床睡觉.hear about听说例句I was sorry to hear about your accident.听说你遇到意外,我很难过.同义hear of 听说例句I have never heard of him before.我以前从来没有听说过他.hear from收到······的来信(＝get a letter from)例句I hear from my mother every week.每周我都收到我妈妈的来信.help oneself (to)随便吃例句Help yourself to some fish.随便吃些鱼肉吧.help(sb.)out帮助(某人)摆脱困境例句My father helped me out when I failed the exam.我考试不及格时,父亲帮我摆脱困境.help(sb.)with sth.帮助(某人)做某事例句①He always helps with the housework.他总是帮着做家务.②The children's father helps them with their work.孩子们的父亲帮助他们做功课.here and there到处,处处例句The classroom is dirty. I can see waste paper here and there.教室很脏.我到处可以看到废纸. hold/have a meeting举行会议例句We will hold a meeting next Monday.我们下周一将召开会议.hold on①不挂断;②坚持例句①Hold on for a moment, please.请稍等一下.②I feel a bit tired. However, I can hold on.我有点累儿了,但我能坚持下去.hold one's breath屏住呼吸例句We all held our breath in order not to be discovered.我们都屏住呼吸以免被发现.hold up①举起;②阻挡例句①She held up her hands and wiped her tears.她抬起手擦去了眼角的泪水.②The car accident has held up the traffic.这场车祸阻挡了交通.how about······怎么样(＋n./pron./doing)例句①How about a cup of ice water?来杯冰水怎么样?②How about taking a short break?稍微休息一会儿怎么样?同义what about······怎么样例句What do you like? What about potatoes?你想吃什么?土豆怎么样?how far/long/many/much/old多远／多长(时间)／多少／多少／几岁例句①How far is it from his home to school?从他家到学校有多远?②How long has he lived here? 他在这里住多长时间了?③How long is the river?这条河有多长?④How many apples do we need? 我们需要多少苹果?⑤How much did you pay for the watch?你花多少钱买的手表?⑥How old is your brother?你弟弟多大了?how often多久一次例句-How often do you exercise?你多久锻炼一次?-Every day.每天.how soon多久以后例句-Can you tell me how soon I can get to town? 你能告诉我多久才能到城里吗? -In two hours.两个小时以后.human being人,人类例句He is not a human being but a robot.他不是人而是一个机器人.hundreds of数百的,成百上千的;许许多多的例句The earthquake made hundreds of people homeless.这场地震使数百人无家可归. 联想(1)thousands of 数千的,成千上万的例句Thousands of people attended the meeting.数千人参加了这次会议.(2)millions of 数百万的,成百上千万的例句There are millions of stars in the sky.天空中有千千万万颗星星.hurry off/away匆匆离去例句I must hurry off to catch the train.我必须赶快去赶火车.hurry over匆忙过来例句The doctor hurried over with a medicine box.医生带着药箱匆忙赶来了.hurry up赶快例句Hurry up, or we will be late.快点儿,要不我们就迟到了.。
一般过去式一、含义：发生了的动作或事情。
二、动词形式：did；was、were；v.过去式①实义动词肯定句：主语+ 动词过去式+ 其他.I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。
否定句：主语+ didn’t + 动词原形+ 其他。
I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。
一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其他?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ did.否定回答：No, 主语+ didn’t / did not.—Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。
/ 不，我没去。
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？—Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？—I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。
②be 动词肯定句：主语+ was/were + 其他.I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
否定句：主语+ wasn’t/weren’t + 其他.I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。
一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语+ 其他?—Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？—Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。
/ 不，我不在家。
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ were/was + 主语+ 其他?—Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？—I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。
三、关键词:yesterday（昨天）；last week/month/year.......;in the past（在过去）；just now（刚才）；in xxxx（在xxx年）；....ago（...之前）；once upon a time（从前）........例句：—What did they do last night? 他们昨天晚上做什么了？―They did their homework. 他们做作业了。
